Phi Thi Hieu vd£)/g Tgp chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 105(05) 59 63 QUAN NIEM CUA SINH VIEN KHOA TAM LY GIAO DyC TRU''''CfNG DAI HQC Sl/PHAM D^I HQC THAI NGUYEN VE NANG KHI^U VA GIAO DUC TRE EM CO NANG KHIEU[.]
Phi Thi Hieu vd£)/g Tgp chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 105(05): 59-63 QUAN NIEM CUA SINH VIEN KHOA TAM LY-GIAO DyC TRU'CfNG DAI HQC Sl/PHAM - D^I HQC THAI NGUYEN VE NANG KHI^U VA GIAO DUC TRE EM CO NANG KHIEU TRI TUE Phi Thj Hieu', Bdn Thi My Trudng Dgi hgc Suphgm - DH Thai Nguyen T OM T A T Trong bai bdo, cdc tdc gid da chi tim quan trpng ciia vi^c nghien ciru quan ni§m vl ndng khieu; phan tich nhdng d^c diem cua quan ni^m d sinh vign khoa Tdm ly-Gido dye vl ndng khieu vd gido dye tre em c6 ndng khieu tri tue Kit qud nghign ciiu cho thiy: da si khdch thi c6 quan nigm phii hop vdi nhii'ng quan ni^m hien dai vg ndng khieu Tuy nhien, quan niem ciia hp cdn mang tinh ty phat va chtra dyng nhieu mau thuan Dieu d6 doi hoi phdi cd nhO'ng bien phdp phit hap de nang cao nhan thirc cho sinh vien ve vdn de ndy Tir Ithod: quan ni^m, ndng khieu gido dgc tre em co ndng khieu, nang khieu tri tue, smh vien O nude ta, viec phdt hien vd boi dudng nhirng hpc sinh cd ndng lyc cao ludn ludn dupe dac biel quan tdm Tu nam 1965, chien tranh chdng My euu nude dang dien dc liet, Idp chuyen Todn ddu lien Ihudc Dai hpe Tdng hgp Ha Npi da Auac lap Day la cai mdc danh dau sy xuat hien he thing trudng chuyen, lap chon ddnh cho hgc sinh ed nang khieu Tuy nhien, ITnh vuc gido due tre em cd ndng khieu van xdy nhieu bat cap, mau thuan va lung timg Theo dng Hd Due Viet, nguyen Trudng ban Td chuc Trung uong, chii nhiem de tdi khoa hgc ve cdng tae nhan tdi: "Cong tdc nhdn tdi d nuac ta hi^n dang CO nhimg hgn che, bdt cap Do chung ta thieu nhiing muc tieu cu the, nhimg chuang trinh, ke hogch tong the nhimg gidi phdp mang tinh chien lu^c cong tdc phdt hien, ddo tgo, boi duang, thu hiit vd trgng dung nhdn tdi nen chua chii y tai nhiem vy theo doi qud trinh phdt trien cua nhUng mam mong tdi ndng duQC phdt hien sam cdc trudngpho thong vd dgi hoc " [7] Sy hinh thdnh vd phdt trien ndng khieu chju dnh hudng eua nhieu yeu td bao gdm ea nhirng yeu td di truyen va nhirng yeu td xd hgi Ngoai nhung ly thuyet khoa hge ve nang khieu duge xdy dyng tren nhirng sd li?u khoa Tel- 01656634388 Email- hieusptn{ hpc Ihyc nghiem dugc cac nha nghien cuu sir dung, cugc sdng ddi thudng cdn tdn lgi nhijng quan niem ve nang khieu vd ngudi cd ndng khieu Nhirng quan niem cd the dnh hudng manh me den viec phdt hien va hien thyc hda ndng khieu cua ngudi Sau lot nghiep Dai hpe Su pham, nhieu sinh vien (trong dd cd sinh vien chuyen ngdnh Tam ly-Giao dye) se trd gido vien d cdc trudng hgc, noi cd nhiing hpc sinh, sinh vien cd nang khieu tri tue theo hpc Hg cung cd the hogt ddng nhung ITnh vyc khdc lien quan ldi van de giao due ngudi tai, ngudi cd nang khieu Dieu cd nghTa sinh vien Su phgm ndi chung, sinh vien khoa Tam ly-Giao dye ndi rieng se la lyc lugng chinh cdng tdc phal hien, dao tgo va bdi duong hpc sinh ed ndng khieu tri tue sau Nhii'ng hieu biet ve ndng khieu, hpc sinh ed ndng khieu