T A M Li H9C M N H Ll H 9 e LtfA TUtfl ANH HUdNG CUA GIA D I N H TRONG GIAO OUC GIA TRI CHO THANH THIEU NIEN Q ThS NGUYEN THj H I^N'''' Trude nhung bilu hl|n « l^h diudn* trong nhdn thue, thdi d$, tidnh[.]
T A M Li H C - M N H Ll H e LtfA TUtfl ANH HUdNG CUA GIA D I N H TRONG GIAO OUC GIA TRI CHO THANH THIEU NIEN Q T rude nhung bilu hl|n « l ^ h diudn* nhdn thue, thdi d$, tidnh vl v l dgo dOc, Idl sdng, gid tri (GT) s ^ g cua m$t bd phdn khdng nhd thieu nIdn (TTN) d nudc ta hl^n noy, vdn d l GT, djnh hudng gid hi (DHGT), gido dye gid hi (GDGT) h ^ thdnh mdt nhiJng thdeh thuc Idn hong chiln lupc hinh thdnh nhdn cdch ngudi mdi glal dopn phdt h i l n xdhdi hidn vd Id vdn d l dang rdt dupc quon tdm d nudc to Thyc 1^, hl$u qud gido dye todn di$n cOo nhd trvdng cdn nhilu hgn e h l v d dang di>ng trude mdu thuan: sy bOng nd ihdng tin vd cdch mgng khoa hgc, cdng ng/)# mgnh mS, khdi lugng tri thOc tdng /€n vdl glo tdc vd cOng Idn, thdi gian hgc tdp cua TTN hi$n d trudng c/nJ yiu ddnh cho trang bl tri thOc, ft chO f d^n viec htnh thdnh h$ GT, kfndng sdng dio cdc em Trude thye t l dd, glo dinh (GD) cdn thd'y dupc trdch nhidm vd vol trd to Idn cOa minh vide xdy dyng, bdi dudng GT eho TTN Khdi ni$m GT vd GDGT 1) Khdi nl$m GT GT Id thudt ngiJ dupe sO dyng nhilu ngdnh l^oa hpc vd ed nhilu djnh nghlo khde Tuy nhidn, v l co bdn: GT Id -jr nghia cuo nhiJng h l ^ hipng vdt chdt hoy Hnh thdn, cd khd ndng thda mdn nhu cdu Hch eye cOa ngudi Id nhung thdnh tgu ddng gdp vdo sy phdt triln cOo xd hdi ThS N G U Y E N THj H I ^ N ' ddng; 3) GT ddng vol trd quan trgng ddi sing cOa ngudi Cdch thOc vd hdnh ddng cOa eon ngudi hong xd hdi dupc chl dgo bdi cdc GT td cdi eon ngudi dya vdo d l xdc i^nh m ^ dich, phuong hudng cho hopt d$ng cOa minh D l cdp GT Id mudn khdng djnh mdt Hch eye, m$t ehinh didn; nd boo hdm quon d i l m col GT gdn liln vdi edi dOng, cdi tdt, cdi hoy, cdi d^p, thdi thOc ngudi hdnh ddng vd nd tyc vuon h^i GT Id mdt phgm trO rd't rdng, boo qudt mdt phpm vi rpng cdc quon h | cOo eon ngudi vdi ty nhidn, xd hdi, ddn tdc, thdi dpi, vd giai cd'p 2) GDGT Dd cd nhilu tdc gid h-ong vd ngodi nudc nghldn cOu v l GDGT vd dtro nhi/ng quan nldm khdc Theo chOng tdi, GDGT Id qud trinh, h-ong dd ngudi Idn (nhd gido dye) tdchOc cudc sing, hogt d^ng ph cho m^ cdch quon sdt, so sdnh, phdn Hch, ddnh gid edc GT vd phdn GT theo CO c h l ddng nhdt - bdt thudc mdt cdch vd thue vd ed y thuc N l u dupc sdng mdt mdi hvdng md d dd nhihig GT tdt d^p dupc cdc thdnh vidn hong i3D lya chpn vd cd thdi d $ , hdnh vl tuong Ong sd Id nhiJng ldm guong dupc cdc em b>dt chudc Idm theo mdt cdch dS ddng, tg nhidn vd h^ nguy|n Mdt khdc, n ^ cdc thdnh vidn G D cd hdnh vl khdng phu hpp GT, chdng hgn: bd m^ khdng hdo thudn, khdng tdn h-png vd khdng hvng thyc vdi nhau, ddt GT vdt ehdt tin h-dn GT Hnh thdn ehdc chdn dilu ndy sd cd dnh hudng tldu eye d i n nhdn thOc, tinh cdm vd hdnh vl cOo cdc em h-ong vi|c hinh thdnh GT 2) GD Id chd dga tlnh thdn vOng chde nhit glOp TTN nhdn dl^n vd hinh thdnh GT dng lit dgp Trude sy phdt h-lln mpnh md cOo nln kinh id - xd h d i chdt lupng sdng mfil GD dd dupe ndng Idn rdt nhilu Bdn epnh sy ddi thay tieh eye dd, cDng kdo theo thye hrpng m^t bd phdn gidi h-d cd Idl sdng phdn GT, phd vd nhiJng GT hvyin thdng, nln n i p glo pliong cOo GD Vl|t Nam, nhu: Idl sdng fch kf, «ldnh cdm' vdl cdc quan h | xd