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KY TNURT VA COKG HGHl HRNH CHINH iifoifNG PHAN MEM MicROion PomitPoim IQONG IHIET KE VA WtfC HI$H BAl GIANG PGS TS l£ THI VAN HANH* I NMlu ngMen cflu cM ra ring, ngudi hge, ddc Met Ik ngudi tradng tii[.]
PowerPoint giflp giing cdch lOgfeh thi , cd th so dd, dm n kiiu chtt kh hdi Giing cho phdn nd J mufin, cd 76 KY THUAT VA CONG NGHg HANH CHINH Hong thuc td cho thdy, nMlu giing vidn cM ngfii bdm mdy tfnh rfii dgc sGde vk cd phucmg tifin "nhic bki hd", giing vidn chdiig cin thufic bki! Trong nMlu trudng hgp, giing vidn cM viec biin len mkn hlnh nhttng slide cM cMt teikn chtt dugc copy tft woid rfii dgc! So vdi nhttng tinh hufing nhu vdy, phuang phip giing bki trayin thfing ed trao d& hai cMlu thfing qua eac ciu dfi, edu hdi vk co hfii tranh ludn cdn Men dai vk thknh edng hem nhilu! Thi hai, khdng nen xem viec sft dung PowerPomt Ik phuong tien chuyin tii vk trtah chilu tokii bd gido dn Khi ngudi giing vien ehuin bj gido dn bki giing, thudng sft dyng vdn vidt, cdn giing bki, giang vien sft dung vdn ndi kit hgp vdi cic eft cM i ^ ngdn ngtt dl nhdn manh hodc thi Men thdi dd, cim xflc dtfi vdi vdn dl cin ttlnh biy Khi sft dung I\)werPoint, thi khdng thi trtnh diln cic slide dugc chuin bj bang vdn vidt idi dgc, hodc cung khdng thi trinh (Gin cic sG(le vdi nhttng cdu vdn ndi (vl ndi, giing vien cfi thi sfta ddi, bd sung nMlu thknh phin lim cho ciu vkn frd nen sinh ddng, dl hilu hon) Dfing thdi, cung cd thi giii thfch thdng qua nhilu phudng phip vk dftng nMlu kiiu ngdn ngtt - dilu mk giang vien khdng didn ti ndi trdn cic slide Thi ba, khdng ndn xem viee sft dung PowerFVjint Ik phuong tien bd trg giii tn lim eho ngudi hgc bdt cdng thing Thyc td, nMlu ngudi da ngM nhu vdy ndn phdt huy tfii da cic tidn fch cfta POwoFomt nUlu mku sic, chen nMlu hlnh anh, dm thanh, thdm cM ci cdc hlnh inh dfing dl gdy dh tugng vk tao cim giic thoii mil cho ngudi hgc thyc tl, kU sft dung PoweiFomt uieo cdch nhu vdy, ngudi bgc khfing cdn quan tfln din nhitag thdng didp chfnh ciia bki giing ngoki vide chfl J ddn nhttng cM tift phu cfta viectiiidtkd sGde Thi tu, khdng ndn xem vide eung cdp cho hgc vien cic sGde bki giing Ik di di trang bj tki lidu dgc nhk TAP CHi OUAN i t NHA tViiX - sd 194 (3-2012) NMlu giing vien cho ring kittiiflcbki giing cM cin ttang bj cho bgc vien cic sGde bki giing Ik dft di hg ty hgc thdm d nhk Hiy nMdn, thye tl, cic sGde bki giing cM cd thi dugc Miu mdt cich dflng din kM kdt hgp vdi vide nghe giing trdn ldp va dgctiidmtki Gdu tham khio Trong nhilu trudng hgp, ede giang vidn da "dd khdc, dd cudi" kM nMlu hgc vidn "bd nguydn xi" nfii dung cic sGdes dl tta ldi cac edu hdi tlii, din ddn tlnb ttang tti Idi edu hdi "cut Iftn", cdu khfing edu, J khfing J! Thi ndm, ndnttauddi Icy ndng tMIt kd vk thue Men bii giing dftng PowerPomt Khfing phii chi bidt ky thudt sft dung thknh thao PowerPbmt Ik cfi thi thye bidn