tri tue dnh hudng tryc liep ldi hogt ddng nghe nghiep eQa hp tuang lai Vi vay, nghien ciiu quan niem ciia sinh vien ve nang khieu tri tue, tren co sd de cac bien phap nang cao nhan thirc cua hp ve van de Id viec lam cdp bach Xuat phdt tir nhiing ly tren, thang 09 nam 2012 ehiing ldi da lien hanh nghien ciru quan niem ciia sinh vien khoa Tam ly-Giao dye trudng Dai hpc Su pham Dai hpe Thai Nguyen vl nang khieu va nhirng dgc diem tam ly ciia hpc sinh cd nang khieu Iri tue Vdi 59 Phi Thi Higu vd Dig Tgp chf KHOA HQC & CONG N G H $ myc dich nghien ciru phdt hipn va so sdnh, chung tdi da lya chpn sinh vien ndm Ihu nhal (K47) va ndm Ihir ba (K45) lam khdch Ihl khao sal Cac phirong phap ca ban dupe chiing tdi sir dyng Irong nghien cuu la: mieu ta ty do, dicu tra bdng Anket, dam thogi va phuang phap sir dyng todn thong kc dc xir l_\' kC't qud nghien ciru Khach the ciia phuang phap mieu la ty do: 56 sinh vien nam thir 3, 38 sinh vien ndm thir nhal So lugng khdch the tuong irng ciia phirong phdp dieu Ira bdng Anket Id 56 va 41 sinh vien Quan niem vi ndng khieu Yeu eau khach the lya chpn nipt so cdc y kien vc ndng khieu dupe dira bang hdi, chiing tdi thu dugc kel qua nhu sau: Bang Quan ni^m ve ndng khieu Cdc kh^ng dinh SVK45 (N=56) SVK47 (N-41) Tong s i (N=97) 34 35,0% 59 60,8% 3.6% 19 46,3% 20 48,8% 4,9% 4,1% / Nang khieu Id yeu to bdm sinh giiip cho ngirdi thuc hien thdnh cdng hoat dgng ndo dd mgc dii hp chua timg duac hoc tdp, ren luyen Irong Imh vuc Ndng khieu duac hinh thdnh Irong cugc song vd hoal dong cua ngudi Id kel qud ctia su tuang tdc giira nhirng lien de lot ve mat sinh hgc vdi nhdn to gido due, linh lich cue hogt dgng cua cd nhdn Ndng khieu dugrc hinh ihdnh Irong cugc song vd hogt dgng lich cue ciia ngirdi khong dua tren hdi ky lien de bdm sinh ddc bi^i ndo Kel qua bang cho thay: - Khoang 1/3 (35%) khach the da lya chpn y kien '"Ndng khieu Id yeu td bdm sinh giiip cho ngirdi thuc hien thdnh cong hoat dgng ndo mgc dii hg chua timg dugc hoc tap, ren luyen iTnh vuc " N h u vay, nhirng khdch the c h o rdng nang khieu Id hien t u o n g d u g c dinh sdn bdi di truyen Quan niem tren triing vdi nhii'ng khdng djnh eiia nhd 60 105(05): 59-63 nghien ciru ngudi A n h F.Galton ciing nhieu nha nghien ciru khac va nhiing quan niem ve ndng k h i l u d n u d e ta m a theo dd cdc nhan to sinh h p c giu- vai trd q u y e t djnh s y hinh thdnh vd phdt triin Iri tup, n a n g khieu [5] - D a so khach the c h o ning 'Ndng khieu dugc hinh thdnh cugc song vd hgat dgng cua ngm'/i Id ket qud ciia su tuang tdc giira nhimg tien de tot ve mgt sinh hgc vdi nhdn id gido diAc tinh tich circ hogt dgng ciia cd nhdn" (60,9%) K e l qud phii h p p vdi nhifng quan niem hi?n dgi v e ndng khilu da d u g c c h u n g minh bdi c a c nhd tam ly hpc [1;3;4] Phan ldn cdc nhd l a m ly h g c thira nhdn rang m u c d p , tinh d p e ddo eiia chat lugng vd ddc diem ciia s u phdt trien ndng khicii ludn ludn Id ket q u a ciia s y tdc dpng qua lai phirc lgp giu'a nhirng t u chat bam sinh vdi mdi t r u d n g van h d a xa hdi thdng qua hoat dgng ciia d u a tre (vui c h o i , hgc tap, lao ddng) D d n g t h a i , tinh tich c y c cd nhan