UAY NGD LIEU T I I N G ANH GUN V O I CAC TINH HOONG HOP Dflri, HigU QUR HHiniG UHI^U THflCH THITC O ThS TONG HUMG TAM* Trong xu the hdi nhdp hien nay, viee sir dyng tilng Anh (TA) trong edng viec ngdy[.]
UAY NGD LIEU T I I N G ANH GUN VOI CAC TINH HOONG HOP Dflri, HigU QUR HHiniG UHI^U THflCH THITC O ThS TONG HUMG TAM* rong xu the hdi nhdp hien nay, viee sir dyng quyet vd'n de mdt edeh hieu qud vd thyc hdnh TA tilng Anh (TA) edng viec ngdy cdng sou dupe hudng ddn phd b i l n ; dd sir dung TA ede tinh 2} Ngudi dgy: Trong vol trd ngudi dan ddt, budng thuc dugc coi Id mat nhu cau thiet thuc ngudi day cung se tilp thu dupe rdt nhilu kinii khdng thi thiiu bd't cu tinh vuc ndo nghiem, cdch nhin, cdc gidi phdp mdi h/ phia Dpy ngir lieu TA gdn vdi ede Hnh hudng Id ngudi hpc de idm phong phu bdi gidng vd dieu gidi thiSu hodc dua ro ngi? lieu mdi ngu chinh ndi dung tinh hudng nghien cuu, cOng nhu ednh hodc Hnh hudng ey t n l d l ngudi hpe ed the cd the tpo cdc Hnh hudng de ngudi hpe suxde djnh rd ndo su dyng ngir lieu dd hieu dyng ngdn ngu TA phii hpp theo suy nghT logic qud vdn ednh (context) Ngudi day khdng ciia ngdn nguTA Cdc Hnh hudng td'ted tinh chdt chi don thudn day ti/ vung, ngu lieu mdi mpt cdeh lien ket vdi Ti thuyet rdt coo Dilu dd ddng nghTa mdy mde hay duo ro cdi) triic ngir phdp bdng vdi viee ngudi hpc cd t h i su dyng tdi vdn ti/ edng thuc; md Kr vung, cd'u true dd phdi dupe vyng, ngif phdp, ndi dung bdi nghe, bdi dpc, gidi thidu vdn ednh, Hnh hudng ey the d l ede KT ndng nghe, ndi, dpc, vllt Ngudi dpy dd ngudi hpc ndm dupe edeh su dyng chung thdnh cdng Kong viec truyen thy TA ti> sdch vd tO-ng Hnh hudng thye hodc gdn vdi ddi thye Vi vdo ddi thye TA cd nhilu tir hodc cd'u true ddng nghTo Nhi/ng ihdch thuc dich sang hing Viet, nhung h/ng ngir Tinh tich eye cua thu thudt ndy id khdng t h i ednh chung diin td cdc sdc thdi ngiJ nghTa khdc phu nhdn Tuy nhien, qud trinh irng dyng nhau, vi dy, ede Kr «speak", «talk", «teli" vd «say" gidng day TA cd mdt so thdeh thuc boo gdm dlu ed ngiiTo Id «ndi" Tuy nhien, «speak" thudng ed ede y l u td chO quan nhu ngudi dpy vd ngudi diing dien td khd ndng diing ede ngdn ngu, hpc, vd cdc y l u to khdeh quan nhu mdi trudng, ndi chuyen tren dien thopi, vdn phong dieu kien eo sd vdt chdt hang trpng; «talk" diing ndi chuyen thdn mat 1) Ngudi dgy: Phuong phdp nghiSn ciru Hnh thdng thudng, md'i quan he giira ngudi ndi hudng khdng nhung gia tdng khd'i lupng idm vige vd ngudi nghe khdng mong tinh chd't giao Hep cuo ngudi dpy vi ngdn ngif gidng dpy vd ngif Ijeh sy; «\e\\" vd «say" thudng diing cdu lieu gidng day hodn todn Td mdt ngdn ngi/ khde gidn tilp (tuy cd'u true su dyng hoi tu ndy cung (TA), md cdn ddi hdi ngudi dpy ludn chdp nhdn hodn todn klidc nhau) ddi mdi, cap nhdt ede