CHIAN U GIAO DUC VAN DUNG TIT TlTdNG DAO DÛ C HO CHJ MINH XAY Dime NEN GIAO DUC TRONG GIAI DOAN HIEN NAY TS MAI CONG KHANH ThS DANG XUAN CANH" T u Wong dao diJc Ho Chi Minh la si/ l(e IhiJa tnjyen th[.]
CHIAN U GIAO DUC VAN DUNG TIT TlTdNG DAO DU^C HO CHJ MINH XAY Dime NEN GIAO DUC TRONG GIAI DOAN HIEN NAY TS MAI CONG KHANH - ThS DANG XUAN CANH" T u Wong dao diJc Ho Chi Minh la si/ l(e IhiJa lam thdi Ngay tai phlen hpp thu nhat cua Hoi ddng tnjyen thong van hoa Viet Nam, sir hoi ty cOa Chinh phu, 3/9/1945, Ngudi da de nghi 'Ma tinh hoa van hoa nhan loai; nhung quan chien dich dechong nan mu c/j(/"va 4/10/ hcfn la the hien tir tudng cua hpc thuyet chu nghla 1945, Ngudi "Ldikeugoitoan dan chong nan that Mac-Lenin Trong su nghiep each mang Oang ta hoc" Phat dpng phong trap cho'ng nan mu chi? Ho lanh dao, viec van dung sang tao hocthuyetchO nghTa Chi Minh mong mud'n moi ngudi dan deu "Bielhgc, Mac-Lenin, tu tudng Ho Chi Minh la van de co tinh biet Viet chi/quoc ngu"&& "Nang cao dan tri", "Giu nguyen t^c song cua dan tgc Hoc thuyet chu vOng nen doc lap"va "Lam cho dan manh nude giau" nghla Mac-Lenin, tu tudng Ho Chi Minh dUdc quan Oe xay dung nen GD nude nha, Ho Chi Minh da tfi?t moi chu tniong, ducfng loi cua Oang va Nha neu nhieu quan diem rat quan trpng, xuat phat va song hanh vcrithuc tiln phat trien cua dat nude NhiJng nude, doco ITnh vuc GD-DT Quan diem xay dung nen giao due (GD) quan diem ay tap tmng d mpt sp npi dung: 1) Thuc Men muc lieu cua GDIaBT Ihe he giai doan hien Ho Chi Minh la anh dan tpc Danh nhan conngudlmdiquadayvahpc.TheoHoChiMmh, van hda the gidi; Ngudi la lanh ty thien tai, sang lap day va hpe la de md mang dan tri, nang cap kien va ren luyen Oang ta; la ngudi thay mlu muc, ngudi thuc, boi dudng tu tudng dung dan va tinh cam cao cha than yeu cua ca dan toe Ngudi da dao tao (OT) dep, pham chat sang va phong each lanh manh nhieu the he can bp each mang dam xa than vi dpc eho nhan dan 06 la OT nhiing ngudi vda cd l^p tudp, hanh phuc cua nhan dan; huan luyen va diic, vda cd tai, nhiing cong dan biet lam chu de OT nhieu nha hoatdpng chinh tri Idi lac, nha quan ddng gdp tich cue vao su nghiep xay dung va bao ve sutai ba; dat nIn tang cho sunghiep GD Viet Nam flat nude Hpc khong phai de chay thep b5ng cap, theo phuong chSm dan toe, khoa hpc va dai ehung; ma phai co thuc hpc, gpp phan xay dung dpi ngutri ket hop khoa hoc vdi li luan, li luan vdi thuc tiln dat thiic cang dcng dap va cd trinh dp cao Nen nude tdng giai doan each mang cua Ijeh si} GD phaiOT nhung Idp ngudi ketue sunghiep each mang, xay dung dat nude glau manh va van minh cua dS't nude Sau gianh duoc chinh quyen ve tay nhan de theo kip cao nude khac tren the gidi", 'sanh vai dan, viec xay dung nen GD mdi da duoc dat rava la cung cac eudng quoc nam chau" Tinh than ay dupe mpt nhiing nhiem vu cap bach phai tien hanh CO dpng cau ndi bait hij cOa Ngudi: "Vildiich mudinam Ihiphiilrong cay, vi lai ich tram nam Ihi ngay: "Chung la co nhiem vu cap bach la phai GDlai nhan dim la Chiing ta phai lam cho dan loc ehung phaitrong ngudi"l,2) Md mang dan tri - ehiic nang co ban nhat ciia la Ira nin mqidin Iqc dung cam, yeu nirdc yeuiao dong, mdldan locxOng dang vdlnudc VielNam docGD, theo Hd Chi Minh phai bit dau tOrviec xoa nan /ap'(1) Bay la nhiJng viee lam dau tien cua Ngudi mu chu, ehd'ng giae dot, nang cao dan trinh dp; ket sau Cach mang Ihang Tam nam 1945 thSng Ipi hpp pho' cap vdi nang eao, bien nude ta mpt Trong hoan canh cue ki kho khan cua chinh quyen nude van hda Thuc hien tu tudng Ho Chi Minh ve mdi bS'y gid, Ngudi da xac dinh diet giacdol\a mpt ba nhi^m vu cap bach nhat cua Chinh phij * TnOag Di( bi dai hoc ddn toe SAm Stfn Tap chi Gido due so 309 | (ki 1-512013)- GD,phong trao xda nan mu ehd, chdng giac dot, binh dan hpc vu, bd'tuc