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46 Tap chi Tam 1̂ hgc xa hgi s6 4, 4 2015 SI KY NANG TLf HOC COA SINH VIEN KHOA GlAO DUC Tieu HOC TRLfdNG DAI HOC SLf PHAM H A NQI Va Thi Lan Anh Tradng D îi hgc Su pham Hd Ngi TOM TAT Bdi viet de ca[.]
46 Tap chi Tam 1^ hgc xa hgi s6 4, - 2015 SI KY NANG TLf HOC COA SINH VIEN KHOA GlAO DUC Tieu HOC TRLfdNG DAI HOC SLf PHAM H A NQI Va Thi Lan Anh Tradng D^ii hgc Su pham Hd Ngi TOM TAT: Bdi viet de cap den kit qud nghien ciru thuc trgng, cdc yeu td dnh huong den ky ndng tu hpc (KNTH) ciia sinh vien (SV) khoa Gido due tiiu hpc, tru&ng Dgi hpc Su phgm Hd Npi vd mpt sd de xudt nhdm giup sinh vien ren luyen ky ndng tif hpc tdt han Rdt nhieu SV da nhdn thicc duac bdn chdt ciing nhu cdc ky ndng thdnh phdn cita ky ndng tif hpc (KNTH) Tuy nhien, cUng cd khdng it SV, dgc biit la cdc SVndm thic nhdl chua nhdn thtic dimg bdn chdt cua KNTH cUng nhu chua nhdn mpt sd ky ndng ca bdn cita KNTH cua SV Tft khda: Ky ndng tu hpc: Sinh vien suphgm: Cdc yiu td dnh hu&ng Ngdy nhan bai: Thdng 11/2014; Ngay duyft ddng bai: 10/3/2015 L Bat vin dl Ty hgc cd y nghia ddc bift quan ttgng ttong suit cudc ddi mdi ngudi bdi to hgc thucmg xuydn, tu hgc suit ddi la didu kifn ca ban dl ngudi cd flid chidm lihh kho tang tii thftc cfta nhdn loai, qua dd hmh thdnh va phdt tiidn nhan cdch Hoat ddng to hgc chi cd thi djt dugc hifu qud tdi uu ca nhan cd ky ndng tvr hgc Trong cdc tiirdng dai hgc hifn dd dp dyng hinh thftc dag tao tm chi - mdt hmh thftc dao tao ddi hdi smh vidn phdi nd luc cao ttong vifc to hgc, to chidm linh tii thftc khoa hgc, tii thftc nghi nghifp Nhu vfy, sinh vidn ndi chung hay sinh vidn Khoa Gido due tilu bgc (GDTH), tiirdng Dai hgc Su pham hd Nfi (DHSPHN) ndi rieng cin tiiilt phai hmh tiianh vd hodn tiiifn ky Tgp chi Tam ly hgc xa hdi s6 4, - 2015 47 nang tu hgc dl vifc tu hgc cd hifu qua Thuc tidn hidn nay, nhidu sinh vidn Khoa GDTH, tiirdng DHSPHN, dJc bift la cdc sinh vidn diu khda vdn cdn Iftng tung, chua thvrc su ddp ung dugc yeu ciu chft dgng, tich cue ttong hoat dfng chidm Hnh tri thftc khoa hgc, tti tiiftc chuyen mdn nghi nghidp Phirong phap nghien cihi Sft dyng phuang phdp dilu tta bing bang hdi kit hgp vdi phuang phdp phdng vin sau dl tim hilu ki ndng tu hgc cua 166 sinh vien khoa Gido due tidu hgc, tiirdng Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi ttong dd cd 45 sinh vidn n t o tiift nhit, 45 smh vien ndm thft hai, 37 sinh vidn nam flift ba va 39 sinh vidn ndm thft to Ket qua nghidn ciru 3.1 NhSn thtic cua sinh viin vi ky nang tuhpc B a n g l : Nhdn thftc cua sinh vidn vd ky ndng to hgc \ Khda hpc Nam thft nhat Nam thft hai Ndm thft ba Nam thir tu Chung TB X TB X TB X 2,48 2,36 2,03 2,79 2,41 2,67 2,73 2,58 2,93 2,50 2,66 2,51 2,7 2,89 2,89 2,52 2,49 2,7 2,91 2,89 2,95 2 2,66 2,69 2,67 2,80 2,1 2,00 2,08 2,6 2,19 X Cac quan n i e m \ TB X TB KNTH la biet lap ke hogch tu KNTH ia each thiic tu hoc hpc, biet tu doc sach, tai Heu, bidt KNTH la he th6ng thao tac tu giai quyet tinh huong tri tue va thuc hanh nhim qua trinh tu hpc, biet tu