thknh efing bki giing bing phuong phip nky Ngugc lai vdi quan niem cho ring, sft dung PowerPoint, giing vien khdng cdn thudc bki vl cd cie slide giflp cho giing vien nhd dugc ngi dung bki giing Do vdy, ldi khuyin d ddy sft dung thknh cfing viec dftng PowerPoint, cdc giing vien ein phii thufic bki din mflc cd thi Iinh boat xiy dyng dugc kich ban theo J mufin vk cho tftng dfii tugng hgc vien tai I(^ hgc Tft mfit sfi ban chlttongviec sft dung PowerPomt, chflng tfii dua mfit sfi bf quylt dl tMIt kd vk thyc hidn thkifli edng bki giing nhu sau: Mdt li, eich tMdt kl sGde bki giing ding powerpoint Dl ed till tMdt kd duge ndi dung cdc sGde bai giang, giing vidn phai thudc bki Dl tu tm trayin tii mdt lugng kiln thflc, giing vidn cdn phai Miu bilt nMlu hem din 10 lin KM thudc vk lkm chft dugc ndi dung bki giang, giing vidn cin pbii lkm duge thknh thao cic budc sau: Budc 1: Xiy difng bdn dd tu duylcdy vdn ii: hay tudng tugng ring, vide tiinh bky vdh dl cho nhttng ngudi chua bilt ^ hodc bidt rfl ft, di tlm Idgfch tMch hgp nhfl cbo viec tMIt k l kich bin bki giing titi 77 KY T H U A T VA CdNQ NGH$ HANH C H I N H nhttng giing vien nMlu kinh ngMem diu bidt cich xiy dyng cdc kich ban bii giang khac cho tttng dfii tugng bge vidn C^n dfii voi giing vidntte,dl cfi dugc kich bin bki giang, cin phai bilt each dung phucmg phap "ve bin dd ta duy" (mind mapping) bode cdy vin dl (problem ttee) di xdy dyng mfit bflc ttanh Ifigfcb nhttng vdn dl mk giing vidn cin ttlnh bky Mfit bki giang thknh cfing la bki giing dugc thyc Mdn theo mfit chudi Idgfch cic vfli dl dugc ttlnh bky KM khdng xic djnh dugc Idgfch tiinh biy cic vfli dl tM cbo di ngudi giang vidn dd cd giang bai dflng theo cic muc giio trlnh thi cic hgc vidn vin se gdp khd khdn kft ntfi eic vdn dl vdi tdi gin 100 sGde, bing each copy cdc ndi dung tft word, rfii cMa nhd theo cdc slide KM giing bki, giang vidn dgc theo sGde, hoe vidn cung phai cdng mit dgc sGde vk cdm cfli gM chdp, khdng cin nghe giang! Trong nhttng midng hgp nhu vdy, giing vidn khd chi dfing thoit khdi cdc slide dugc trinh bky theo ngdn ngtt hkn Ifln (vdn vidt) vk Mdu qui eia bki giing thdp hon nMlu so viji vide cM giing bki nbung ed sy trao ddi hai cMlu vdi hgc vidn VI vdy, kM tMdt kd sGde, giang vidn ndn tudn thi mfit sfi nguyfin tic sau: 78 TAP CHi QUAN i t NHA tnsbc - sd 194 a.3ni-» - Cbi dua vko sGde cac J chfnh, thdm chf khfing nhdt tMdt phii dftng ci cdu ddy di hay mfit doan van (trft kM ban mufin ttich din mfit dinh nghTa cMnh xdc); Budc 2: Xiy difng y tudng vi cich si - CS chtt dftng ttong slide khfing dugc dung hinh dnh, sa dd, biiu dS minh hog: nhd qui 32; da phac boa duge "bfle tranh" Idgfch - Khfing ndnttinhbky qud ddng vl nhitag vdn dl cin trinh biy, giing vidn phii cd nhitag J tudng vl cdch the hidn mdi slide; - Khfing chfin ede hlnh khdng cd J "bflc tranh" dd mdt cich Mdu qui thflng qua vide sft dung ngdn ngtt, hlnh inh, so ngMa, khdng chen