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II of PHAT TRifN DOI NGU GIANG VIlN TRIfDNG CAO D A N G Ki THUAT O ThS, NGUYEN D A N G LANG* Trong thdi kl hdi nhdp qudc t l vd todn edu ve PTNNL Id dudng Idi chu truong chfnh sdeh djnh hda, phdt tril[.]
II of PHAT TRifN DOI NGU GIANG VIlN TRIfDNG CAO DANG Ki THUAT O ThS, NGUYEN D A N G LANG* rong thdi kl hdi nhdp qudc t l vd todn edu ve PTNNL Id dudng Idi chu truong chfnh sdeh djnh hda, phdt triln ngudn nhdn lye (PTNNL) Id chiln luge cua cdc qudc gia NNL dugc hilu Id todn bd trinh chuyin mdn md ngudi tich luy dugc, nd dugc ddnh gid coo vi tilm ndng dem Igi thu nhdp tuong lai Cdch hilu ndy cdn hgn hep, chi gidi hgn trinh chuyin mdn cua ngudi vd chua ddt ro gidi hqn v l phgm vi khdng gian euo ngudn lye (1) Xet trin blnh diln chung, «PTNNL Id mdt phuong hudng cy the euo phdt triln ngudi V l mdt gid trj, phdt triln ngudi Id gia tdng gid trj noi chung cua ngudi, cdn PTNNL Id gia tdng gid trj su dyng cua eon ngudi PTNNL chu yeu Id phdt trien mdt cdng cy euo ngudi, nhu mdt ngudn tdi nguyin, mdt ngudn vdn vd mdt ngudn ddng lye qud trinh phdt trien"(2) Phdt trien ddi ngu gidng viln (GV) chfnh Id PTNNL, Id ehdm lo xdy dyng dgi ngu GV du ve sd lugng, vung ve chdt lugng, ddng bg ve co edu vd logi hlnh, vung vdng ve chfnh trj, chuyin mdn vd nghilp vy du sue thye hiln ed kit qud myc tilu vd ke hogch OT euo ede nhd trudng O l phdt trien ddi ngu GV cdn tiep can PTNNL chu yeu theo cdc hudng dudi ddy: Odng vd Nhd nudc to ludn coi trgng PTNNL Id chiln luge euo each mgng Cdc Vdn kiln Ogi hdi Ddng, ddc bilt Ogi hdi IX cua Odng khdng djnh «ldy eon ngudi Idm NNL Id mgt bo khdu dot phd di vdo CNH, HOH, Id dilu kiln d l phdt huy ngudn lye ngudi, yeu td eo bdn di phdt triln xd hoi, tdng trudng kinh t l nhanh vd b l vung" (3) Nghj quyet Oai hoi XI euo Odng til'p hjc ehl rd «phdt triln, ndng coo chdt luong GD vd DT, chdt luong NNL; phdt trien khoa hoc cdng nghl vd kinh t l tri thuc"(4) Phdn dd'u dot cdc chi tilu, dd «Ndng coo chdt luong NNL dap ung cong cudc CNH, HOH, hoi nhdp kinh t l qudc te euo ddt nude"(4) Chien luge euo Odng hudng cho sy phdt triln dgi ngu GV cdc frudng CDKT thdi gian tdi Li ludn phdt trl^n ngudn nhdn lye PTNNL cd nhilu cdch hilu khdc nhau, phdt triln bd sung theo tien trinh Ijch su the gidi vd ddn tdc Hilu thudt ngu ndy theo nghTa rdng, PTNNL Id Idm tdng kinh nghilm hgc dugc mot khodng thdi gian xdc djnh 6e tdng co hoi ndng coo ndng lye thye hiln cdng vile UNESCO (1) cho rdng khdi nilm PTNNL theo nghTa hep «PTNNL Id Idm cho todn bg sy Idnh nghe cua ddn cu ludn ludn phu hgp h-ong mdi quan he vdi sy phdt trien cua ddt nudc* Td chuc Lao ddng the gidi hieu khdi niem PTNNL bao hdm phgm vi rdng hon «khdng chi Id sy chiem linh trinh hdnh nghe hodc vd'n de OT ndi chung, nnd cdn Id sy phdt trien ndng lye vd su dyng ndng lye dd vdo vile Idm cd hilu qud, cung nhu thdo mdn nghl nghilp vd cudc sdng cd nhdn" Hg su dyng khdi nilm ndy boo gdm GD, DT vd su dyng tilm ndng eon ngudi nhdm thOc ^°y phdt triln KT-XH vd ndng coo chdt lugng cudc sdng Phgm Minh Hgc (2) li gidi PTNNL