£to/MH()C! ^^^ Doi mdi danh gia ke\ qua hgc tap ngoai nguf dap ufhg yeu cau nang cao chat iiTofng dao tao va hoi nhap ThS HOANG VAN THAI TrUdng Cao dang Du ijch Ha Ndi 1 DiPiT VANOE Ddnh gid {DG) ket[.]
£to/MH()C! ^^^ Doi mdi danh gia ke\ qua hgc tap ngoai nguf dap ufhg yeu cau nang cao chat iiTofng dao tao va hoi nhap ThS HOANG VAN THAI TrUdng Cao dang Du ijch Ha Ndi DiPiT VANOE Ddnh gid {DG) ket qud hpe tdp la mdl mat xich quan trgng qud trinh dgy hge ndi chung, ngogi ngd ndi ridng Nhilu edng tinh nghign edu eua ede nhd nghien cdu gido dye, giao hgc phdp ngogi ngQ deu khang dinh r i n g qud trinh dgy hpe gom thdnh id cd bdn: myc lieu, ndi dung, phuong phdp, phuong tign, to chdc va DG Cd t h l t h i y DG Id khau eudi eung nhung eung Id khdi dau cCia mdt chu trinh khep kin tiep theo vdi ehal lUpng cao hdn DG Id vigc Idm thudng xuyen Ide md dau, k i t thdc eOng nhu sudt qua trinh dgy hpe ngogi ngd de d i l u chinh lodn bd qud trinh Hidn nay, nude ta dang lien hanh ddi mdi can bin va todn dign nen gido dye va Itch eye tnen khai de an "Dgy hgc ngogi ngO hg thong giao dye quoc dan 2008 2020" theo Quyel dinh sd 1400/QD-TTg 30/9/2008 cOa Thd tudng Chinh phu nham nang cao rd ret Irinh dd ngogi ngO eda thieu men Viet Nam vd biln ngogi ngQ trd thdnh the mgnh eda ngudi ddn Vigt Nam Mpt nhQng hoat ddng can doi mdi mgnh me Irong ddo tgo ngogi ngQ Id khdu danh gid Do dd, bdi viet tdc gid Irlnh bdy ve "Doi mdi danh gia k i t qua hpe tap ngoai ngQ ddp dng yeu e l u ndng eao chat lugng dao tgo vd hdl nhdp" NOI DUNG NGHIEN CU'U 2.1 Danh gia ket qud hgc t?p ngogi ngii la gl? Ddnh gid Id hogl ddng rat quan trpng khdng t h l tdch rdi qud Idnh dgy hpe ngogi ngfl Cd rat nhieu khdi nidm khde v l ddnh gia linh vyc gido dye ndi ehung, ddo tgo ngogi ngQ ndi riSng Trong dao tgo ngogi ngO, ddnh gid k i t qud hpe tdp (DGKQHT) cua ngudi hpo Id quan trpng n h l t bdi vl c h i t lugng hogt ddng hpe tap ngogi ngQ cda ngUdl hpe the hign c h l l lUpng cda hogt ddng dgy hgc, mdl chdc ndng cd bdn eda cdc cO sd ddo tgo {trudng hgc, Irung tdm, cdng ty-.) Trong bai v i l t sau nghien cdu cdc khdi nigm v l danh gid cCia mdl sd nha nghien cdu giao dye, nha nghidn cdu khoa hpe ngoai ngQ nude va ngoai nude, tae gid ed de xual dmh nghla v l ddnh gia k i t qua hpe tap ngogi ngO irgn eo sd ke IhUa ede kel qud nghien cdu trudc va td thyc tiin nghe nghiep de sd dyng nhu sau: Ddnh gid k i t qud hpe ldp ngogi ngQ Id qua trinh thu thap thdng tin, phan lieh va xd ly thong tin Id hoat ddng hpe lap ngogi ngQ cda ngUdi hpe de tim cae ehi sd ve lupng, gid tri hoac sy quan trgng ciia nd ddi sdnh vdi mye lieu da de eda mdn hgc nhdm xac nhdn k i t qua hge tap cda ngUdi