kiem tra, dat duoc mvc dich hpc tap danh gia viec tu hoc KNTH the hien a nhan thiic KNTH la mat kT thuat cua hanh va thai tu hoc dpng tu hpc KNTH la thyc hi?n hanh dpng tu hpc CO kSt qui Bang ket qua tren cho thiy quan niem s6 dugfc hiu het SV cua ca khoa dSu d6ng y va xdp thii bac vdi =2,80, quan nidm s6 dugc lira chon xlp thir bac vdi = 2,69 Hai quan niem co di6m tnmg binh nhom thap nhit lin lugt la quan niem s6 (=2,19) va quan niem s6 (=2,41) Vdi kdt qua nghien cuu nhu Tgp chi Tam \^ hgc xa hdi s6 4,4 - 2015 48 vdy cd thd thiy, da sl SV diu nhfn thftc dugc the ndo la KNTH Tuy nhien, kdt hgp vdi phdng vin sau cho thiy vin cdn khdng it SV chua hieu bdn chit cua KNTH dudi d?ng khoa hgc ma vdn hilu theo each hilu cam tmh thdng thudng, theo kinh nghiem hgc tdp, hilu dan gidn la cac cdng vifc ty hgc Bang 2: Nhdn thftc cua sinh vidn vl ky nang thdnh phin cua ky ndng tu hgc ^ ^ ^ ^ Klioa hgc Cac ky nang ^ ^ ^ ^ KN l^p k^ hogch tir hoc KN tap trung, chu y nghe giang KN dgc sach, tai lieu KN ghi ch6p tai lieu KN v^n dyng ly thuydt de ren luy?n nghi$p vy thucmg xuyen KN lam bdi t^p thuc hanh KN 6n tdp KN t\r kilm tra,danh gid vi?c t\r hoc Ndm thli nh^t SL % 18 40,0 19 40 Nim thft hai SL % 26 57.8 42,2 13 30 88,9 66,7 38 30 20 36,4 23 Nam thft ba SL % 18 48,6 28.9 10 84.4 66,7 30 26 31 68.9 51,1 25 Nam thft tir SL % 20 51,3 27,0 81,1 70,3 35 28 19 51,4 55.6 21 56,8 Chung SL % 82 49,4 20,5 50 30,1 89,7 71,8 143 114 68,7 32 82,1 102 61,4 15 38,5 84 50,6 86,1 39 86,6 42 93.3 34 91,9 35 89,7 150 90,4 27 60,0 37 82.2 26 70,3 29 74,4 119 71,7 KN lgp kk hogch dgc sach 18 40,0 23 51,1 19 51,4 22 56,4 82 49,4 10 KN d§t cau hoi va lam vi^c dgc i|p, CO sang kidn rieng 25 55,6 30 66,7 23 62,2 25 64,1 88 62.0 11 KN phan tich, he thing hoa, khai quat hoa ngi dung hgc tap 27 60,0 35 77,8 20 54,1 28 71,8 110 66,3 12 KN lam de cuong Xemina 14 31,1 20 44,4 20 54,1 27 69,2 81 48,8 13 KN phdn ti'ch tai lieu khoa hgc 25 55,6 32 71.1 21 56,8 18 46,2 96 57,8 14 KN thao ludn nhom 17 37,8 17 37.8 16 43,2 20 51,3 70 42,2 Tap chi Tam ly hgc xa hdi s6 4,4 - 2015 49 Xet theo phuang difn chtmg, da s l sinh vidn cua ca khda diu xde dinh duge cac ky ndng thdnh phin cua kl ndng tvr hgc Trong dd ba ky nang phan dugc sinh vidn lua chgn nhidu nhit: ki ndng dn tap (90,4%), ki nang dgc sdch, tai lifu tham khdo (86,1%), ki ndng kilm tta, ddnh gid vifc to hgc (71,7%); ba ki ndng nhdn dugc it su lua chgn cfta sinh vidn nhit la: ki ndng tap ttnng, chft y nghe gidng (30,1%), ki ndng flido lufn nhdm (42,2%) va ki ndng Iam dd cuong xdmma (48,8%) Kit qud cho fliiy, nhilu SV da nhan fliftc dugc cac KNTH quan ttgng nhu: ki nang dgc sdch, tai lifu tham khao; ky ndng dn tfp, ky nang kilm tra, danh gid vifc ty hgc 3.2 Mtic dp thffC hien tji ndng tfr hpc cda sinh viin Bdng 3: Mftc dd thyc hifn nhdm ky ndng lap kl hoach to hgc cfta sinh vidn ^"^~~ ~^^^^^ Mftc df thuc hifn Cac KN If p kl h o a c h " ^ ^ - - ^ Lap ke hoach cho cd nam Ldp kd hoach cho tftng ky Lap kd hoach cho tftng thang Ldp kd hoach cho timg Lfp kd hoach cho tftng mdn Lfp kd hoach