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Nguyen Thi Thu Hang Tap chi KHOA HOC A CCJNG NGIIL 98(10)'''' 135 139 TMl/C TRANG Kl NAN(; SONG C l A IKK SINK TITli HOC D lN TOC TIUKIJ SO Ki l l \ IJC Mil N N i l PIJIA HAC [Nguyen rhi Thu Hang" li iio[.]
Nguyen Thi Thu Hang Tap chi KHOA HOC A: CCJNG NGIIL 98(10)' 135- 139 TMl/C TRANG Kl NAN(; SONG C l A IKK SINK TITli HOC D.lN TOC TIUKIJ SO K i l l \ IJC Mil N N i l PIJIA HAC [Nguyen rhi Thu Hang" li-iiong Dciiliai Su pluim Dll Hiiu Kginvn Hoc sinh lieu hpc dan uie thieu so lii nipi diii uipng giao due diic bieM, maiio nhilim dac diem iicni ve hoe tap lam Iv va guio liep DO v ice thge hien guio due iioi chung va gian due kT nang song nPi ncug cho cac em mang lai hicu qua doi hoi nhiing nha nghien eiru v.i -ia» due pliai xiiiii phat tir nhirng eo sd lhuc lien eo ban Bai v let nav \in uinh baj nhimg net co ban nh^I vi^ ki uanu sing eua hpc sinh tieu hoc dan loc diieu so voi hv vong no sO phiin nao cin dupe nhirng nel"co ban ve thirc irang lam ca so cho qua Irinh de \u,ii v,i iriln khai gu-io due kT niing son- cho doi lirpng hoc sinh n^y Til'khoa: kT niing kTiu'ing s-'mg liini hoe ddn idc ihieu sd DAI \ \ N DI-: phong viin siiu true liep hgc sinh lieu bpc diin Cac dan Idc thieu sd ( D l I S) o khu vue mien tdelbic'usodlSTHDITS) ni}i phia Bae Viet Nam ehii veu sinh sdng o Chimg ldi phiin chia KNS ciia IISLHDTTS nhirng vung niii eao nai co hau khae gdm nhom KNS co' ban vol 24 ki nang iighiet dja hinh hiem trd giao thdng di lai Ibanh phan va xay dung lieu chi danh gia kho khan nen chal lugng cudc song va trinh Mdl kT nang dugc danh gia rieng tbeo mii'c dan tri cdn rat thap Hgc sinh (HS) tieu hgc Tdt kha trung binh, yen Cae khach the a viing mii ngoai viec den trudng thi eac em duge yen eau danh gia theo miic diem: Tdl- phai phu giiip gia dinh de kiem sdng diem: Khii- diem: frung binh- diem; Chinh nhii'ng yeu id nhu: mdi truong sinh Yeu- diem, Tien hanh tinh diem trung binh song, dieu kien lap cua tirng kT nang phan va eiia mdi nhdm quan da \ a dang tao nhirng nguy co kinh te phong tuc kT nang Sail dd phan chia mirc KNS ciia thach thuc ddi vdi su phat trien cua cac em HSTHDTTS muc D i i m chenh noi chung va qua trinh giao due kT nang sdng (GDKNS) ndi rieng V i vay viec trang bi va giao due cho eac em nhu'ng nhdm kT nang song (KNS) dae thii phii hgp de cae em ed the sdng khoe manh la dieu dae biel quan va can thiet, NOI DUNCI Dedanli gia thue trang KNS ciia hgc smh lieu lioc DTTS chiing tdi da thiic hien theo hai dudng- tham khao lay y kien danh gia ciia 589 giao vien va can bd quan ly a tieu hoc da va dang cdng tae tai tinh: Yen Bai Bae Kan, Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang, Cao Bang, Hoa Binh noi cd nhieu hgc sinh lieu hgc DTTS thdng qua phieu dieu tra; quan sat va lech ciia thang duo'c tinh nhu sau: Dii'in chenh lech ciia thang " (Diem ldi da diem loi ihiciij Sd mirc dd Kel qua la: (4 - I) : I - 0.75; Viiy dicm cua mirc thang lanuic yen (Lir den dudi 1.75): mirc dd trung binh (lii 1.75 den du'di 2.5)- mirc kha (Tir 2,5 den dudi ^25); mue loi (Tii 3.23 d i n 4) Ket qua khao sal lirng nhdm KNS dugc the hien nhu sau: M i d m kT nan° giao tiep D I danh gia kT nang giao ticp cua hoc sinh t i l u hgc dan tdc thieu sd, cluing ldi da phan tieh KN giao tiep ihanh eac K N phan va kit qua lhuc trang KN giao tiep cua H S r U D T ' r S khu vuc mien nin phia Bae dugc Tel 09I2H69849 Email' hong.ipln'avalioi thdng ke va t h i hien bang sau 135 fyp d l l KIlOA H{,)C& CONG NGIIL 98(10) 135- 139 Itaiig li'mg hop ddnh gid nhdm K.