nMlu hinh dfing; dfi, biiu bang Trong nMlutiiictaghgp, - Ndn sft dung mku sic tuong phin, giing vidn cd thi dftng hmh inh dl ip sic net dung phfip in du kM dl cdp mdt vdh dl KM tao sGde, giing vien cd thi lim khd Trdn trang web cua Microsoft, giang titag budc theo cic tki lieu hudng din Hiy vidn cd thi tii vl rfl nMlu hlnh inh hd trq nMen, kinh ngMem sau cd thi giflp giing theo cdc chi dl khic vien tidt kidm dugc thdi gian nhu: Budc 3: Lap ddn yidi cuang trinh bay: - Tao mdt sGde chuin tdn bki giing (chfl sau kM da xde duih dugc kjch ban cia bki J lya chgn phdng chtt cho phft hgp, vtta dl giing vk each thi Mdn, giing vien phii lip nblii, vfta giy dh tugng); dkn J hay dl cuong cM tidt bki tiinh bky O - TMdt kdmOt sGde gdm: tdn dl muc vk budc nky, giing vien phii quylt djrfli ttinh ty cac ndi dung cdn trlnh bky, cdc boat mdt sfi gach ddu ddng vdi phfing chtt vk cd ddng kit hgp cin ttiyc Men, lugng thdi chtt tMch hgp; - Tft sGde tidp theo cU cin nhiy chufit gian cdn dugc phdn bd vk sfi slide cin sft vio slide trade vi kfch vko duplicate slide, dung cho mdi ndi dung sau dd, sft dung sUde da duge copy, bdi KM hokn thknh xoog budc tren, giing den vko tdn dl muc, dinh tdn dl muc mdi vien nen bit tay tMdt kd cdc slidetiinhl»y chen ldn, lkm Wdng ty nhu vay vdi phin Hai la, ydu cdu co bin kM tMdt kd eac ndi dung theo cic gach ddu ddng, cM vide sGde bii giing bdi den rfii ddnh ndi dung mfii chfin via Vide xdc djnh sfi lugng sUde vfta phai Ik Nhu vdy, giing vien khfing cdn phai chgn edn tiiilt Trong tiiyc tid, di thyc Mdn mfit lai phfing chtt, cd chft, ttft traimg hgp cin bii giing tilt, cd giing vidn da phii dung chdn cic hlnh inh minh hoa khic KY T H U ^ T VA CONG NGH^ HANH C H I N H bode sft dung them bilu, bing; - Hdp tuc lkm nhu vdy vdi cic slides cd bfi eye tuong ty (title: tin muc/ten phdn nfii dung; ndi dung duge trinh biy dudi hiMi thflc gach ddu ddng); Khi da cd bd sGde chuin cho mfit bki giing, giang vien cflng cd tbi dftng lai cdc slide cho bki giang khic bing cdch bdi den phin chtt vidt, rdi dinh miy nfii dung bki giing khic chfin Idn Ba Id, tao file ttlnh diln vk cdc file lien kdt Vide tao cdc slideridngbidt, sau dd lin lugt ttinh bky gifing nhu lit timg ttang sdeh Hiy nMdn, cd mfit each lkm khic giflp giing vidn ttinh biy thfing tui mfit cich Ifigfch hem, dd la tao mfit file trtnh diln (play) vk cic files Gdn kit Cich lkm rdt don giin: tao folder bki giing; copy tdt ci cic file cd lidn quan vio folder, tao mdt file bki giing: play; tMdt kd cic ndi dung Idm/cM'nh cia bki giing dueJi hlnh thflc cic gach diu ddng; tao dudng link gitta mdi J chfnh cia file play vdi cic file lidn quan folder bki giing dl md rflng J/cung cdp thdm dtt Geu, sfi lifiu lien quan hodc cung cdp them cdc khii mem/quan niem/quan dilm khdc Chdng han, folder bki giing cd file lien quan din vdh dl ttong bki giing Ik Fl; F2; F3 vk F4 Dfii vdi vdh dl 1, kM tao dudng Gnk vdi file