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JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE Educational Sci 2011, X''''ol 56, No 4, pp 83 87 CONG NGHE DAY HOC HIEN DAI VA VIEC NANG CAO HIEU QUA DAY HOC MODUL KI THUAT CHUNG VE O TO TAI CAC T R U C J N G CAO D A N G NGH[.]
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE Educational Sci 2011, X'ol 56, No 4, pp 83-87 CONG N G H E DAY HOC HIEN DAI VA VIEC N A N G CAO HIEU QUA DAY HOC MODUL KI THUAT CHUNG VE O TO TAI CAC T R U C J N G CAO D A N G N G H E Tang Van Hoan Tntdng Cao ddng nghe Cd dien Hd Ndi E-mail: tangvaiihoanPgmail.com Tom tat Bai \'ict nghien ciiu mot sd van dl cP ban vl Cong nghe day hpc hien dai, tilp can qua trinh day hpc Modul Ki thudt chung ve d to theo Cong nghe day hpc hien dai Dl xuit sP thilt kl bai day Modul Ki thudt chung ve d td theo Cong nghe day hpc hien dai da gdp phin nang cao hieu qua day hpc bp mon D a t van de Trong nhiing nam qua vdi sii ddng gdp khdng nhd ciia dpi ngii giao vien, can bd quan 11 giao due, nha khoa hpc, su nghiep giao due dao tao nghl dang tiTng budc phat triln ca vl quy md va chit lupng dao tao Tuy nhien, qua khao sat chiing tdi nhan thay, da sd sinh vien cac trudng Cao ding nghl diu gap khd khan viec linh hdi phan kiln thiic Modul Ki thugt chung vi d td \'\ vky chiing tdi da nghien ciiu va thiic nghiem li luan vl Cdng nghe day hpc hien dai, gdp phin nang cao hieu qua day hpc bd mdn 2.1 N o i d u n g n g h i e n cu'u Mot s6 khai niem va dinh nghia ccf ban v i Cong nghe day hoc hien dai Cdng nghe day hoc hien dai: Cdng nghe day hpc hien dai dupc hilu la cdng nghe day hpc vdi phUPng tien, phuPng phap va kl nang thdi dai thdi dai cdng nghe thdng tin va truyin thdng Phuang tien day hoc: PhuPng tien day hpc dupc hieu la nhiing san phim hoan chinh ngudi tao nhim gdp phin tUPng tac giiia ngudi day va ngudi hpc qua trinh day hpc [3] Phuang phdp day hoc (PPDH): PPDH la tdng hpp cac each thiic hpat dpng cua ngudi day va ngudi hpc nhim thiic hien tot cac nhiem vu day hpc [3] 83 Tang Van Hoan Nhung nguyen cdng chinh cua hoat ddng day hoc: Bao gom mot sd cdng viec: chuin bi (nghien (lin chucJng trinh va kl hoach day hpc lien quan, lap kl hoach day hoc mdn hpc, soan bai/giao an, chuin bi thi nghiem); Ihi.rc hien (len ldp, hudng din thuc hanh, hudng dan thao luan, hudng dan an); kilm tra va danh gia [3] Kl nd.n.g day line: Ki nang (hvy hpc la kha nang ciia ngiidi day thirc hien mdt each cd kit (]ua cac hoai dpng/cong viec ciia minh de dat d\U}e muc dich da>' hpc da xac dinh bfmg c;ich lira chpn va ap dung nhiing each thiic hanh dpng phii hpp vdi ngudi hpc, dir'u kien, hoan canh va phUPng lien nhat dinh 2.2 Nang cao hieu qua day hoc Modul Kl thuat chung ve to tai cac tru'dng Cao dang n g h l De nang cao hieu (pui day hoc Modul Kl thudt ch.nng ve d td tai cac trUdng Cao ding nghe lac gia de xuat s() dd thiet ke bai flay Modul Ki thudt chung ve d to theo Cdng nghe da\' hpc hien dai nhu sau: Nhanh Mgc tieu bai hpc can dat dugic Tiem ning ciia ngirai hpc Nhanh So sanh Nhanh Thiet ke npi dung hpc t^p {cdu Inic nqi dung) Thirc hifn vifc day hgc V ^ dyng cac phirang phip, kj ning d^y hpc Nhanh Thiet ke cac ho?it dpng dpy ho^t dpng nh^n thijrc cua hpc sinh Thiet ke moi trudng va phuang tifn dgy hpc Sd Thiet ke bdi dg,y Modul Ki thudt chung vi to theo Cong nghe day hgc hien dg,i SP dd the hien mpi lien he chat che giiia cac td cua qua trmh day hpc 84 Cdng nghe dg,y hgc hien dai vd viec ndng cao hieu qud day hgc Hieu qua ciia day hpc la su kit hpp kheo leo giiia nhilu td dl tao mdt quy trinh rd rang vl