DANH GIA NANG LlfC GIAI QUYET VAN OE CUA HUC SINH TflUNG UAY HOG VAT El fl TRlTflNG TRUNG HOC PHO THONG TS LE THj THU HIEN Abstract The problem based competency is important for students, especially i[.]
DANH GIA NANG LlfC GIAI QUYET VAN OE CUA HUC SINH TflUNG UAY HOG VAT ElflTRlTflNG TRUNG HOC PHO THONG TS LE THj THU HIEN Abstract: The problem-based competency is important for students, especially in the context of education reform To deuelop this competency, the assessment needs lo be changed towards approaching issues because the assessment is one of crucial phase In teaching The article refers to the building of criteria and steps for assessment of the problem-based competency of students in teaching and leaming physics at upper secondary school Keywords: problem-based competence; teaching physics M UCtieuddi mdi giao due hien la day hoe tiep can nang lyc (NL) Do vay, cdng tac kiem tra.danh gia (DG)theo hudng tiep can NL la ratcan thiet Nang luc giai quyetvan de (NLGQVD) la mgt nhflng NL co ban cua hgc sinh (HS), giup cac em van dt/ng kien ttiuc vao giai quyet tinh hudng,baitoanttit/etien.Vatli(yL)lamdn khoa hoe thyc nghiem, g&n lien vdi ttiue tiln Do vay, phat trien NLGQVD ttong day hgc VL nham nang cao chat lugng day hgc Bai vietdexuaitquy trinh, xay dung bg edng cy DG NLGQVD day hgc VL nham giup giaoyien (G V)DG chinh xac N l c u a HS, detfldocd sudieuchinh phuong phap day hge cho phtJ hgp vdi tflng ddi tuang HS, NLGQVD cua HS ^ NLGQVD la mgt ttong nhflng NL chung ehii yeu cua ngudi, dugc cau tnJc gdm td: phat hien va lam rd van tie; de xuatva lua ehgn giai phap; tht/c hien vaDG giaiphap giai quyetvan de(GQVD) Cd the cy the hda ket qua DG NLGQVD cua HS thdng qua eae chi sdhanh vi sau: Thanh to Chi sfl hSnh vi Phan tich tinh hudng Phat hi§n va Phat hifin v^n Ci iam 16 van 3k 6ieu dat vin 6^ Qlxuatva lua Thift: hi|n vi DGgiSiphap GQVO Thu thap thong tin ciS lien quan flen van ak Qe xual cSc gi j i phSp Lua i;hon giji phdp phu hap Thifc hi€n aidi phap OG giai phdp Nhan ^thiJc va van tjung phUdng phap hiinh dOng vao boi canh mdi 2.BG N L G Q V B c u a H S BeSGNL cua mdi ca nhan ve mot Tnh vuc hoat dgng cy the, can chu y cac mat sau: - Co kien thiic, hieu bietve hoatdpng do; - Biet Ben hanh hoatdpng phu hpp v(S muc dich, xac dinh muc feu cuthe, li/a chgn dupc phupng phap hpat dpng phu hop; - Tien hanh hpat dpng co hieu qua, dat dupc muc dich; -Tien hanh hcatdong mptcach linli hpatvaccketqua trpng nhQng dieu kien kh^c CpthecpiBG theo dinh hifctig phattrien NLcua HS la hU(Sng toi viec DG su tien be cua ngudi hgc nhflng giai doan khac DG NLGQVfi cua HS la quatrinh GV thu thap Ihong tin, phan tich thong tin da thu thap dupc; niian biel ve NLGQVB cua HS; phan hdi cho HS, nha trucrng, gia dinh ket qua DG; tfl co bien phap boi dudng, ren iuyen NLGQVD cho HS NLGQVD cua HS dflOc