hdi; thdm chf, G D ode thdnh vidn khdng cdn quon tdm tdi nhou, sdng khlp minh, thyc dyng, Ddi vdl TTN - glai dopn lOa hidi md cdc phdm chdt tdm If phdt triln chua dn d|nh, Hnh cdm dS thay ddi, ^ ehf d i b| khudt phyc, dc phd phdn dong phdt triln rdt mpnh vd tudn chju dnh hudng Idn bdi nhiJng tdc ddng hdn Do dd, cdc em rdt d l mdt phuong hudng nhdn dl|n GT, dfin d i n tinh hrpng xudng cdp vi dgo dOc, Idl sdng, tdi phpm vd bpo tyc Chdng hgn: nhiJng vy niJ sinh ddnh nhau, quay clip tung Idn mgng hay bgo lye hpc dudng ngdy cdng glo tdng vd ed chllu hudng diln id^ phOc h?p R5 rdng, nlu chi ed nhiJng nfi Iyc tO phfo nhd trvdng vd cdc td ehOc xd hdi vl|c djnh hudng vd hinh thdnh GT cho TTN ehdc chdn s8 chua md cdn sy tham glo Hch eye cOa GD noi vOa Id ehfi dya Hnh thdn ed tdc dyng nhu «b$ Ipc" mang eo d\i dilu chinh nhitng h k ddng da phuong, da chllu hudng, da Hnh chd^ (tfch eye, Hdu eye) ddng thdi cd vol h-d tu vdn, glOp dd em thich ung vd hda nhdp vdl cudc sdng hi|n dpi nhung vfin gin glCt, phdt huy nhiJng GT vdn ed, h ^ CO sd H ^ thu cd chpn tpe nhiJng GT mdi 3} Tlnh cdm GD cd si>c mgnh cdm hda, thuyit p/iyc vd kfch thfch, dliu chtnh, dliu khl^ Ihdl quen, hdnh vf, ihdiddcOa TTNlrong qud Irinh hinh thdnh GT G D dupc h?o Idp trdn CO sd hdn nhdn vd huy^ thdng, quan hd gliJo cdc thdnh vidn hong G D Id quon h | ddc bi|t - quon h | finh cdm rvdt thjt, Hn c ^ , dilo sd vd ydu thuong, thdm chf hi sinh cho nhou Hong cudc sdng Cd dupc d i u dd Id nhd Hnh cdm G D , nhd sy ydu thuong ddc bi|t md chl cd K> G D N l u xd h$l c6 phdp kidt chl phdi, d i l u khiln vd dilu ehinh hdnh vl, nhd trudng ed cdc quy tdc, ludt l| thi GD eOng od sOc mgnh cdm hda ngudi mdnh ll|t Tap ehi BI6o dye s6 wd a - a/aoia) dd Id nhd tinh cdm GD Chfnh dilu dd da tgo cho trd niem tin vdo nhOng ngudi thdn ydu nhd't, Hn vdo sy dOng ddn h-ong nhdn thuc, hdnh vl cOa ho, dd Id dilu ki^n thudn lpl d l dgy h-d nhChig bdi hpc v l GT cd hidu qud Cho m? bilu Id sy ydu thucmg, ddng tlnh, Ong hd, hodc td thdi dd h>c gipn, h-deh phgt, khdng ddng finh vdi sy nhdn thOc vd hdnh vi phu hpp GT cOa edc em dd Id sy khfch Id, dilu chinh vd dilu khiln nhdn thOe, thdi dd, hdnh vi cOa h * h-ong qud trinh hinh thdnh GT Tlnh cdm G D cdn giup h * edn bdng nhiJng khOng hodng, mdu thufin vd ddu honh vdl nhOng mdu thufin glQa edi c6 GT vd phdn GT, hinh thdnh d ede em x6c cdm, Hnh cdm ddi vdl edi GT cudc sdng nhung biln ddng tdm - sinh If quo cdc giai dogn giao rfidl; ddng thdi, cdp nhdt nhiJng ddi thay cOo cdc em thdi dgl mdi, ndm bdt dupe nhirng nhu edu, nguydn vpng cOa cdc em; nhin nhdn sy khdc bl^t mong tfnh chdt «thdi d p i ' vd « t h l h^" cdch tu duy, hdnh ddng cOo cdc em vdi t h i hd trude; 4) Thdng nhdt cdc tdc ddng gido dgc: ngodi vl^c giiJo cdc thdnh vidn H-ong GD (cho, m?) phdi ed sy thd'ng nhd't nhin nhdn, ddnh gid vd tilp thu GT; G D cdn cho ddng kit hpp chdt chd vdi nhd trudng vd xd hdi, khoi thdc dnh hudng tfch eye vd ngdn ngOo nhCJng tdc ddng tidu eye cOa ede mdi trudng dd qud trinh hinh thdnh GT eho cdc em Dilu ndy cdng trd ndn quan trpng 4) Anh hudng cua GD din vl$c hinh ihdnh dilu ki|n hl|n nay, mdi trudng xd hdi phOc GT d TTN mang Hnh thudng iaty6n, lidn Igc vd h;p vd cdc t | npn xd hdi dang rinh rdp trd, Idu ddi (^idng qua co ehiluy^n tdp, cung d) nhirng hdnh vl dl ngupc Ipi GT cOa mdt bd phdn Mol cd nhdn h> luc sinhraetio din tOc