logic va npi dung Vay, ddi hdi giao vien phai hien va tuan thu nhiing ki thuat nhit dinh dk van dung vao viec day hpc 2.2.1 Muc tieu cua bai hoc La he thong kiln thiic, ki nang va thai dp ma ngudi hpc phai dat dupc sau bai hpc vdi thdi gian xac dinh 2.2.2 Tiem nang ciia ngifdi hoc Dupc xac dinh tren muc tieu cP ban da cd ciia ngudi hoc trudc llnh hdi tri thiic mdi dd la: kien thdc ki ndng vk thdi .Ngoai ra, can xem xet tdi cac yen td khac nhii: sd thich, mong muon, nang khien, to chat ciia hp Tuy nhien, vdi viec xac dinh ngudi hpc tilm nang thdng qua cac mdn hpc van hda phd thdng nhu hien na}' se khdng phan anh dupc day dii \ l hp Song, bing \iec xac dinh thdng qua cac bai test va he thdng bai thi.rc hanh ao se cd dupc kit cjua tUPng doi toan dien vl ngudi hpc tilm nang va dd la cP sd cho viec thiic hien nhiing cdng viec tilp theo 2.2.3 So sanh So sanh giua muc tieu ciia bai hpc, chupng hpc, mdn hpc vdi ngudi hpc tilm nang d thdi dilm xac dinh Tii viec so sach giao vien se cd dupc mot cai nhin tUPng doi diy du ^'a toan dien vl ngudi hpc tilm nang va dd la cP sd cho viec thilt kl ndi dung, phuong phap lira chpn phUPng tien van dung vao qua trinh giang day cua giao vien \'i du: Doi vdi bai Nhdn dgng ddng ca ki, yeu ciu \e muc tieu d trinh dp Cao ding nghl la: Sau hpc xong ngudi hpc cd kha nang: phat bilu diing khai niem vl dpng cP ki; trinh bay diing nguyen li hoat ddng cua ddng co ki qua dd thi phan phdi khi; so sanh dupc Uu nhupc dilm giiia ddng cP diesel \a ddng cP xang; xac dinh diing hanh trinh hoat ddng thuc t l tren ddng cP: chii ddng va tich cue hpc tap Ben canh do, thdng qua cac bai test, cac bai thuc hanh ao, cho kit luan cP ban vl ngudi hpc tilm nang nhu sau: kiln thiic van hda phd thdng dat trinh trung binh, kiln thiic vl cac mdn hpc cd lien quan nhu: ve ki thuat, vat lieu cp khi, dung sai lip ghep, dat trinh dO trung binh, tu vl kl thuat ciing nhu ki nang tinh toan dat trinh dp trung binh, kha nang thich iing vdi nghl dat trinh dp trung binh, chua thiic sii thich thii vdi mdn hpc Qua dd, so sanh, phan tich, phan loai ngudi hpc tilm nang dl cd dupc nhung kit luan lam cP sd cho nhiing cdng viec tilp theo 2.2.4 Thilt kl noi dung hoc tap Ndi dung hpc tap la doi tupng ma ngirdi hpc cin phai llnh hdi dl dat dupc muc tieu bai hpc thdi gian xac dinh Viec thilt kl npi dung hpc tap diia tren kit qua ciia viec so sanh giUa ngudi hpc tilm nang va muc tieu ciia bai hpc Do vay, thilt kl se cd nhiing npi dung cd thi phai chia nhd hoac rit nhd, cd npi dung 85 Tang Van Hoan can phai long ghdp, cd noi dung phai kit hpp nhilu npi dung, kiln thiic lien mdn, lien nganh lai vdi nhau, Ngoai ra, thilt kl can phai chii y den viec lUa chpn l)hirpng tien, phiiPng i)liap day hpc cho plni hpp vdi tiing dieu kien, hoan canh cu thi Can phai xem xet noi dung nao, ddi tupng nao thi dimg may chieu vat the, may chieu (pia dau, Noi dung iiiio thi van dung nhiing phim mim cd sin hay cin tdi viec Ihiet ke phan mem di\y hpc rieng, \'i du: \pi vi du () muc 2.2.3 de dat muc lieu ciia l)ai hoc npi dung cP ban cua biii hoc bao gdm: Khai niem ve ddng cP ki, nguyen li lam viec ciia fldiig cP ki so sanh Uu nhuoc diem giiia dong cP diesel va dong cd xang xac dinh cac hanh trinh lam vice tlu.rc te ciia dong CP I ki Wii ndi dung nhu tren nlu day hoc bing phan l)ang va tranh ve thong tliUdng thi rai khd dat duoc muc tieu dav hoc bdi le: phai can mdt lupng Idn thdi gian cho vide mo ta va giang giai c' hpc cin thiet kl npi dung, dieu kien va moi trudng hpc tap hpp li 2.2.5 Thiic hien viec day hoc Dupc hilu la truyin thu va tilp thu cd td