\ giao nep sn Itieii liK'ii 13 1,6'«)7 II ile nong tae hoal dpng hoc Igp, Chu doni: Mil irinh bav ')a89 10 li-inhbiiy van de inianL 2.0796 Ne'l m(ll ur nhien mat lu i nghe, \S ur.o Su diingiai UI ehi diei bp phii hpi' ") Irg cho vi^c irlnh h.i; dugc Ihuvel pluic, 2.0389 s,in s.uu' hop UR V.I liiir ,m V iv'L nhom GV veu liiii 1296 uiie nhom 12 Chu doiu' dua I'a v kien done gop, ihpc liipn nhujm vu chung cua nhom 72^9 7167 I ang n^he Ion iioni' > kien, hanh done eua eat ban khae Irong nhdm 1796 fp dien ehinh duip nhan tliay din t.iii ihiel COI md hoa nluip voi b^in he, lluiv eo d Irirdng 3.1?.% Khong lion Hanh ngai imiinu kin lu'ip ngudi Ig, S667 11 Chu dpng ihao hoi, giao Hep liep vue, gap eringmrt quen, 0926 "^741 IJ Chu dpng cliiio hoi, giao lie|i lii'p viu yS\]i m>iiguin l^ Diet kiem the cam vue l o ihiii dp va taili tii \ir l u h cpc vdi nguui 0926 14 khae gOp niiin ihuiin IJiei each ihe hien va dira loi lu elioi b| ru re ga giim lim nhflng Viet khong ihich 2,1668 TB »TU Cae sii lieu Ircn eho lluiv cae KN giao tiep hgc Irong gia chai \ a cac hoal dgng ciia I I S I I I D I I S ehi a muc trung binh sinh boat tpi inrimg Ket qua quan sat cho (DTB 1668) mirc dg thuc Inen cac K N ihay: lrong giir hgc bgc sinh ihudng rat Iram pluin duoe Ihe hien khdng ildng dcu, khdng ehii y t^p irung vao bai giang cua co l i s thue hicn klui idi nhung KN giao tiep vdi guio su chu ddng gio tay xin phai bieu v doi lugug giao liep quen lliuge dae biet la kien nil it va chi tap trung vao mdi sd ca nhan thay cd ban be o trudng Nhung ciing eo nhat djnh ea lam vice nhdm khdng nhirng k i nang duire danh gia d mirc yen g i d hi,K Cling khdng sdi ndi khdng ed sir la: kha nang clui dgng dua y kicn dong iranh luan ban b.ie nlueu giira cac eii nhan gdp thuc hien nhiem vu chung cua nhdm hoc sinh I rong g i d eliai vii lrong eac hoal kha nang ehu ddng xin trinh bay ncu van de ddng sinh ho^il chung ngoai g i d hgc khdng lrong eac boat ddng hgc lap: kha lulng chu giao liep kbac ban vdi Idp hgc sinh ddng ehao lidi giao liep liep xiic gnp gd COI mo d m dong ,sdi ndi vii rat doan ket sir ngudi la vii kha nang su dpng cac en d n dipu Iranh duip bat dong mau ihuan rat it xay bd phii hgp de hd iro cho vice Irinh bnv duoe va hiiu nlur khdng eo Dieu ihe hien mpt lluiyel phuc ket qua kha tuong ddng voi y kien danh gia cua giiio vien ve mirc lhuc hien cac kT Ben canh v ice dicu Ira lhuc trang ihdng qua bang eau hoi ddi vdi giao vicn chiing ldi nang phiin Uong nhdm kT nang giao tiep quan sal va tb(rc hien giao liiip trgc liep voi cua eua IS THD I S lrong bang cau hdi hgc sinh Pluin Idn nluing I I S r i l D ' I TS mil Nhu Viiy ket qua khao sat ban dau cho Ihay: chiing tdi liep xiic lan diiu thudng riil r(il re va H S T H D r r S sdng coi ma chii dgng giao