eiia dua tre vd c a CO che tam l\ ciia s y l y phdt trien nhan each - nhirng cai ldm c o sd c h o s y hinh vd hien thuc hda t u chat cd nhan - cd >' nghTa ddc biet quan trpng - C h i cd , % khach the quan niem 'Wong khieu dugc hinh thdnh cuoc song va hogt dong tich circ ciia ngirdi khong dua tren bdt Ai tien de bdm sinh ddc bi^t ndo" Tren thyc le, k h d n g the cd bat ky s u phal trien tdm ly n a o ciia n g u d i neu thieu di lien de sinh hgc N h u \ a> theo kel q u a md chimg toi thu d u p e , da sd khach the coi di Iruyen la tien de chir khdng phai nhan to q u \ e t dinh s y hinh ihdnh va phat trien ciia ndng khieu - C d s y khdc biet quan niem ve nang khieu Clia hai n h d m khach t h e Cy the: sinh vien K (nhirng khach the vira mdi nhap hpc, chira dirge Irang bi kien Ihirc ve tam ly ngirdi), chii yeu lya c h o n cdc khdng djnh ( , % ) va ( , % ) vdi so Iugng y kiln la l u o n g dirong (1 Ndng khieu Id yeu l6 bdm sinh giup cho ngudi thuc hien thdnh cong hoat dgng ndo mdc dit ho chua ldng dugc hoc tdp ren luyen ITnh vuc Ndng khieu dirac hinh thdnh cuoc s6n% vd hoal dong cua ngudi Id kel qud cita s\f Phi Thj Hieu vd Org Tgp ch! KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE tuang Ida giira nhung tien di tot vi mat sinh hgc vdl nhdn to gido diic, tinh tich circ hogt dong ciia cd nhdn) N g u g c lgi, khoang 2/3 (69,6%) sinh vien K45 lya chgn khdng djnh Theo chiing tdi, nhirng hieu b i l l nhal dinh v l tam ly ngudi va eae yeu Id anh h u d n g d i n sy hinh thdnh, phat triin tam ly ma sinh vien K45 cd d u g c lir cdc mdn Tam ly hpc, Giao due hpc da tgo nen sy khdc biet Q u a n niem ve viee giao d u e t r e e m cd niing khieu tri tue Khi nghien ciiu quan niem cita sinh vien ve viee gido due Ire em ed ndng khieu tri tu? chung tdi yeu eau khach the lya chpn vd danh dau vao mdt p h u o n g an tra Idi d cdc khang dinh khdc nhau: Hoan todn ddng y (HTDY), ddng y (DY), khd trd Idi (KTL), khdng ddng y ( K D Y ) , hodn loan khdng ddng y (HTKDY) vd thu d u g c ket qua nhu sau: Ket qua bang cho thay: Cd sy doi lap cdu trd ldi ciia cac khach the ve viec nen phat trien nang khieu cita Ire em nhu the nao Mgt mat, khoang '/j khach the (50,5%) cho rang "Su phdt trien mang tinh chdt lu nhien cua ndng khieu a Ire em lot han Id suphdt trien cd tinh dinh hu&ng, cd su can thiep ciia ngirai ldn, ciia gido due", mat khdc, , % khdng ddng tinh vdi quan diem vd d , % khdng cd y kien xac dinh Sd lugng cau trd ldi cho hai khdng djnh cdn Igi ddi nghjch vdi khang dinh ddu tien: , % (67) khdch the cho rang "De gido due cd hieu qud nhung tre em cd ndng khieu cdn sir dung cdc phuang phdp vd hinh thirc dgy hgc gido due chuyen biet" 105(05): 59-63 Them vao dd, , % khdch the ehi rdng "'Can CO truang hgc ddnh rieng cho ire em cd ndng khieu ciing nhu nhQ-ng tre em gap kho khdn su phdt trien" phdi Bd sung cho khia cgnh nay, chimg toi cdn sir dung cau hoi: "Theo bgn, sir ton tgi cua he ihong chuyen a nirdc lu hien co phu hgp trudng hay khong"^ "Ket qua Ihu dupe tir nghien ciru ciia chimg ldi cho Ihay cd 80,4% (78) khdch t h i bay td thdi dg ddng linh vdi s u ton tai cita he thdng trudng chuyen Idp chgn ddnh