hvdng tfidnh gidi trd cOng dang cd sue Ion tda Idn, gdy edn ludn cd G D bdn epnh Ddi vdl TTN, ngodi thdi h-d cho qud trinh hinh thdnh h | GT d TTN • gian hpe d trudng, hdu hit cdc em diu hdr v l vdi GD, h/ hpc hodc tham gia cdc hogt ddng, sinh Tdi lifu tham Idido hogt tpi GD cOng cdc thdnh vidn nhu cho me, anh t Phfun Minh H^c "Phuong phdp ti€p cdn ho^t dOng chj em Do dd, nhdn thOc, quan dilm s ^ g , thdi - gid tr) - nhdn cdch vd tnit Ii gido di^c" T^p ctii Khoa dd vd hdnh vi ddi vdi GT cOng Idc d ^ g tdt cdc em hQC gido dfic, sd 15, 2006 Nguyin Dijc Quang "Djnh hudng myc tldu, nOi hdng ngdy, thudng xuydn vd lidn h^ Ngay cd dung gido dye gid trj van h6a truyin thCfng cho hpc thorn glo vdo cdc hopt ddng xd hdi hay cdc hopt sinh ph6 thOng" Bdo c&o t6ng Ic^t 6.6 tdi khoa hoc vd ddng d trudng, mfil cd nhdn cung t h i hidn mpt cOng ngh$ c ^ Bo Vi^n Khoa hoc gido dye Vi$t Nam phong cdch ridng, ddc trung, mang dd'u dn vd Hd NOi, 2009 diju dnh hudng h> cho me, hoy cdc thdnh vidn Huitt, W Values Educational Psycbology khdc hong GD minh Cd thi ndi, hd GT phd b i ^ Interactive Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University, eOo G D se Id nhiJng GT dupc edc em uu Hdn lya 2004 from http://www.edpsvcinteractive.Qrg/topics/ chpn vd dnh hudng sdu sdc din moi hdnh vi, cdch affsys/values.html flip cdn vd thdi dd cOo cdc em hv6c cudc s ^ g Huitt, W Important values for school-aged cliildren and youth: A preliminary report Valdosta, cung nhu h-ong cdc mdi quan hd x3 hdi GA: Valdosta State University Fundamental Values Mdt sdydu cdu su phgm nhdm ndng coo of Academic Integrity - University of Waterloo, 2003 vol h-d cOa G D ddi vdl GDGT eho TTN http://www.lib.uwaterloQ.ca/ait/values.html D l phdt huy sy dnh hudng tfch eye cOa G D The Values Education Study Report was supported ddi vdi vide hinh thdnh GT eho TTN, G D cdn by funding from the Australian Government cho ^ mdt sd ndi dung sou: 1) Nhdn thi>c dung Department of Education, Science and Trainhig ddn v l GT vd Id nhung ngudi Hdn phong - nhung http://www.values-education.CQm/links.php tdm guong tdt nhdn thOe, thdi d d , hdnh SUMMAY vl dOng mye, phu hpp GT; 2) Coi trgng vl^c Family plays an Important role not only In formagin giCr nhCrng GT cdt Idi, ddng thdi djnh hudng tion ofcharcjcters for each person in general, but also cho h-d fa-ong vide nhgn dl^n, tilp thu nhiJng In values education for children In pcsHcular This arGT mdi - Hnh hoa vdn hda cudc sdng ticle analyzes some of the basic impacts oftamllyon values education, also stiows a numt>er of educahi^n dgl; 3) Cd kid'n thOc tdm If hpc lua hidl tional requir&iments to Improve the role of family In TTN - dd, ddc bidt edn quan tdm d i n tt^ process for adolescents Tap ehi Blao due so (M a • s/aoia) ...2 A n h h u d n g cOo G D dd''i v d i G D G T cho TTN Qud h-lnh gido dye ndi ehung, GDGT ndi ridng cho TTN, chju h^e ddng cOa nhilu nhdn td cho quon (cdc nhdn td bdn h-ong cOa bdn thdn qud... id chOe xd h$i , h-ong dd, G D Id khdu ddu Hdn, d$t nln mdng quan trpng cho sy phdt triln nhdn cdch ndi chung, hinh thdnh GT d mfil cd nhdn ndi ridng 1} GD Id trudng hgc ddu Hdn mang Igl cho. .. G D bdn epnh Ddi vdl TTN, ngodi thdi h-d cho qud trinh hinh thdnh h | GT d TTN • gian hpe d trudng, hdu hit cdc em diu hdr v l vdi GD, h/ hpc hodc tham gia cdc hogt ddng, sinh Tdi lifu tham Idido