dgc sdch Lap kd hoach thao ludn nhdm Lap kd hoach ren luyen nghifp vu thudng xuyen Lfp kd hoach dn tfp Thn dng xu ^en SL % 22 13,3 33 19,9 33 19,9 80 48,2 97 58,4 25 15,1 19 11,4 30 18,1 Thinh Khong bao thoang Rid SL % SL % 43 25,9 101 60,8 52 31,3 81 48,8 56 33,7 77 46,4 68 41,0 18 10,8 59 35,5 10 6,1 54 32,5 87 52,4 53 32,0 94 56,6 37 22,3 99 59,6 78 50 47,0 30,1 38 22,9 Da sd sinh vidn chua thuc hifn cdc ky nang lap kd hoach mdt cdch thudng xuydn, nlu cd thudng chi la ddi chft chua thdnh thdi quen hay nd ndp hgc tap Ndu so sdnh d mftc thudng xuydn thi chidm ti If thuc bidn ky nang Idp kd hoach cao nhit la d cdc ngi dung: Idp kl hoach cho timg mdn, chidm 58,4%; Ifp kl hofich cho timg ngdy, chilm 48,2% va Ifp kd hoach dn tfp chidm 47,0% Cdc ndi dung cdn lai diu chi dat dudi 20% va day cd thd ndi la nhimg U If thyc sy rit thdp Dac bift ldp kd ho?ich ren luyfn nghifp vu thudng xuydn Id rit cdn thidt nhung sinh vidn ciing thuc hifn rat h ^ chl (mftc thudng xuydn chi cd 18,1%) Kit qua khao sdt cung cho thiy: Khdng nhilu SV thudng xuydn dgc sach, chi cd 44,4% smh vidn ndmfliftnhit vd 35,9% SV ndm flift to Mftc dg tiiuc hifn cac ndi dung cua ky ndng dgc sdch cfta SV khdng nhu SV tiiyc hifn tiiudng Tap chi Tam ly hgc xa hdi s6 4, - 2015 50 xuydn nhit d mdt sl ngi dung: Tun hilu muc lyctin-dckhi dgc chinh thftc (70,5%); dgc tiiim vd suy ngam (88,6%); hilu va nhd nhiing vin dl cdt ldi cua tai lifu (76,5%) Kit qud ciing cho tiiiy, da sd SV da thyc hifn thudng xuydn nhung ngi dung ca bdn cua ky nang dgc sach Tuy nhidn, nhung ngi dung khdc cua ky ndng dgc sach ciing anh hudng rat ldn din hifu qua to dgc sach cua SV nhu: Ldp kl hoach dgc sach va lua chgn sdch; tdm tdt ngi dung tftng phin, tftng chuang da dgc thi SV Iai rit it tiiuc hifn tiiudng xuydn, chi cd 15,1% va 23,5% Rit nhilu sinh vidn dd thuc Men thudng xuydn mdt sd ndi dung sau cua ky ndng thdo lufn nhdm: Xde djnh y chinh cin thao luan (70,5%); dgc Iai ngi dung cd lidn quan ddn van dd thdo luan (83,7%); tim cdc ddn chftng, minh chftng cho bai thao lufn (77,7%) Day la nhftng ndi dung nln tang cua ky ndng thdo luan nhdm, giup SV cd budi thao lufn hifu qua Kit qud nghidn cftu cho thay: Hau hdt SV to nam thft nhit din nam thft to ddu thuc hifn ky ndng dn tap mdt cdch thudng xuydn Tuy nhidn, SV thuc hifn cdc ndi dimg cfta ky ndng ndy d mftc khdng nhu Thuc hifn thudng xuydn nhdt la cac ngi dtmg: Hgc theo tdi lifu minh ghi chep; hgc theo hudng ddn cfta gido vidn; dn tfp tdp trung trudc thi Bang 3: Mftc thuc hifn ky ndng ty hgc cfta sinh vidn ^ \ K h a hgc Nam thft Nam thft Nam thft Nam thft Chung Nh6m\ nhit hai ba tu X X X ky nang ^ \ X X TB TB TB TB TB l.NhdmkT nang lap kd hoach to hoc 2,09 2,30 2,24 2,63 2,32 2 Nhdm kl nang td chftc viec to hoc 2,44 2,45 2,49 2,63 2,50 3.Nh6mld nang danh gid, vifc to hoc cua ban than 1,97 2,36 2,20 2,5 2,23 _ Ddnh gid chung vd mftc fliuc hifn cd nhdm phin cua KNTH cd tiid fliiy, "nhdm ki n&ig t l chftc vide tu hgc" dugc cd khda sinh vien fliuc hifn fliudng xuydn nhit, vdi X = 2,50, xdp flift bac Tuy nhidn, su