hinh vaphattrien trpng hpat dpng GQVD DG NLGQVD cua HS la DG nhflng cua NLGQVD Quan sat qua trinh GQVD, nghien cflu san pham, (jua trinh van dap giua GV va HS GQVD, GV dpi chieu (HS li( doi chieu) vcfi nhung tieu chi da xac dinh deDG mile dpNLcuaHS Xay d u n g ileu chi BG NLGQVB cua HS day hoc VL GV CO the dua vao qua trinh GQVD cua HS de xay dung tieu clii DG NLGQVD Dfla tren cac feu chive hanh vi ddi vdi cac to cua NLGQVD,CO thexaydungtieuchinhusau:(xem bang trangben) Cac mflc dat duoc ve NLGQVD cua HS: •Mul;r.HScdlMLGQVDdet6tladattfl8,qdi^mtro len va yeu cau N L hieu van de phai dat diem; - M * ^.' HS CP NLGQVD trung binh neu dat tfl 5,0 diem * Tnrong fiai hoc Giao due - Dai hgc Quoc gia Ha Niii 501 Tap chi Gioe due so 380 (kl2-4/2016) Til? Tieu chi chit Iifung h M VI dl^ PhJnScti KS hieu (Una van 0$ Hidu chua that diino vdn Ok elm sH sdt ntid vahi&i di^O vSri HiSu chifl thjt dting van 06 cfln sai sflt, Snh hJflng nhlfiu 0,5 din vKc dm fliai oh jp ah K&u sai van ah GiaiphiiDddnp Si/ara Giai pttiD dilng, luv nhlJn cAn cd lhi£u siit nhd gmphip Giai ptiip dting, nhiAiq chila cu Vii Idiong ctil hll eiGtm Cd dua giai otito nhung chUa diing 0.5 Giai phap sal tvac chua cd giai phap Lap luan chat che, logic va ^ i n h xac Liplu^ L jp luan thieu chat ctie, logic Hnh toan chUa chinh xac vJnde KhCng biit ^ luan, tinh loan sai C6 nhan xdt sauthi thilc h i ^ giai phap va dua giai phap diing Idiac (niu cd) OG giii Cd nhan xdt sau thUc tilfln giSi ptiap nhung khdng chlrti phip " Tlflu chi xac, div aci Vjndung viob6l cJnh.vin dirndl Khfing cd nhjn xft sau kHittiUchl^n giii phap Neu dUdc vin da tuong tu va dUa giai phap diing Ndu dUdc vin di tuong li/ nhUng chUa dua dugc giii phip giii quyit diing KhOno ngu dUtfc van d i tUOng U ' NLGQVD eua HS la thong qua cac san pham hpe tap nhu: di/an hoe tap, bao cao tieu luan GV giao cho HSfriiJC hien bao cao vemotvande,yeu cau bao caofrieomau.^ Mau eo thethiet ke nhu sau: BAOCAO Ten chu ae Em hieu v& chti fle nhuthe nSD? Bi giSi quy^ ijutjc van 6h trang trhD fli nky em iJe xult giai phSp hijli higu n^o? Em hay via mot bao cSo ndi vh viec grai quylt van 6h chii de tren? 4, Em CO nhSn xgl gi ve chii de dutic giao vi g3p kho l^3n gi trang qua irinh giai quySt vSn de? Em cfl the dg xu^t them mOt vai giii phSp giai quylt vln dl trgn hieu qui? ChD d l t r ^ cd lien quan din c^c vln de khic Irong cuoc sdng v i hoc tap ciia em nhu Old nao' ' Can cu- vao bao eao cOa HS, GV c6 the DG NLGQVD cua cac em va dua nhan xet va dieu ehinh phuong phap day hpe Vidu: Van dung kien thdc VL giai thieh eac hien tugng thuc tiin theo mau bao cao tren TenchiJde:Aoinhsamac.UQ\d>Q3n\\ihmh^aQ bu6c tren sa mae nong bong Trdi da ve chieu, hp mong t6i dupe mpt oe dao tn/oc man dem buong xuong B6ng hp thay ti^xa mpt vung nude lap bang, tren doin bong nhirng cay cp xanh mat Hpbi/cre