thdng tin, kiln thirc vd kT Cdc uu diem nd'l bdt ciia viec day ngOi ndng mdi Oe cd nhung bdi tap Hnh hudng thye tl, sdt vdi dieu kien mdi trudng Idm viec cua Vift lieu TA gdn voi cdc tinh huong 1) Ngudi bgc: • Ndng cao tinh thyc tiin cua Nam, t h i gidi, ngudi day phdi ddu Kr thdi gian mdn hpc: Ngudi hpe edm thdy sy hifu ich hpe vd tri hje de Hep can sy thay ddi vdn hda, TA Id dupe su dyng nd sou hpc mdt thu thdp, xu ii tndng tin vd xdy dyng tinh hudng cdeh rdt binh thudng nhung hieu qud eao; - Ndng phu hpp (vdi ndi dung ngdn ngir gdn vol vdn coo tinh chu ddng, sdng tpo vd sy thu nda ngdn ngi; TA) qud trinh hpe: ngudi hpc budc phdi dpt minh vdo Qud trinn ndy rd't tdn thdi gian, cdng sue Hnh hudng ey the vd lya chpn ngdn ngir phii hpp vd Id mdt qud trinh lien tyc vi tud'i thp ciia mdt de thye hdnh; - Ndng coo kT ndng Idm viee nhdm, Hnh hudng khd ngdn, dieu kifn thye te thay kT ndng phdn tich, gidi quyet vd'n de, kT ndng dd'i rdt nhanh Mdt so ngudi dpy su dyng ede trinh bdy, lado ve vd phdn bien y kiln trude ddm Hnh hudng cd sdn d cdc tdi liSu gido triiih TA ddng bdng TA: ngudi hpe budc phdi su dyng TA de h-ao ddi, thdo ludn, rut kit ludn hope gidi ' TnSig Sai bfc tai nguyen va moi tnring Ha Noi T Tap chi Giao due so 0 (kt a la/aoiai ngudn dpy TA cua ede ddi, bdo nude ngodi, dde biet khoi thdc tdi cdc tido ddi si/ dyng TA vi sdt vdi thyc t l vd mong Ipi hieu qud coo E)dy Id mdt ngudn cung cd'p Hnh hudng khd phong phii nhung cdn dupe dilu chinh de phu hpp vdi ndi dung gidng day Mdt bdi bdo hoy di kem vdi nhifng cdu hdi hay cuo ngudi day se thdnh mpt Hnh hudng rd't li thu mang tinh thdi sy cho ngudi hpc Vi dy, tren cdc bdo, tap chi nhu Khoa bgc vd Ddi song, Nhdn Ddn, Ddi Truyin binb trung uong, Ddi Tiing ndi Viet Nam, bdo dien tu Vietnamnet, nhieu Hnh hudng thye dupe ddt ro nhu: «How to help students have suitable jobs alter graduating?", «Whatare the guidelines ofhmilies and society for students after finishing high bj gidn dopn school?" hay «Give some solutions for small Mdt khde, phuong phdp nghien ciiu Hnh hudng factories and companies to overcome difficulties Iqi ddi hdi nhirng kT ndng phuc tap hon day in crisis period?", Ody thye sy Id nhOng edu hpc TA, nhu cdch td chirc Idp hpc, bd tri thdi lupng, hdi tpo Hnh hudng hoy vd sou dd cd cdc cdu Kd d$t cdu hdi, td chife vd khuyin khich ngudi hpe ldi gpi y cua nhung ngudi ed kinh nghiem Kong ihdo ludn, ddn ddt mpch thdo ludn, nhdn xet, phdn cdc irnh vyc tren Ngudi dpy cd the cung cdp cho bien Ddy that sy Id nhifng thdeh thirc Idn dd'i vdi ngudi hpe de hp dya vdo dd trd ldi hodc chinh ngudi day hong qud trinh t/ng dyng thu thudt ndy ngudi hpc Ipi ed ede edu trd ldi hodc thdo ludn 2) Ngudi bgc: Thdeh thirc Idn nhd't thudc ve mang tinh thye tiin sdng tpo coo Hnh ndng