cho hpe sinh ed ndng lye cao Chi cd , % (3) sinh vien khang dinh sy tdn tgi Id hodn todn khdng phii hgp Cho den nay, sy tdn tgi ciia he thdng Irudng ehuyen lap chpn van ludn gay nhieu tranh cai Nhieu ngudi cho rang dieu dd tao sy bat cdng giao due, tac ddng lieu cue tdi ldm ly hpc sinh, dan tdi tinh trang hoc lech bdi truong chuyen chi la noi "luyen ga noi" Nguo'c Iai, cd nhieu y kien khang dinh vai trd quan trgng ciia loai hinh trudng doi vdi viec khoi day tiem nang ciia tre, tao dieu kien cho nhirng ngudi cd nang khieu phat trien tai ndng, vdi viec dao tao nguon nhan lyc chat Iugng cao cho xa hdi v v [5] Trao doi vdi mdt sd sinh vien ve van de nay, chiing tdi eiing nhan dugc nhirng y kien tuong ty, phii hgp vdi ly thuyel phat irien tam l\ tre em ciing nhu cac nguyen tae giao due tre em cd ndng khieu da d u g c chiing minh bdi cac nhd khoa hpc d cdc nude khdc tren the gidi [2] Bang Quan niem ve vi^c gido due tre em co ndng khieu CAC KHANG BJNH De giao due co hieu qua nhttng tre em co ndng khieu can sir dung cdc phuong phdp va hinh thirc day hpc, gido due chuyen biet Can CO trudng hoc danh rieng cho tre em co n3ng khieu cung nhu nhirng tre em gdp phai kho khan sy phat trien Su phdt trien mang tinh chat ty nhien ciia ndng khigu d tre em tot han la sy phdt trien co tinh dinh hudng, cd su can thiep ciia ngudi Idn, cua giao due KDY & HTKDY DY &HTDY 67 69,1% 20 20,6% 73 75,2% 13 13,4°/i 49 50,5% 24 24,7% 10 10,3% TONG (N=97) 97 100% 97 100% 24 24,7% 97 100% Phi Thj Higu vdD/g Tgp chi KHOA HQC & CONG N G H f 105(05): - K h d n g cd sy khac bjpt rd rpl quan nipm KET LUAN Clia sinh vien K45 vd K47 ve vdn de ndy Nghien cii-u quan nipm ciia sinh vien khoa Nhin chung, cdc cdu trd Idi d cdc khdng djnh Tdm ly-Gido d y e t r u d n g Dgi h g c S u pham- Ircn cho Ihay, quan nipm ve vipc giao dye tr^ Dgi hpc Thdi N g u y e n ve ndng khieu va giao em cd ndng k h i l u cua nhfrng ngudi d u p e hdi dye tre em cd ndng khieu tri tup c h o thdy quan mang linh ly phat - khdng nhal qudn va doi nipm Clia hg m a n g linh l y phdt, chira dung lap nhieu mau thuan Dieu dd dnh h u d n g den vi?e Mpi khia canh khdc lien quan den vipc gido dye hpc sinh ndng khicu d u p e dp d y n g d nhieu nude tren the gidi la giao d y e tdng toe cho phep Ire em ldi ndng hpe s d m vd hpc vupt lop Trao doi ve van de nay, nhieu chuyen gia ITnh vyc gido dye d n u d e ta bay td quan diem nen de Ire hpc theo khd ndng ciia no, phdt hipn vd giao d y e nhitng tre em ndy Vi the, can cd nbifng bipn phap phii h g p de nang cao nhdn t h u c c h o sinh vien n h u d u a mdn Tdm ly hpc ndng khieu v a o c h u o n g trinh dao tao gido vien nha t r u d n g S u phgm; tien hanh nhii-ng nghien eiru sau vd to chirc cac Hgi thdo khoa h g c ve ndng k h i l u Ire em co ndng k h i l u , cdn theo quy dinh ciia B p G D - D T , can linh hogt ddi vdi tre "than d d n g " hodc nhii'ng hpc T A I LIEU T H A M K H A O sinh ed nang khieu dac biet [5;6] Trong Honoaa H.B (2006) fJcuxojioewi odapeiiHocmu MocKsa flcuxojioeuji odapeuHocmu demeii u nodpocmKoe (1996) Hoii pea JleEiTeca H.C M.: H3Zt-B0 «AKaneMMSI)> Ii|e6jiaH0Ba E.H (2004) flcuxo/ioeuiecKoa duaauocmuKa