khdc vd mftc cdc nhdm ky ndng flidnh phin cua KNTH d cdc khda sinh vien cung flid hifn khd rd: Vdi sinh vidn nam diu, muc thuc hifn cdc nhdm ky Tap chi Tam ly hgc xa hfi so 4,4 - 2015 51 ndng phin chi d mftc ttdn trung buih Sd lugng sinh vidn thyc hifn hanh dgng tu hgc d mftc "ddi khi" cdn kha nhidu Ket hgp vdi kdt qud phdng vdn sau cd thd thdy cdn nhilu sinh vidn chua chu dgng ttong vifc to hgc, chua sap xdp va phdn bd vifc to hgc cho hgp 1^, smh vidn chua cd kl hoach hgc tfp cy the ma phan ldn vdn cdn to hgc theo phuang phdp ngdu nhidn, cam hiimg Ngugc lai, sinh vidn nam culi rit chu ttgng vdo nhdm ky nang tiidnh phan Id "nhdm ki nang lap kd hoach to hgc" va " nhdm kl ndng td chftc vifc to hgc" Dilm ndi bat cua sinh vidn nam thft to Id didm trung binh X cua ca nhdm ky ndng thdnh phan diu cao ban ba khda sau {Z> 2.5) Didu da khing dinh sy cin thfn, chic chin ttong vifc hinh thdnh y thftc to hgc cua nhiing smh vien nam cudi Nhu vdy, d cdc khdi sinh vidn da cd y thuc to bgc nhung chua cd hf thdng, kd hoach cu thi ma chu ydu chi dua tten thdi quen Ket l u | n Nghidn cftu ttdn 166 SV khoa Giao due tilu hgc Trudng Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi ve thuc ttang ky ndng to hgc budc diu cd thi rut mdt sl kit luan sau: Rit nhilu SV da nhan thftc dugc ban chit cung nhu cdc ky nang thdnh phin cua KNTH Tuy nhidn, cung cd khdng it SV, ddc bift la cdc SV ndm thft nhit chua nhdn thftc dftng ban chit cua KNTH cung nhu chua nhdn mgt sd ky ndng ca ban cua KNTH cua SV Khdo sdt mftc thuc hifn cua mdt sd ky nang phin cua KNTH cfta SV nhu ky ndng dgc sdch, ky nang thdo ludn nhdm vd ky ndng dn p cho thiy: Khdng nhilu SV thudng xuydn dgc sdch Mftc thuc hifn cdc ngi dung cua Ky ndng dgc sdch cua SV khdng nhu nhau: SV tiiuc hidn tiiudng xuydn nhit d mdt s l ngi dung: Tim hilu muc luc trudc dgc chinh thftc; dgc thdm va suy ngdm; hilu vd nhd nhung vin dl cdt Idi cua tdi lifu; nhung ngi dung it dugc thvrc hifn thudng xuydn Id Lap kl hoach dgc sdch vd toa chgn sdch va tdm tit ngi dung timg phin, tftng chuong da dgc Tai lieu tham khao Nguydn Thi Bich Hanh (2006), Biin phdp hodn thiin Id ndng tu hpc men "Gido due hpc" chp sinh vien DHSP thep quan diim Suphgm hpc tuang tdc Ludn an Tiln si Giao due hgc DHSP Ha Ndi Dd Thi Lan Huong (2006), Biin phdp qudn li hogt dpng ttf hpc cua sinh vien tru&ng CDSP Thdi Binh, NXB DHSP Hd Ngi Canh Todn (1999), Lugn bdn vd kinh nghiim vk tu hpc, NXB Gido due ... hgc cua 166 sinh vien khoa Gido due tidu hgc, tiirdng Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi ttong dd cd 45 sinh vidn n t o tiift nhit, 45 smh vien ndm thft hai, 37 sinh vidn nam flift ba va 39 sinh vidn ndm... nhidu sinh vidn Khoa GDTH, tiirdng DHSPHN, dJc bift la cdc sinh vidn diu khda vdn cdn Iftng tung, chua thvrc su ddp ung dugc yeu ciu chft dgng, tich cue ttong hoat dfng chidm Hnh tri thftc khoa. .. khda sinh vien fliuc hifn fliudng xuydn nhit, vdi X = 2,50, xdp flift bac Tuy nhidn, su khdc vd mftc cdc nhdm ky ndng flidnh phin cua KNTH d cdc khda sinh vien cung flid hifn khd rd: Vdi sinh