hge sau mdl giai doan hpe lap va eung cap thdng tin phdn hdi gidp eai thien, nang cao chat lupng viee dgy hpe ngogi ngd 2.2 Can ddi mdi danh gid k i t qud hgc tgp dgy hge ngogi ngii nhU the nao? 2.2.1 DOI mdi myc lieu danh gid Ddnh gia k l l qua hgc tap ngogi ngii hign can ldp Irung ehu trpng vao ca hai mye dieh co ban la: Xac nhan va phan hdi Thd nhat, dgy hpe ngogi ngd, danh gia kel qua hpe lap phai nham xae nhan kel qua ma ngUdi hpe dat dupc kel thdc mot giai dogn hge lap (ket thdo mdt bai hpe, chUdng, chii de, ehu diem, don vi hpe tnnh, mo dun, hpe ky, nam hpe, khda hpe) dya tren chuan kien thdc, ky nang, thai dd eda mdn hpe dupe quy dmh Irong chuong tnnh ddo tgo cua eac cd sd giao dye Myc dieh xac nhan k i t qua hgc ngogi ngQ ddi hdi can ddm bdo Unh chinh xdc, khach quan, cdng bang vd can cd sy ddi sdnh vdi mde dd dgt duge trinh dd ehuan ndng lye ngogi ngd eiia Vigt Nam vd cdc ehuan quoc le {chuan Chdu Au, lELTS, T O E I C ) Thd hai, danh gid k i t qud hpe ldp ngogi ngfl phdi cung e l p nhQng Ihdng tin quan trpng, ehinh xdc v l qud tdnh dgy hpe eho can bd quan ly (CBQL) cae cap (Bd mdn, Khoa, Ban gidm hldu Ban giam ddc ), giao vidn 503-2013 (GV), hpe vien (HV) de IQ nhQng thdng tin CBQL, GV, HV cd nhdng quyet dmh dung dan kip Ihdi tdc ddng d i n viee day va vigc hgc nham nang eao chat lUdng hoc tap ngogi ngQ Vdi mye dich nay, CBQL, GV se de xuat nhCng eai tien ve chUOng trinh mdn hoc, tai lieu hpe tap, phyong phdp dgy hpe, phUdng lien va thiet b; dgy hpe phd hpp vdi dieu kien eho phep cda mdi cO sd dao tgo D i l u irdi vdi quan mem trudc day cua mye dieh ddnh gja Id cho diem de phan logi hgc lye ngUdi hgc Hai mye dich trdn cd quan he qua lgi vdi qua tdnh danh gid k i t qua hoc tap ngogi ngd: myc dich xdc nhan (thU nhat) la ed sd de thyc hign myc dfeh phan hdl (thd hai); mat khae mye dich thd hai la he qud cda mye dieh thd nhal 2.2.2 Doi mdl tiep ean ve ngi dung danh gia Ndi dung ddnh gia theo tiep ean truyen thdng day hge ngoai ngQ, dae bigl la ngoai ngQ ehuyen ngdnh d eac nha trudng hign la lap trung danh gia tam kiln thdc ngdn ngQ (ngQ phap, ngQ am, Id vyng va yeu id van hda) va ky nang ngdn ngQ doc lap (nghe, ndi, dpc, viet) eua ngudi hpe Tuy nhien, vdi dudng hudng day hpe ngoai ngd lap trung vao hinh va phat trien nang lyc giao Hep cho ngUdi hoc hien nay; song song vdi dd, Iren the gidi va d Viet Nam (Id nam 2007), mdt sd nha nghien cdu giao dye da bat dau chuyen sang danh gia k i t qua hgc lap cae mdn hoc theo nang lUethyc hien ciia ngUdi h g c - d a y la each tiep can hien dgi Irong DGKQHT dd, qila Irinh danh gia la tao linh hud'ng cho ngudi hgc the hien nang lyc eCia minh de giai quyet nhQng nhiem vy