odapeuHocmu lUKOJibuuKoe: npo6jieMbi .Memodbi, pejyjitmambi uccjiedoeanuii u npoKmuKu: npo6.i&\ibi, -nemodti, pejy.ibmambi uccjiedoeauuH u npoKmuKU MoCKBa - BopOHCiK PeH3yjiJiH A*., PHC CM (1997) Mojxnh oGoramaiomero uiKOJibHoro odyMCHHs // OcHOBHbie coBpeMeuHbie KOHuenuHH TBopnecTBa ii oaapeHHOCTH / Won pea fl.B BoronBJiencKoii - M., - C 14-242 H TxH Xiiey Odbtdeuubie npedcmaeneuwi o6 odapeuHocmu /iHccepTamtfi KaH.ncHx.nayK MoeKsa, 2012 Bdn ve ndng khieu vd cdc giai doan phdt trtin Clia cac con.: hltp'//www.toitim.net/ban-ve-nangkhieu-va-cac-giai-doan-phat-trien-cua-cac-con271638.html http://thegioimoi.vn/Home/Artie leDetatl/vn/4/27 1/nhan-tai-voi-thinh-suy-dat-nuoc.tgm nghien ciiu ciia chiing ldi, , % (51) khdch the khang dinh can phai c h o phep nhirng hpc sinh cd tai ndng xual chiing hpc v u p t Idp vi dieu dd kich thich s y phdt trien v u p t trdi va tdi da cua tre, giiip tre sdm trd nhirng chuyen gia gidi phuc vu dat n u d e , gdp phan thiic day sy phdt Irien cua xa hdi , % (46) khach the edn lai khdng d d n g tinh vdi quan diem ndy vi lo ngai rdng tinh khong d d n g deu Irong s y phat trien giira cac mat the chat, tri tue va tam sinh ly, dira tre se gap phai nhirng khd khdn hgc ciing vdi nhO'ng hgc sinh Idn ludi hon T h e o chiing tdi, gido due ldng tdc cd tinh den mgt each than trgng nhirng nhu cdu, khd nang ciia Ire vd nhirng dieu kien edn thiet khac, dam bao dirge viec Idm gidu vd khai thac sau ndi d u n g c h u o n g trinh cd y nghTa Idn ddi vdi viec dao tao nhdn tdi - nhirng hgt nhan ciia sy lien bg xa hgi Phi Thi Hieu vd Dtg Tap chl KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 105(05) 59 - 63 SUMMARY CONCEPTS OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS ABOUT GIFTED AND EDUCATION GIFTED INTELLIGENCE CHILDREN PhiThiHicu', Ban T h i M y College of Education I \ I In this paper, the authors have pointed out the importance ofthe study ofthe concept of talent; analyze the characteristics ofthe concept in students of Psychology and Education of Gifted and education of children with intellectual appeal Research results show that, the majority of customers can be conceived in accordance with the modem concept of talent However, their concept of spontaneous and contains many contradictions This requires appropriate measures to raise the awareness of students on this issue Key words: concept, gifted, gifted children education, gifted intellect, students Ngdy nhgn bdi: 22/3/2013; Ngdy phdn bien 25/3/2013, Ngdy duyet ddng- 06/6/2013 Tel: 01656634388 Email- hieusptn@gmai! c ... vdD/g Tgp chi KHOA HQC & CONG N G H f 105(05): - K h d n g cd sy khac bjpt rd rpl quan nipm KET LUAN Clia sinh vien K45 vd K47 ve vdn de ndy Nghien cii-u quan nipm ciia sinh vien khoa Nhin chung,... ly ma sinh vien K45 cd d u g c lir cdc mdn Tam ly hpc, Giao due hpc da tgo nen sy khdc biet Q u a n niem ve viee giao d u e t r e e m cd niing khieu tri tue Khi nghien ciiu quan niem cita sinh. .. chiing minh bdi cac nhd khoa hpc d cdc nude khdc tren the gidi [2] Bang Quan niem ve vi^c gido due tre em co ndng khieu CAC KHANG BJNH De giao due co hieu qua nhttng tre em co ndng khieu can sir