licp cd thai dd ngiii ngung mudn nc iniiili nhung voi ngirdi quen nlurng dura chii ddng, eon rut sau J lan liep xiie lam quen vii ihe hicn re giao licp vdi ngirdi la: budc dau co y nhfrng hanh dgng huu nghi (Uing quii ke thue lam viec nhdm G V ycu cau nhung cluiyen cimg lam vice cluing) thi thai dg eua cdn bj ddng, chua ehu dgng neu \ kien eae em da cd nhung chuyen bicn rd rcl cac cae boat dgng nhdm tap the nhung biet lang em cd thai cdi md clui ddng bon giao nghe va tdn trgng y kien ngudi khae: kha tiep va trinh bin van de cung the hipn sg nang the hien ngdn ngfr eo the khdng nhieu: rd rang, thuyel phue hon, Ben canh viec Ird kha nang giai quyet man thuan va ndi Idi tir chuyen true liep chiing tdi edn ticn hanh chdi cdn d muc thap quan sat eac hoal dgng eiia bgc sinh lrong gid 136 Nguyen Tbi Thu Hang Tap chi KHOA I IOC & CONG NGI IL 98( j Q) j 35 139 Nhom k l niing tu- nhan thire K l l qua danh gia nhdm kT nang l u nhan Ibirc cua H S I l IDTTS thdng qua bang can hdi dirge t h i hien bang Bang limg hop,hmh g '' KN Ur nhdn ihirc Bien hii;n iih,in Ihu vai iio quan lioiuj eiui h.m idoi I ilia dinh V hpi Hieu ro co the minh nhan hie-l din^ie sir tluiv doi eua co ihe ve miil ihl chiit vii tinh than xAc dinh dupe diem manh, diem ylu eiia ban than Xdc duih va danh gia nhnng viee han than d.i liim dugc \ae dmh huong plian d.iii nliCtng hanh doiiLi ban lluin ciin liuu va sc liim tuong kii _PTB _ L ^ _ nicniTIi Ihij hiil 2778 3889 I 7222 2.1111 Bang Tdng hcrp ddnh gid nhdm k\ quyel dinh vdHQVD Oicm Thii Bien hii^'n _ TB bae KN ddi mat voi v.in de mpl ciich lich cue (kim che cam xuc tieu cgc, tu 2,1 I 1 tin quyet tam guu quvet van de) KN tudny phiin tich van de de dira la cac each giai quyel 2,0741 8889 K \ ehui se bay lo quan dicm de tim kiliii su giup KN lu tin quvel lam thuc hien theo each giai quyet van de da chpn 2.0926 KN danh gia bieHi qua GQVD chia se lang nghe y kien cua ngudi khae 148! DTB 2,0630 TB Nhin vao bang ehimg la co the thay rang' tuong ddng nhin chung nhdm kT nang t u nhom kT nang t u nhan lhuc cua HSTHDTTS nhan thire ciia HSTHDTTS duoc the hien a duoc the hien d mire dd trung binh vdi DTB mirc trung binh O mirc dp nay, HS da la 2.1111, Trong dd k i nang dai muc tieu de nhan tlu'rc dugc moi quan he ciia ban than gia dinh va xa hpi; budc dau biet xae xae djnh duoc hudng phan dau cho ban than dugc danh gia d mirc thap nhat Ket qua dinh vai tro va trach nhiem ciia ban than doi phong van sau true tiep tren 25 hoc smh vdi \a] gia dinh nhung chua xae dinh duoc vai trd cac cau hdi: ^'Diem manh cua em Id gi.-'" ciia ban than ddi vdi xa hgi: viee nhan biel va (6/25 HS chiem 24% tra Idi dugc nhung chua danh gia duge nhirng thay doi ve mat the chat ro rang 19/25 HS chi cudi va khdng ndi gi va lmh than ciia ban than edn chua ro rang: lioac tra Idi "khdng biet" chiem 76%) "Diem chua danh gia dugc diem manh, diem yen cua yeu cua em Id gi.