Irong cudc sdng Ihyc, Irong cdng viec chd khdng phai la chi tra ldi nhQng cau hdi hay gidi bdi tap bang giay but nhu truyen Ihdng Do do, chung ta can ddi mdi ndi dung danh gia k i t qua hpe tap ngogi ngQ ndi ehung, ngo^i ngij' chuyen ngdnh ndi neng theo dinh hudng hinh thdnh ndng luc giao tiep dya trdn cai lien npi dung danh gia Id ehuan kien IhQe, ky nang cda chUdng trinh mdn hpe sang danh gia nang lyc giao liep ngoai ngd vdi nhQng ndi dung cd ban: - Nang iyc ngQ phap (ngQ am, dm vi, hinh thai, eu phap, td vyng va eac quy lac ngQ phdp eda mot ngon ngQ) - Nang lyc ngdn ban (lien k i t vd hdi thogi) - Nang luc hanh ngdn (lU lUdng, dieu ehinh, kham pha, tudng lUpng) - Nang lyc ngon ngfl xa hdi (phong cdch, dm vye, an dy, vf von) - Nang lyc chien iupe (danh gid, lap ke hoach, IhUc Ihi) 2.2.3 Chuan hda quy trinh kiem Ira ddnh gia k i t qua hgc tap ngogi ngd Xay dyng va hoan Ihien quy trinh kiem tra, danh gia la yeu cau rat quan gidp qua Irinh ddnh gia ed dUde tinh chat che, khach quan va ehinh xac Quy tnnh danh gid cd t h l theo cac budc nhUsau- xac dmh he Ihdng eae mye ligu danh gid, xdy dyng cdc chuan danh gia, xdy dyng cdc logi cau hdi eho bai kiem tra/thi va dap an, to chde kiem tra/thi, thong ke k i t qua kiem tra/lhi, nhdn xel vd rut kinh nghiem DatfyaHpc 2.2.4 Da dgng hda eae hinh thdc va dgng eau hdi kiem tra ddnh gia Cd nhieu hinh Ihdc va dang cau hdi danh gid khac Mdi hinh thdc va dgng cau hdi cd nhdng Uu nhupe diem ridng cda nd Vigc sd dyng phdi hgp eac hinh thde vd dgng cau hdi se gidp eho viec danh gla dugc todn dien, khach quan, chlnh xac hon Sau nghien cdu chung tdi long hpp mpl sd hinh thdc va dgng cau hdi kilm Ira thUdng dung danh gia k i t qua hpe tap ngogi ngQ sau: - Hinh thdc viet: trac nghiem khach quan (cdu hdi va phUdng an, lap ghep dien vao chd trdng„) va ty lugn (tieu ludn, bdi lap, tra ldi cau hdi ) - Hinh Ihde van dap: thuyet irinh, dot IhogL - Hinh Ihdc quan sdl/lhyc hanh: Ihyc hanh ddng vai tinh hudng/hdi thoai 2.2.5 Sif dyng phoi hpp cae md hinh ddnh gid khac Nen sd dyng ket hpp md hinh ddnh gid cd nhdn vdi md hinh danh gia theo nhdm Ddi mdi hoat ddng kilm tra ddnh gia ngoai ngilf phai tren cd sd dot mdl phuong phdp d g y - h g c , lang cudng id chdc hoat ddng nhdm eho ngudl hpe ca gid hgc trdn tdp va ngoai gid hpe, day cung la ed sd de hinh thdnh va phdl triln nang lye lam viec theo nhdm eho ngudi hpe, dap dng yeu eau cda mdi trudng iam viec da ngon ngd, da van hda sau ndy 2.2.6 K i t hop danh gia cua giao vien vdi ty danh gia cda ngudi hpe Kel hdp giQa danh gia eda GV vd ty ddnh gid cQa ngudi hpe la mot nhQng dac trUng cda day hpe ngogi ngd lay ngUdi hpe lam Irung lam Trong Idp hgc ngoai