chiic noi dung kiln thiic da dupc xac dinh Khi thuc hien viec day hpc can phai tuan thu cac nguyen tic sau: Thd nhdt: ngudi hpc la trung tam, la tac nhan chinh ciia cpia trinh dao tao Tint hai: ngudi day la ngirdi hudng din td chiic \a giiip dd Thii ba: mdi trudng se anh hudng tdi ngUdi day \a phupng phap day din iigudi hpc va phUPng phap hpc mdt each tUPng hd 2.2.6 Danh gia bai hoc Danh gia bai hpc phai dupc lien hanh lien tuc de xac dinh tinh hieu qua va sii phu hpp ciia bai hpc, xac dinh nhirng thuc t l tdt va xlu, dl xuat nhiing thay ddi dl nang cao chit lupng dao tao Cac phuPng dien danh gia dd la: Tinh hieu qua ciia bai hpc, tinh hieu suit ciia bai hpc, tinh kinh te ciia bai hpc tmh phii hpp ciia bai hpc Xgoai cung can xet tdi cac vlu td nhu: Miic dp hai long cua ngudi hpc, kit qua dat dupc cua ngUdi hpc, \'iec \aii di.mg kiln thiic cua ngudi hpc vao cdng viec, Vdi viec \an dung CNDH hien dai vao viec danh gia se mang tinh khac quan, dam bao thdi gian va dp chinh xac 2.2.7 Nhanh 1, 2, 3, La nhfrng viec ma giao vien phai thuc hien lai sau da cd kit qua cua viec danh gia Tuy nhien, tiiy theo tieu chi va ty le dat/khdng dat cua ngudi hpc dl quylt dinh tdi viec lira chpn viec cin thirc hien lai 86 Cdng nghe day hgc hien dai vd viec ndng cao hieu qud day hgc 2.2.8 K i t qua thij'c nghiem Qua trmh triln khai thuc ngliiem su pham cho thay, quy trinh va phuPng phap thuc nghiem su pham la diing din Kit qua thuc nghiem la kha quan, da gdp phin nang cao hieu qua day hpc Modul Ki thud.t chung ve d td tai cac trudng Cao dang nghl Kit luan Nhu \a}- da din liic chiing ta can phai tim hieu \a nghien ciiu ki liPn ve Cdng nghe day hpc hien dai, xa>- di.riig mot cP sd li luan viing chic lam can ciif cho viec cai tiln, ddi mdi phUPiig phap day hpc, nham nang cao hieu qua day hpc bd mdn, phil hpp vdi yen ciu cua thdi dai Ngoai cin phai trang bi them cho ddi ngii giao vien, dac biet la giao vien da.\- nghl kiln thiic vl Cdng nghe day hpc hien dai, cdng nghe thdng tin va truyin thdng de hp cd thi doi mdi phuong phap day hpc va dd la mot hudng di phii hpp vdi xu thi hien nay, cin dupc nhan rong va tilp tuc nghien ciiu TAI LIEU T H A M K H A O [1] Dd Xgpc Dat, 2000 Bdi gidng li luan day hoc hien dgi Nxb Dai hpc Quoc gia Ha Xpi [2] Phan Trpng X'^gp, 2005 Day hoc vd phuang phdp day hoc nhd trudng Nxb Dai hpc Su pham Ha Xdi [3] Xguyin Xuan Lac, 2010 Bdi gidng Li luan vd Cdng nghe day hoc hien dai Trudng Dai hpc Bach khoa Ha X^pi ABSTRACT M o d e r n teaching technology and enhancing t h e efficiency of teaching Modules general engineering on automobiles at vocational colleges The paper researches some basic issues of modern teaching technology The approach to teaching modules, general engineering on automobiles basing on modern teaching technology Proposed scheme design lesson module teaching technology general engineering on automobile based on modern teaching technology has contributed to raising the effectiveness of teaching this subject 87 ... nhat dinh 2.2 Nang cao hieu qua day hoc Modul Kl thuat chung ve to tai cac tru''dng Cao dang n g h l De nang cao hieu (pui day hoc Modul Kl thudt ch.nng ve d td tai cac trUdng Cao ding nghe lac... la diing din Kit qua thuc nghiem la kha quan, da gdp phin nang cao hieu qua day hpc Modul Ki thud.t chung ve d td tai cac trudng Cao dang nghl Kit luan Nhu \a}- da din liic chiing ta can phai... bdi dg,y Modul Ki thudt chung vi to theo Cong nghe day hgc hien dg,i SP dd the hien mpi lien he chat che giiia cac td cua qua trmh day hpc 84 Cdng nghe dg,y hgc hien dai vd viec ndng cao hieu