dpng, ySu thich kiln thuc vd khd ndng 2) Tif ngudi hoc: Cdc bdo cdo thyc tap, ludn tu ode lap cua ngudi hpe Phuong phdp vdn td't nghiep cuo sinh viSn (SV) cung Id nht/ng nghien cuu tinh hudng ehi that sy phdt huy nhung ngudn cung cd'p Hnh hudng rd't phong phu Vdn gid tri hifu ich ed sy tham gio ehu dpng vd de Id cdn bien tap vd hieu chinh de chung trd 'Su thich eua ngudi hpe Hp phdi dupe khuyin thdnh cdc bdi tap Hnh hudng cd gid trj Mdt hich, ddng vign st/ dyng vd dp dyng TA vdi ede khdc, dd'i vdi ngudi hpe dd ed kinh nghiem cdng \i\ ndng nghe, ndi, dpc, viit Vdn tif, ngif lieu tdc, ngudi dpy ed the yeu edu hp ty viit cdc Hnh cOng nhu lend ndng giao Hep bdng TA ludn Id uu hudng thyc ve cdng viee eua chinh hp D l cd tiSn ndng ddu vd Ichdng phdi td't cd ngudi hpc nhflrng Hnh hudng td't, ngudi dpy cdn tham gia dlu nhdn ro dieu dd tif ban ddu qud trinh nudng ddn vllt, Ben epnh dd, dd qud quen thudc vdi cdch ddt cdc yeu cdu vd cdu hdi gpi y Cd t h i dung tilp thu kiln thi/c thy ddng id thdy gidng trd ghi ede phuong phdp nhu cdng diem hoy miin thi chip n§n chuvln ciua phuong phdp mdi - dd'i vdi nhifng Hnh hudng ed chd't lupng coo ddi hdi sy ndng ddng, Ichd ndng tu vd tinh Vdi dd'i tupng Id hpc sinh (HS) nhd Kidi, cdc Hnh sdng too - thi mdt bd phdn ngudi hpc khdng hudng vui nhdn gdn vdi mdi trudng sdng se tqo ihicn ung dupe thu de ngudi hpe tham gio nhu cdc trd Mpt sdgoi y khdc phye cdc khd khan choi, cdc game shov/ de, nhung nen hpn c h l ud hinh dqy hpc TA gdn vol cdc linh hudng thdi gian ngdn d l ngudi hpe cd mdi trudng thi dua epnh tranh hpc iyc d l vlfc day vd hpc dot ket qud cao 3} Tu kinh nghiem thuc tien: Cdc Hnh hudng O l cd dupe nhi/ng bdi day ngu lieu TA gdn vdi Hnh hudng thye hay vd ludn cap nhdt, ngudi cung d i n tir qud trinh nghien cuu khoa hpc, Idm tu vd'n, cdng tdc vdi ede doanh nghiep hay tham day cd the tham khdo mdt sd gpi y sou: 1) Khai thdc toi da ndi dung vd tinh huong chi Kr cdc quan sdt vd tdng kit cuo cd nhdn ngudi trin cdc phuong tiin thdng tin dgi chung: dpy qud trinh gidng day TA d nhieu cd'p Ngudi dpy nen tnu thdp cdc thdng Hn tren cdc dp vd ddi tupng khde Trien khai tinh hudng: Cd nhieu cdch dpy phuong Mdn thdng tin dpi chung cd bdng tilng Vl^t vd TA, vi tinh cap nhdt vd tinh thyc Hen coo: hpc bdng Hnh hudng mong Ipi kit qud cao bdi phdn tich hoy Kf ede bdo, tap ehi cd uy tin, nhung Kiy thupe vdo dd'i K/png ngudi hpc de Iyc ua cdc ddi truyin hinh, ddi Heng ndi, Internet, cdc chpn Hnh hudng phii hpp nude ngodi (cdc Hnh hudng ndy deu dupe chud'n bi h i t sue chuySn nghibp) nhung ddi ipi rd't xa Ip vdi mdi trudng Viet Nam node ehua phii hpp vdi nhilu nude ndi TA, thyc te d cdc nude ndy edn nhilu khde biet Cung cd y kiln cho rdng phuong phdp ndy phdn tdc dyng ngudi day chi don thudn djeh