vpi tcJi, nht/ng den noi, ho ngac nhien va that vpng vi ehi thay nhiJng cay ep tren mat cat kho, khong c6 niroc Do la hien tupng ao anh ma eac doan lUhanh c6_the gap di tren sa mac Hay viet mpt bai ttieo mau bao cao tren, khoang 2-3 trang neu ro nguyen nhan eua van de, van de da diin tfii/c te nhuthenao? DE KIEM TRA CHl/ONG- KHUC XA ANH SANG Thdigian: 15 phdt Thoi gian thirc hien: Hpvaten Dja diern: Ngoai gid len ldp San pham: Ban bao eao ca nhan/ CSu hoi: MOt chau dutig nUdc, cd chiet suit n = 4/3 Chilu cao cua nifdc la h d i day nhom chiu cd mflt dl^m sSng S Ti6n mat nUflc cd mflt chile dia trfln bSn kinh R duoc dat tam dia la v i tnem sang S cdng nim tren dudng ttiing ddng 4.3 DG NLGQVD thong qua a) Ban hinh R phai thoa diiu Men gi di cac tia sang ttf S khdng the lfl khoi mat nudc? quan sat cua GV Co the si} dung b) R cd gia hi tii thi^u 6S cac gii Ha sang tCI khdng the lfl khoi mat nUdc Hoi cd each phuong phap nghien eOru truong hop nio Midng cham tdi dia ma vln cho ph^p ngUfli quan sat nhin dUdc vai S khflng^ Bit Urn: HS thi/c hi$n giii tjai toin theo t>USc sau: de thue hien DG NLGQVD thong Hl&j vln dl (ghi rd em hieu vln dl dl bai nhU the nao, ngu ro day la dang bai nao, quaquan siitcuaGV:-_Si/ot; /.'Thong cac ki^n da ctio va bai toan yeu ciu gl?) bao eho GV biet ve tieu chi DG S i i phap thi/C hien (nfiu nj cac budc va kiln thdc diing de giai quylt vin de cau hdi Wn)? NLGQVD; - Budc2:GV soan giao Lip luan logic (em hay trinh bay Idl giai cda vin dl tran)? an va thue hien tien trinh len lop theo OQ glil phap (em cd nhan x6t gl ve bai iam cua mlnti va nhdng vln de neu de bai, phuong phap day hpc neu va nfiu each trinh bay khac nlu c6)7 GQVD.Trongqua'trinhdayhoc.GV van dung vao tinh hu6ng mdi (liy mOt vi du tu nhien llSn quan din van de trfin, glal Ihlch): can neu van de cu the, yeu eau HS 4.2 DG NLGQVD thdng qua san pham hgc phan tieh vadua giai phap tht/e hien, nhan xet each tap cua HS Mot nhung phuong phap DG giai eua ban, dua Icri giai va neu bai toan hoae van i3en di/cfi 8,0 diem va yeu cau N L hieu van de phai dat diem; -Miic 3:HS khong co NLGQVD hoac cb "nhirng yeu Rem neu diem ducA 5,0 hoac hieu sal van de, khong diia dacfe giai phap GQVD Phuemg phap OG NLGQVD cue HS trung hpc thong day hoc VL 4.1.BG NLGQVB thong qua diem sdcua HS GV thiet kS'bai^kiem tra gom nhOng eau hoi yeu eau HS lap iu|n de phat hien va GQVD, nhat la bai toan tong hcp_hoae bai toan thyc tiln, yeu cau HS lien he, xSu chuoi kien thtic da hgc Nha vay, GV nen dung bai kiem tra tu luan vcri eae bai toan gan vcri thyc tien o y CO thithietke phan bai lam eua HS theo mau, yeu cau eae em the hien ro NLGQVD Vidu: (ki2-4/2016) Tap chi Gido due so 380 51 de tucfng tu; - Bt/ffc 5;To chi^c day hpc va tien hanh quan sat HS , , Qua trinh quan sal HS duoc lien hanh nhieu lan gicf hoc va ghi vao nhat i