ddng nghTa ^di phdt trien todn dien ngudi (PTTDCN), ""d «PTTDCN Id mot yl'u td Ijch su mang tinh " / '^^d^ ve gidi phdng ngudi, gidi phdng ^dn toe, gidi phdng xd h d i ' Ngl hdm cua sy P^^^^ ^^ien eon ngudi trude hl't Id «gidi phdng ^ ° " " ^ ' ^° ^^°^ ^y phie'n d i l n , que qugt, the ^°° ^ ° tinh trgng bj bde lot vd sy phdn cdng 'ao^dng kieu cu phuong thuc tu bdn chu "9"''°'' PTTDCN Id «Phdt trien vd van dyng dugc ^ ° ° " ^^ ° ^ " ° " khil'u the lye, tri lye cua "g^^'' ^® ^f ' " d t phdt trien hdi hdo due vd * ° ' ' P^°^ ^'''®" ^°°'^ * ° ° " "^^^"9 "0^9 Wc sdn cd" PTTDCN Id «phdt triln cd tfnh, ndng khilu, * Tnrdng Cao dang dien tit - dien lanli Ha Npi T Tap ehi Giao due so 6 (ki - 7/2011) phdt trien cd nhdn ngudi vdi y nghTa dung ddn chdn chfnh cua no" PTTDCN Id «de cao ngudi, nhdn mgnh tfnh phong phu euo ngudi" PTTDCN Id «phdt trien hodn todn, ddy du, trgn ven, " Thuc trgng phdt trien ngudn nhdn luc nudc la Thye trgng PTNNL Viet Norn dugc nhdn xet, ddnh gid d nhung muc khdc Phgm Minh Hgc (2) cho rdng «N6i mdt each khdi qudt, NNL nudc to dang Id sy don xen trinh euo cdc nudc dd phdt triln coo thdi kl cdch mqng cdng nghilp Idn thu nhdt, cdch mgng cdng nghilp Idn thu hoi vd thdi dgi cdng nghe thdng tin, kinh te tri thuc Chung ta phdi DT, bdi dudng NNL chuyin sang mdt nen kinh t l thj trudng djnh hudng xd hdi chu nghTa theo dudng Idi hdi nhdp, md euo h>c Id phdi chu y tdi dgi ngu lao dgng, dgi bg phdn Id loo dgng ndng nghilp, cd ddi ngu lao ddng phye vy co hdo, dien khf hdo, lan tin hgc hdo Chung to phdi chudn bj mdt NNL phye vy cd bo nen kinh te: kinh t l ndng nghiep, kinh te cdng nghiep vd kinh te tri thuc" Hdi nghi TW6 (khoa IX) nhdn xet: mdc ddu cd nhieu cd gang h-ong DT NNL, nhung lao dgng quo OT khdng dgt ehi tilu tu 22-25% nhu NQTW2 (khdo VIII) de ro Chdt lugng OT NNL, nhdt Id d bde OH, nhin chung cdn thdp so vdi myc tieu GD vdi yeu edu nhdn lye phye vy KT-XH vd trinh cdc nudc khu vyc Ndi dung phuong phdp dgy hgc DH chua ddp ung tdt yeu cdu ehudn bi nhdn lye cho cdng nghiep hda rut ngdn vd trinh chua theo kjp phdt triln khoa hgc, cdng nghe hien dgi Cdng tdc bdi dudng vd su dyng nhdn tdi nhu Id ddu tdu euo ddi ngu nhdn lye chua dugc quon tdm dung muc, «thieu co che, chinh sdeh de trgng dyng cdn bd khoa hgc vd nhd gido cd trinh coo" vd nhieu chfnh sdeh ddi vdi khoa hgc, cdng nghe chua dugc ban hdnh Cdn bd khoa hgc vd cdng nghl cd trinh coo cdn it, cdn su dyng chua tdt, dang bj ldo hoa, it ed dilu kiln cdp nhdt kien thuc mdi Sy hang hyt v l cdn bd Id nghiem trgng, nhd't Id iTnh vyc khoa hgc CO bdn (3) Cdc tdc gid (1) de edp «Hien trqng thj trudng loo ddng Viet Nam" nhdn xet: ti l l loo dgng qua OT cdn thdp; chi sdtdng hgp veGDvd NNL nude tachidgt3,79/10, thua kem rdt nhieu nude khu vyc; sy thdnh thqo ve tieng Anh vd cdc cdng Tap ehi Giao due so 6 (ki 2.7/2011) nghe coo cua ngudi Viet Nam chi dqt 2,62/10 vd 2,5/10 Lye lugng loo ddng ndng nghiep van Id chu yeu Khu vyc cdng nghiep vd djch vy eo tdc tdng vile Idm, song cung chi thu hut khoang 30% sd vile Idm hdng ndm Loo dong khu vyc nhd nudc chilm ti nho I