ngQ, chdng ta cd the sCf dyng mdt sd each kel hpp sau: ngudi hgc ly kilm tra danh gid dUdi sy d[nh hudng cua giao vien, ngudi hpe ty ddnh gid nhd thdng qua lai hien lai kien Ihdc va Ihyo hien igi nhdng ky nang Ihyc hanh thdng qua ngogi ngQ da l i l p nhdn 2.2.7 Sd dyng cdng nghg thdng tin higu qua qud trinh danh gia ngogi ngQ Hien nay, vdi sy phat trien vugi bac cija edng nghe thdng tin, hogt dpng dgy hoc, kilm tra ddnh gia ngogi ngQ trd len thudn lpi hdn Vdi sy trp gidp eda cae phin mem chuyen dyng nhU ICat, Vilesla , chdng ta d l dang bien sogn vd tao ma de thi theo yeu cau eda myc dieh DG Mot sd phan mem cd cac cdng cy ho trp kiem tra tren may tinh, k l l hpp vdi k i l m tra Iruyen thdng, kiem tra trdn mang ndi bp, kiem tra/lhi tryc tuyen Mdl sd phin mem phan tieh d l thi, dfl lieu cO bdn nhU Exel, Quest, Conquesl ,giup gido vien phan Ifeh dp khd, phan biet cda eae eau hdi thi, phan Ifeh gia tri va dp tin edy ciia de thi, cung cap cac phan hdi gidp gido vidn danh gia nang lyc ngogi ngQ cda ngudi hpe ehfnh xdo hdn Cdng nghe thdng tin mang lai cho edng lac danh gid KQHT nhieu hudng ddi mdi tfeh eye nhu: quan ly hd sd, diem Ihi, td chdc d l , id chdc thi, to chdc eham thi, -Ngodi viec sif dyng eac phan mem ho trp qudn ly, td chdc vd phan tieh k i t qua DG, ngudi ta da tien hdnh danh gid ndng lyc ngogi ngfl tri/c t u y l n ; vdi each ddnh gia nay, viee tgo cdng bang kiem tra dupe khang djnh, tiet kiem dupe chi phi vd thdi gian, phu hpp vdi xu t h l DaifMHpCi hinh thdnh cae md hinh dao tao hign nhu hge c h l tfn chi, hgc tu xa qua mgng 2.2.8 Ddi mdl cdng tac qudn ly ddnh gia k i t qud hpe tap ngogi ngfl ^ Ddt mdi qudn ly ddnh gid k i t qud hpo lap ngoai ngQ eda ngudi hpe nham tdng cudng ehat lugng va hieu qua cda kilm tra ddnh gid, gdp p h i n nang cao ehat lupng ddo tgo Vdi y nghTa nhu vay, doi mdi qudn ly ddnh gid k l l qud hgc tdp ngogi ngQ bao gdm nhOng ndi dung trgng tdm sau: - Nang eao nhdn thdc, thdi dd trach nhigm cOa cdn bd qudn ly, gido vien vd ngudi hgc v l cdng lac kilm tra ddnh gid k i t qud hge tdp ngogi ngQ Dieu dugo thye hign thdng qua vige tang cudng to chdc nghien cdu eae vdn bdn, eac bdo eao khoa hgc, cdo hdi thdo khoa hge v l KTDG vd ddi mdl KTDG cl nUde va d nudc ngodi - Td chdc xdy dyng ke hogch vd quy tnnh danh gia thdng nhal eho eae khoa, bg mdn ngogi ngd cua eac cd sd ddo tgo, Cdng lac danh gid kel qua hge lap ngogi ngQ se ddm bdo dupc c h l l lugng neu ludn thil ede bude chat che vd khoa hge nhu: Xdy dyng ke hoach ddnh gia, xay dyng quy tdnh danh gid cho eac khoa/bd mdn ngogi ngQ, qudn ly thye hien quy Irlnh danh gid - Ddi mdi md hinh qudn ly danh gia k i t qua hoc tap cac eO sd dao tgo