Ipi ede Hnh hudng sdch nude ngodi N h i l u trudng hpp, gidng dpy TA bdng Hnh hudng Id edeh de thdy «nghi ngoi" vi trd phdi Idm viec, vd thdy cung khdng b i l t gidi tinh hudng t h i ndo, nen ngudi hpc thyc chdt cung khdng thu dupe Ipi ich gi Nlu ngudi dpy khdng thyc sy ed kiln thuc v l vdn hda xd hdi thi viec gidi quyet vdn d l se be• tdc ' vd qud trinh• tiep ' thu t h u TA ^ cuo ngudi hpe s I Tap chl Giao due s6 0 (ki a • la/aoia) A 1) Dd'i vdi ngudi bgc Id HS: Cdc Hnh hudng cd sdch gido khoa nen dupe khoi thdc tdi vi hien cdc gido trinh gidng dpy TA d ede cd'p hpc deu mong tinh ung dyng giao tiep eao Ngudi dpy nen cd gpi y md d l HS tham gia vi chd't lupng HS ludn khdng ddng nhd't Tiiy vdo hodn ednh dja phuong de ed nhifng Hnh hud'ng hdp ddn mong Hnh thye t l , quo dd HS cd the thyc hdnh mdt cdeh Kr nhien vd ham mudn hpe tap dupe cdi thien rd ret 2) Dd'i vdi ngudi hgc Id SV bade ngudi dd di Idm: Trude hit, ed t h i diing cdc bdi dpc (bdi bdo) Idm cdc vi dy minh hpa vd md rdng vdn de cho Kfng de myc Kr vyng, ngif phdp, kT ndng nghe, ndi, dpc viit mdt edeh cy t h i nhung khuyen khich sy sdng tpo hope khoi thdc dupe cdch diing tir vyng, ngif phdp nhu mpt eo hpi thyc hdnh ngdn ngif eu vdi ngif lieu mdi Sou dd, diing mot vdi Hnh hud'ng Idm d l gidng dpy xuyen sud't ed mdt bdi hpe, mdi budi hpc d l u dung Hnh hud'ng ndy nhung triln khai d ede budc khde nhau, moi Hnn hud'ng Ipi yeu edu ngudi hpe su dyng vd'n tif vyng ngif phdp theo chu de - ddy Id cdcn ngudi day cung cd'p tinh lien kit cdc ndi dung cho ngudi hpe Tilp theo, Hnh hudng Idn giao cho nhdm SV gidi quylt mdt hpc ki, nnu mot gpi y Idm dieu tro khdo sdt sou dd bdo cdo theo nhdm bdng TA vdo cudi ki d l Idy dilm Ody Id cdch Idm hifu hieu vi ngudi hpe phdi tu bang TA vd viec sir dyng TA ve mdt chu dilm mdt thdi gian ddi se gdp phdn md rdng vd'n h/, ngdn ngif gdn vdi ede ngif lieu mdi dupe hpc hdng ngdy TA se dupe hpc mpt each thodi mdi vd hdp ddn hon Xay d y n g ngan hdng tinh hud'ng: Hien nay, cdc nd Iyc v i i t Hnh hud'ng de gidng dpy TA d l u d phia cd nhdn tung ngudi day Neu cd sy chuan hdo, td'ng k i t vd xdy dyng mdt co so di/ lieu chung giua nhilu ngudi dpy ciing mdt cd'p dp vd lien ngdnh giifa cdc eo sd ddo too, CO sd gido dye Ken todn qud'e thi chd't lupng vd hieu qud se dupe cdi thien rd't ddng ke Ddy Id cdng viee mang tinh vT md vd ndm Kong nd lye ddy mpnh giao luu sinh hopt chuyen mdn gii/a cdc gido vien, gidng vien, nhd nghien cuu cung chuyen ngdnh gidng day TA Clio cd nuoc - Hen de eo bdn d l xdy dyng mdt cdng ddng gidng day TA vd nghien ct/u gidng day TA chd't lupng cao ** * Hi vpng v6i cdc gpi y su dyng cung nhu cdch gidi quylt ede thdcn thirc gud trinh dp dyng thu tnuqt ndy, ngudi day se thdi mpt ludng sinh mdi vdo ngudi hpc vd nguoi hpc