van hda, T tri thuc mdi da dem lai nhiing tuu het sue me rd sudtthdiki viira khang chien, vua kiwi quoc cua nhan dan ta 2) Caicach GD dexaydtmg he thong trudng Idp vdi ehuang trinh noi dung day va hoe khoa Ape,/top//^p/TU/iop Npi dung GD phai gom ca van hda, chinh tri, khoa hpc - kithuat, chuyen mon nghe nghiep, lao dpng Ngudi tdng ndi vdl nien cac chau phai co g i n g hpe tap k! thuat, van hda, chinh tri Trong dd, phai chu y hpc chinh trj, vi neu chi hpc van hda, kithuat ma khong cd chinh tri thi nhu ngudi nh^m m^t ma dl Hpe chinh tri la hpc chu nghla MacLenin va dudng loi quan diem cua Dang de hieu rd nhiem vy each mang, dong thai xay dung eho ban than phuong phap nhan thuc dung d^n tardc nhUng diln bien phuc tap cua cudc song, tddd vung tin vao II tudng each mang, tranh dupe mpi sai lam Ho Chi l^lnh yeu cau phai hoc mot each sang tao (khong hoc mpt each giao dieu); hoc can than (khong hpc qua loa dai khai) Hpc ehd nghla Mac-Lenin, Ngudi ndi khong phai la de Ihugc sach laulau", de biet "Cu Mac noi the nay, cu Lenin noi the kia', ma "hoc tap cai tinh thanxt) trimdviee, doivdi moi ngudi va dolvdiban than minh; la hoc tap nhihg chan li bien cua chu nghTa Mac - Lenin deap dung mot each sang tao vao hoan canh thuc teeua nude /a''(2) Theo Ho Chi Minh, nen tang GD chinh trj va lanh dao tu tudng tot, phai nang cao chat lupng van hda va chuyen mdn, nh§m giai quyet cac van de each mang dera.de mpt thcri gian khong xase dat den dinh cao cua khoa hpe va kl thuat Mud'n day manh su nghiep GD phai phoi hpp ca ba khau: Gia dinh, nha tn/dng, xahgi Suyeu kem, loi long dbat cu khau nao cung deu han che ket qua cOa GD, cd the dua lai nhdng hau qua khdng the ludng tn/dc vdi the h^tre ehung ta dang de eao va khuyen khich) Van de ket hop hpc va\ tu hpc, OT vdl tuOT da dupe Ho Chi Minh dat tu rat sdm Bay ehinh la quan diem rSt dung dan tu tudng Ho Chi Minh ve cupnglinhGD 4) Khong ngung nang eao dang tri Nang cao "dan trr\a muc tieu cua GD vdi cac tang Idp nhan dan Rieng can bpdangvien, Ngudi ddi hoi "Phalnang cao suiu duang ve chu nghla Mac-Lenin de dung lap tn/dng quan diem, phuang phap chu nghla MacLenin ma tong ket nhung kinh nghiem cua Dang ta phan tich mot each dung dan nhOng dae diem cua nude ta Co nhu the, chiing ta mc^co the dan dan hm duae quy luat phat tnen cua each mang Viet Nam, dinh duae nhung dumg loi, phuang cham budc dl cu thecua each mang xa hoi chu nghla thich hop vdi tinh hinh nudeta" (3) Viee nang eao kien thuc khoa hpe kithuat cho can bp, dang vien ludn dupe Chu tieh Ho Chi Minh quan tam Ngudi yeu cau can bp, dang vi6n phai hpc van hda, khoa hoc, kl thuat, kinh te, quan li; Ngudi ndi: "Can bo ehinh tri phai biet kithuat, khong biet, chi chinh trisuong khong lanh dao dU(X"\/i "Ailanh dao nganh hoat dgng nao thi phai bletchuyen mon nganh ay"(4), nhu vay mdi khdng rol vao tinh trang lanh dao ehung ehung, quyet djnh nhung van de ma chinh minh cung khdng hieu biet NhiJng chi dan eua Ho Chi Minh cang cd y nghTa quan trpng de can bp, dang vien nang cao tri tue dieu kien dat nude di vao nen kinh te thj trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chu nghTa TutudngcuaHoChiMlnhvlxSydungnenGDIa mpt hethong quan diem hoan ehinh Neu nhijng quan diem ay dupe thuc hien dong bp se dem lai nhiing tuu Idn cho GD Viet Nam Ngay nay,vdisuphat then khong ngung cua dat nude eung nhu the gidi; dat nhiing ddi hoi, thach thu'c Idn cho su nghiep 3)Hge dmginoi, moi luc, hoc mgl ngudi, hoe GD-OT nude nha Vi vay, ehung ta cang phai tap trung suot dai; coi tuhge, ttiBT Hpc dtrudng Idp nghien ctiu day du, toan dien tu tudng Ho Chi Minh ve ehl la mpt phan, chu yeu la hpc lao dpng, GD, de cd nhung utig dyng thich hop, dua sunghiep cdng tac va hoat dpng thuc tiln Ho Chi Minh tdng GD nude nha phat tnen, dap dng sumongdplcuaxa khing