-"" (6/25 HS Ira Idi dugc ban than: chua bict dat muc tieu phan dau nhung eau tra Idi cdn dan gian, chua cu ihe cho ban than chiem 24% edn lai 76% khdng tra Idi duoe) Nhdm kT nang quyet dinh va giai quyel "Em den Irudng hc)c de ldm gl' " (7/25 HS tra van de Idi la de lay kien thirc, chicm 28% cdn lai Ket qua khao sat nhdm K N quyet djnh va 72% HS tra Idi don gian hoac khdng tra Idi giai quyet van de thdng qua bang cau boi dugc) "Neu dirac irdc mi)l dieu gi di) em se duoc the hien tren bang 3, irdc dieu gi.'" (4/25 hoc sinh ndi rd rang K i t qua t h i hien bang cho thay, nhdm irde mudn ciia minh va giai thich ly ehiem K N qiiylt dinh va G Q V D eiia HSTHDTTS 16%: 9/25 hgc sinh ndi diroc mong irdc ciia cung ehi d mirc trung binh K i t qua quan minh nhung cdn dan gian va khdng cd ly sat va phdng van sau tren 25 hgc sinh thdng ro rang, e h i l m 36%, cdn lai 12/25 hpc sinh qua tinh hudng cu the ciing cho thay; co 5/25 chi cudi va lac d i u , ehiem 48%) Dieu hoc sinh (chilni 20%) khong phan tich va xae cho thay giua y k i l n danh gia ciia G V va ket djnh duge van d l ckn giai quyet 10/25 hoc qua quan sat, phdng van sau hgc sinh cd su sinh (chilm 40 %) b i l t dira I phuo'ng an 137 Ntiuven Ihi I'hu ll.lng I'iipehi KIlOA ll(.)C& CONG NGHI gnu quvel vim de nhung khdng biel phiin lich vim de 2^ hoe sinh (chiem :X".,) biel dua la I phuang iin giai quyel vim de biel pluin lich nlurng dura hoim toiin chinh xiic: - '^'^ hgc sinh (chiem 12"") biel phim lich v.in de tuimg ddi rd rang va eo Ibe du.\ la duoe il nhal each gun quyel kluic cho v;iii dedo Hen canh plum Idn I IS t o n r(il re chua lu lin kill iib^iii nhiem vu ( i L ' ^ D ciing nhu la quyel dmh dua i.i plmoiig an giai quyel van de cua minh nong eae lmh luidng d n i n g loi phong vim ( d n en 25 hoe smh eo llun in Iin sail sang nh^in nliipni vu phong viin chieni 16%: V25 hoe sinh llie hipn sii i g iin di\l khoiil du.i eiiu ira lai ve quyel dmh ( i ( ) \ D mil ban Ihiin d.i lua ehon dnein 112" ) Nhin ehung dd\ voi ki nang i|iiyel dmh Vii (,(.)\'D, H S I I I D I IS budc dnii In duip nhiin gun quyel vim de nlurng edn niie-ii cuong bill bugc; dura ur lin vao ban lluin dua ciich (i(,)\ I) HS eo llie ilii.i duge phuo'ng an (r(,>\'D nhung khdng biei pluin lich ly dua phuang an dd ncu khdng cd su Iro giiip ciia ( \ ' hoac ngiriri khae Kbi xem xcl mdi tuong quan giua cac nhdm KNS cua HSTHDTTS chinig tdi Ihu dugc k i t qua n l i u d so dd So dd I cho thay, eac nhdm KNS cua l i s I H D I IS dcu cd nidi luong quan ihuan kha chat ehc vdi vdi he sii luang quan (r) dao ddng l u 0.5 den 0.6 xae sual xav ngau nhien nam khoang chenh lech ed y nghTa (p < 0.01) Dieu dd cluing to vice hinh phat tncn thuc hien thao nhdm KN sc tao dieu kien ihuan Igi lluic diiy sg binh thanb phat trien Ihue bien tbanli lIuio iihdni KN khae Ngugc lai vice phat Inen thue hien kem ihanh ihao nhdm K \ nav sc 98(10)' I3.S- 139 can lur sg pluil itien llnrc liipn cua idiniii K N khiic, N h u viiy KNS eun H S I I I D I I S la to hgp die nhdm K N ihanh pbiin ( himg ed moi quan h? lac ddng qua liii lan mdl citeh elini die loim dipn Trinh phat incn cua nhdm K N niiy lii co so hinh lii ycu td anh luriTiig den eiie nhdm K N kluic va nguoc l^ii, Chinh vi viiy viC'c thge hipn G D K N S eho HSI I I D I IS eau duac quan tam va ehii lrong ticn till ca cae iilioni K N khdng ncn chi coi Itgng vice ren luyen nhfrng nbom KN miy ma bo qua ho^c eoi nhp c^c nhdm K N khae Kl I