lien quan Fl, giing vien cM cin nhdn chufit vko Fl l i nfii dung cfta file Gfin quan se bidn ldn Tutmg ni nhu vdy vdi cic vdh dl khdc Giing vidn cimg cd thi tao dudng link gitta cic sGde cftng mibt fUe (vf du, kM giang vien dang ttinh bkiy nfii dung cfta slide sfi 10, mutfn quay vl ngi dung cd lien quan d sGde sfi 3, giang vien ed till tao dudng luflc gitta hai sGde mk khfing cin phdi eU chufit tren mkn Mnh dl tlm slide sfi 3, vtta mfl tbdi gian, vtta lkm hgc vien phdn tin kM tbeo ddi giing vien lkm nhu viy nhfim: pbai bilt - uutidnstf 1; ndn bilt - uu tidn so 2; vk bidt tM tfit - uu tidn sfi Cdc nhfim nfii dung nky se thay ddi theo tttng dfii mgng hgc vien, vi vdy, cdn thay ddi tiiudng xuydn cac sGde vk thdi lugng ttlnh bky Bdn li, cich thyc Mdn bki giing dftng poweipomt Vide chuin bi slide tfit ehua di dim bio di ban thyc Mdn thkifli cfing bki giing dung PowerPoint Theo cic co sd dao tao cia mfit sfi nudc, ngudi ta cd ca trang tdm hdttgky thudtfrongvide tMIt kdcic edng cu hd trg giing day nhu slide, video, phim mdt cich chuydn ngMdp tbeo ydu cdu cia giing vidn Hiy nhidn, vide sft dung cic cdng cu nky mdt cich Mdu qua khdng don giin VI viy, da ehuin bj xong cic sGde bki giiiig, chflng ta phii chdc chin rdng da thudc bki; thudc kjch bin; trlnh diln thft nMlu lin dl lya chgn dugc cde phuong phip ttlnh bky kdt hgp; ldp kdhoach vl thfiri gian vk cdc boat ddng; du bdo dugc mfit sfi tlnb hutfng phdt sinh vk cich xft IJ Dfing thdi, dl dim bio vide thyc Men bki giing dftng PowerPoint thinh edng, giing vien cflng cin tudn thft mdt sfi yeu ciu sau: khfing dgc slide; nen sft dung kdt hgp vdi bang dl phdt triln J tudng cftng vdi hgc vidn; tdm tit/tdng kdt vdn dl; dfii vdi cic djnb ngMa vfta cMlu trdn slide, vita dgc cho sinh vien/hgc vien chdp; kdt hgp nhip nhing vdi cic phuong phip khic dl phat triin cic ndi dung cMlu ttfin sGde; ndn kit thfle mfli phin giing bing mdt sGde tdm tit cic vdn dl cMnh Bdn eanh dd, cin cfi ging ttinh mic nhitag ldi phd bidn nhu: cM ngfii dgc sGde; di xiyratlnb trang "dupGeate" (nghTa Ik vfta cMlu nfii dung ttdn sUde vfta vilt frdn bang); cac thdng tin ttdn sGde qui cM tilt, cu thi; KMtiiietkindi dung cho cdc sGde cung thuc Mdn qua nMlu thao tie vdi may tfnh nen cMa nfii dung ttlnh bkyttiknhba trlnh bky Q TAP CHi OUAN i t NHA NUdc - sd 194 (3-2012) 79 ... ring, sft dung PowerPoint, giing vien khdng cdn thudc bki vl cd cie slide giflp cho giing vien nhd dugc ngi dung bki giing Do vdy, ldi khuyin d ddy sft dung thknh cfing viec dftng PowerPoint, cdc... dugc Miu mdt cich dflng din kM kdt hgp vdi vide nghe giing trdn ldp va dgctiidmtki Gdu tham khio Trong nhilu trudng hgp, ede giang vidn da "dd khdc, dd cudi" kM nMlu hgc vidn "bd nguydn xi" nfii... bdm mdy tfnh rfii dgc sGde vk cd phucmg tifin "nhic bki hd", giing vidn chdiig cin thufic bki! Trong nMlu trudng hgp, giing vidn cM viec biin len mkn hlnh nhttng slide cM cMt teikn chtt dugc