thdng qua vigc ldp cdc trung tam khdo thi ddc ldp hogc cae ban khao thi dde lap vdi cdng tdc gidng dgy ngogi ngQ ehinh cae khoa, bd mdn Cdc trung tam/ban chju Iraeh nhiem td chdc khdo thi cho t i l e d cde mdn ngogi ngfl cda co sd minh de tang cudng hidu qud eua quy djnh, ke hogch KTDG 13 ddi mdi phUdng thdc ddnh gia theo hudng ddnh gid gidp hinh thdnh vd phat Inen nang lye giao t i l p ngogi ngfl, chuin hda, hien dgi hda va hdi nhdp qude te Irong thdi dgi chat lupng hidn TAI LI^U THAM KHAO [1] Andrew D Cohen, Assessing language ability in the classroom, Heinle Publisher, 1994 [2] Bui Hien, PhUdng phip hiin dai day - hoe ngoai ngd, NXB Dgi hgc qude gia Hd Ndi, 1999 [3] Ddng Vdn Cde, PhUdng phap va hinh thdc tichdc kiem tra dinh gia day hge ngoai ngd d trddng trung hgc thdng nhdng nim dot mdi, Tgp chi Giao dye sd 178 (Ki 1-12.2007) 14] Hodng Van Thdi, Nang cao ehal lUpng dgy hpe mdn ngogi ngfl tgi trudng Cao dang Du ljch Ha Ndi thdng qua vide ddi mdi cdng tde kiem tra, danh gia kit qua hpe ldp, bai dang KJ' yeu hdi thdo "Cdi tien phUOng phap giang dgy mdn Ngogi ngfl chuyen ngdnh du Ijch" cita Trudng CDDLHN nam 2006 [5] Language Policy Division - Council of Europe, Manual for Language test Development and Examining, 2011 [6] Le Ddc Nggc, Dii mdi kiim tra danh gia dap dng yiu cau ning cao chit lUdng dio t?o theo hgc ehe tin chi, K j y l u Hpi thdo khoa hpe loan qude "Doi mdi, kiem Ira, danh gia dap dng yeu eau nang eao chat lugng dao lao theo he thdng tfn chr , Trudng DH Sai Gdn, 12/2012 [7] Nguyin Thj Thanh Ha - DUdng Th| Hdng Tham, Thyc trgng vd giai phap ddi mdi kiem tra ddnh gid ddo Igo tieng Anh Ihuong mgi lgi IrUdng Dai hgc Ihudng KET L U A N mgi theo he thong tin chi, Ky y l u Hdi thdo khoa hpe toan Vide ddi mdl can bdn, loan didn danh gia k l l qud hgc qude "DOI mdi, kiem tra, ddnh gid ddp dng ygu cau ndng tdp ngogi ngd c i n phdi dupe xae d|nh la khdu cdt loi, dot cao ehat lupng dao Igo theo hg thdng lln ehP' , Trudng phd Irong ddi mdi can bdn, loan dien dao tgo ngogi ngQ d nude ta ddp dng va tdng bude ndng cao c h l l lupng ddo OH Sdi Gdn, 12/2012 [8] Penny Mekay, Assessing Young language learntgo vd hdi nhdp quoc te Chi od nhu vdy, nhdng bit cdp chlnh hidn eda gido dye ngogi ngO edg nude la mdi ers, Cambridge University Press, 2006 [9] Rita Bery & Bob Adamson (Editors) Assessment dupe khae phye, chat lupng ddo tgo ngogi ngQ mdi dUpc Reform in Education: Policy and Practice, Springer Sciddm bdo vd tdng bude ddp Qng dUpc cac chuan khu vyc ence & Business Media B.V 2011 vd qude t l [10] Tran Thi T u y l l Oanh, Danh gid vd ludng kit Moi gidi phdp ddi mdi danh gid ket qud hge tap ngogi ngO trdn ddy d i u ed