I L A N KNS CO Viil lio quan irgng doi vdi su hinh ihimli vii pluil iriirn loan diCii nhiin ciieh cua moi ea nhim Chinh vi viiy, G D K N S hi?n uiiy III \,m de riil quan tiong vii can thiet khong ehi tIdi viri HS I I I D I IS ndi neng ma din voi nil ca sg ph.it Irien eiui mgi ea nhan xa hdi hipn dai, KNS cua H S I I I D I IS la tdng hdn giin bd luinig quan chat che cua cac nhdm kT tiling ihanh pluin sg hinh phal trien cua nhdm kT niing se tao dieu kien thiic tliiv sg hinh ihiuih va phat Inen ciia nhdm k i nang kluic Tuy nhicn hien nay, KNS ciia H S I I I D I IS a mien mii phia B k ehi dat duge a nu're di^ Irung binh Mdt sd kT nang cua hoc sinh tliroe giao vicn diinh gia d muc kha chu yen dugc llure hien mdi l i u d n g giao Hep xil hdi quen thugc xoay quanh nidi quan hp NOI ban be thav cd nhirng ngudi eung thdn ban Dicm Irung binh cua nhdm kT niing dugc diinh gi.i ed xap xi luong throng Irong dd K \ quyet dinh va G(,)\'l) duoe diinh gia lluip bon so vdi nhdm K N l u nh^n thire vii K N giao tiep Sd d l \ldi iiarng quan ve mirc dd ihitc hi^n cdc KNS cua HSTHDTTS Nguyen Thi Tbu Hang Tapchi KIlOA HOi & C()NG NGIIII TAI LIEU T H A M K H A O [1] Nguyen Thanh Binh, 2010, Gido trinh chuyen lie Guio due k7 ndng sdng Nxb Dili hpc su Pham Ha Npi [2] Pham H6ng Quang 2009 Td chirc ilav luu cho hoc smh ddn idc miin nui Nxb Dai hpc Thai Nguyen Thai Nguyen, 98(10): I."^5- 139 13] Nguyen Ngoc I hanh Nhirng dcu diem ldm ly xii hdi eua mol si) ddn idc il ngirdi phia Biic vd cdng idi vim ddng ipuin chiing, Tap chi Tam ly hoc, I 1996, "Ir 18-24, |4| UNl-,SCO Ila Niu vii Vien Chiin luge va Chmrng trinh giao due, 2006 Tdi lii'u gido due ky nimg simg cho ire em cd hodn canh khd khim SUMMARY SITUATION OF FTIINIC MINOKH V PRIMARY SCIIOOl, STUDI-M S' LIFL SKILLS IN NORTIIFRN MOINTAINOUS \RI \ Nguyen Thi Thu Hang ( allege ol Educalion I \ I Elementarv school sludents of ellinie minorities are an special educational object with specilic characteristics of learning, psychology and eoninuimcalion To gain certain achievements in life skill education for these studenis, researchers and educators should considei some factual bases This article presents the delinilion foi the niosi basic life skills of elemeniary school sludents of eihnic minoriiies in aim to indicate some actual features as a basis for proposing and implementing life skills education tor ihose students Key Hords: skill hW skills, primary, map, mind maps Ngdynhdnbdi 18/9/2012 ngdy phan hii-n 01 10 2012 ngdy duyel ddng 12/11 2012 Tel 0912 869849, Emad hangsplivajyahoa com ... phdng van sau tren 25 hgc sinh thdng ro rang, e h i l m 36%, cdn lai 12/25 hpc sinh qua tinh hudng cu the ciing cho thay; co 5/25 chi cudi va lac d i u , ehiem 48%) Dieu hoc sinh (chilni 20%) khong... sau hgc sinh cd su sinh (chilm 40 %) b i l t dira I phuo''ng an 137 Ntiuven Ihi I''hu ll.lng I''iipehi KIlOA ll(.)C& CONG NGHI gnu quvel vim de nhung khdng biel phiin lich vim de 2^ hoe sinh (chiem... dieu gi.''" (4/25 hoc sinh ndi rd rang K i t qua t h i hien bang cho thay, nhdm irde mudn ciia minh va giai thich ly ehiem K N qiiylt dinh va G Q V D eiia HSTHDTTS 16%: 9/25 hgc sinh ndi diroc mong