thdy dupe h'nh h'ch cue cua viec hpe TA, d l dpy hpc TA den gdn vdi ddi thyc hon • Tai lieu tham khao Haliday Teaching Languages in Real Situations Oxford University Press, 2008 Murcia Using Languages in Pedagogical Southern New Hampshire University Press, 2010 Pham Minh TuSn Applying Methods of Teaching Languages Sticidng with Situations NXB D(ii hpc quoc gia Hd Ndi, 2001 http://www.globaledu.coin.vn/Tliong-Tin-ChiTiet/Day-lioc-bang-tinh-huong SUMIVIARY Applying new methods in teaching English is not only necessary but it also requires teachers and learners more creatively and flexibly I briefly introduce an attractive and effective technique that is about teaching new languages sticking with real situations in spite ofctKillenges and how to face these difUcutlties Nang cao hieu qua sir dung (Tiip theo trang 44) viee gidi quylt ede Hnh hudng cudc sdng vd cdeh nhin nhdn cdc vdn d l thyc tiln ciia SV ** • Tdm Ipi, su dyng PPTLN dpy hpe mdn Nhifng nguyen li eo bdn cua ebu nghTa Mde Lenin Id edn thilt vd cd y nghTa quon trpng xu hudng doi mdi PPDH hien d nude to Moi GV cdn tudn thij nhung yeu cdu edn thilt dd neu d Ken d l hieu qud bdi day dpt kit qud td't • Tai li^u tham khao Phiing Van BO MOt s£i vSn de vi phuong phdp day hoc va ngfaiSn ciru trift hgc NXB Gido d{ic, H 2001 NguySn Ki "Phucmg phap day hpc tich circ" T?p chl Nghiin ciiu gido due, thdng 7/1993 Nguy£n Canh Toan Phinmg phdp daiy \k hpc dai hoc NXB Dgi hpc sir phpm, H 2009 SUMtt/IARY Teaching methods in universities have to ensure a positive learning of students, it need to puts students in the center of the teaching process Teaching with the the group discussion method is one of the methods can ttie tasks above If we want teaching with the the group discussion method have good results, we have to prepare to the tasks since we received it Both of teachers and students have to requirements such as: select content knowledge to apply the mettiod: sun/ey the object of learning; combine with ottier teaching methods: reading and search for documents It Is necessary requirements when we apply the group discussion method In teaching Tap chi Glao due s6 0 iki a • la/aoia) ... hinh dqy hpc TA gdn vol cdc linh hudng thdi gian ngdn d l ngudi hpe cd mdi trudng thi dua epnh tranh hpc iyc d l vlfc day vd hpc dot ket qud cao 3} Tu kinh nghiem thuc tien: Cdc Hnh hudng O l cd... ludn cap nhdt, ngudi cung d i n tir qud trinh nghien cuu khoa hpc, Idm tu vd''n, cdng tdc vdi ede doanh nghiep hay tham day cd the tham khdo mdt sd gpi y sou: 1) Khai thdc toi da ndi dung vd tinh... 2001 NguySn Ki "Phucmg phap day hpc tich circ" T?p chl Nghiin ciiu gido due, thdng 7/1993 Nguy£n Canh Toan Phinmg phdp daiy \k hpc dai hoc NXB Dgi hpc sir phpm, H 2009 SUMtt/IARY Teaching methods