H i N H THlTC TO CHlTC DAY HOC N H O M Cd HDI PHAT TRIEN Kl NANG NGHE VA NOI CHO HOC SINH TIEU HDC TS CHU TH! PHUONG Abstract Teamwork is an important method in teaching ivhich requires students to in[.]
H i N H THlTC TO CHlTC DAY HOC N H O M Cd HDI PHAT TRIEN Kl NANG NGHE VA NOI CHO HOC SINH TIEU HDC TS C H U TH! PHUONG- Abstract: Teamwork is an important method in teaching ivhich requires students to interact irequenlly with other members Moreover, working in group also helps students deuelop communicatioe skills, especially listening and speaking Keywords: interaction, group, working in group Ngay nhdn bar 24/03/2016; ngdy siia chua: 25/03/2016; duy^t dang: 29/03/2016 X a hpi phattrien doi hoi nguoi cang can co nhung nang luc va ki nang (KN) de hpi nhap vc^ su phat trien ay mpt each tot nhat CO KN giao tiep (nghe noi, 6oc, viet) Ngheva noi vonlahoatdpngtunhieneuaconngudivanodupc hoan thien, phat trien moi trudng xa hpi Tuy nhien, CO KN giao tiep va ed nang li/c sudyng ngon ngii giao tiep lai khdng phai la yeu to mang tinh tunhien ma can dUPc ren luyen thudng xuyen va ti) rat sdm Qua trinh giao tiep moi trudng song va hpc tap se hinh nen KN giao tiep Trong cac KN giao tiep, nghe va noi la hai hoatdpng dupc sudyng nhieu nhat 1.KN giao tiep Theo Tu dien Tieng Viet, KN la "kha nang van dyng nhung kien thiic thu nhan dupc mot linh vuc nao vao thuc te" [1; tr 501] Theo each hieu nay, KN giao tiep la kha nang van dung nhiing kien thuc ve ngon ngU giao tiep Tiiuc te cho thay, khanang hoatdpng ngon ngiipmoingudikhong tinh dibTjyen hay nang lyc bam sinh quyet dinh Trong cupcs6ng,nhdcdsutiepxuc,sugiaotiep vdi nhung ngudixungquanh.con ngudi da hoan thien khanang giaoti^ vatichjuy vd'n ngon ngucho ban than Ngon ngu" va giao tiep b&ng ngon ngii dong vai tro quan trpngtrongsutrudngthanh cua mSingudivatrinh dp phattrien eua xa hpi loai ngudi Giao tiep la hoat dpng dupc dung nham thiet lap sutiepxucvatao nen md'i lien lietuduyglOangUQ^ noi va ngudi nghe, g d len y nghi trao doi va chia se giUa npudivcrinhau.Xahpingaycang phattrien, giao tiep bang Idi noi khong chi bo hep gia dinh ma md rpng ngoai xa hpi; vi vay, KN giao tiep dupc cot lamdt nhutig KN cd ban ben canh cac KN song khac KN giao tiep tot la mpt cac tieu chi danh gia nang lue ngudi; neu co kha nang giao tiep tot, mpi ngudi se de dang trao doi, hgp tacvachia se v d cdng viec Trong cac KN giaoiiep {nghe, noi, dgc, vietf thi nghe va noi la hai KN fli/oc sudyng thudng xuyen hPn Moi quan he giifa hoat dong nhom (HDIJ) va phat trien KN nghe, ndi cho hpc sinh (HS) tieu hpc "Nhdm" (theo T u dien tieng Viet) la: 1) Tap help gom mptsolt ngudi hoac suvat dupe hinhtiianhte nhiing quy tSc nhat dinh"; 2) Hinh thde "tu tap lai decLing lam mpt viec gT [1; tr 699] Nhom la tap hop mpt so ngudi tuan thu nhung quy tac nhat i3infide hpp tac cung giai quyet eong viec gido HDN ddi hoitinh tich cue viec epng^e, chia secuaeacthanhvien cua nhom NhQng yen cau ttiuo! ve nguyen tac cua HBN da thuc day SLf hoat dgng f^ giac ciing nhu the hien nang luc giao tiep, nang liJC tuong tac cua tdng vien Vi v?y myc dich cda HDN la vda g^n ket cac catfievdi vira tao si/hS trp, suchia se tich cue giiia cae vien 0ac tinh cua HDN ia su hc^ tac, tuong tac, suchiase,si/cliiJ dpng tugiac cuatdng canhan Do vay, cacthanhviSn hoat dpng nhdm tuan thu quy tac HDN thi cung dong thdi se hinh cho ban than nhifiig nang luc: nang luc giao tiep,ninglLfc hpp tac va nang luc giaiquyetvan de Cac vien n h ; | : ^ ket vdi bang dudng giao tiep va c f i d f i thdngquahinhtiidc ngheva ndi Dodo, deHDFJd?! hieu qua, trien khaitd'chuc cho HS lam viecnhoni, giao vien (G V) (hoac ngudi di4j khien Idp hpc)lhiKing 'TnrtfngfiaitiocThiiddHaNoi 321 Tgp chi Giao dye so 381 (/ill • 512016) J yeu cau cac nhdm xay dung quy t§c HD N va quy tac HDN khdng the khdng cd quy tac giao tiep Hien nay, nha tn/dng, hinh thuc day hpc nhdm dupc v^n dung thudng xuyen Hinh thue day hpe ddi hoi a ngudi hpc va ca ngudi day nhdng yeu cau phattrien cac nang lue, ddcd nang luc giaotiep,dacbietlagiaotiepkhaungu".Giaotiep khau ngii thiet lap nen md'i quan he tucfng tac giua GV GV, GV - HS, GV - phu huynh HS va HS - HS HS cd KN nghe va ndi totse giup cac em trinh bay y kien ro rang, mach lac va t i ^ nhan thdng tin hieu qua Viec HS biet each chia se, trao doi va l^ng nghe ban be, 9iay cd la co hpi de di den cdng hpc tap va cupc song Dd la hanh trang theo suot cac em qua trinh hpe tap va lam viee tuong lai Do vay,phattrienKNnghe,ndichoHStucaptieuhpcla mpttrong nhung yeu cau co ban cua viec boi dudng nang lyc giao tiep khau ngutrong mdn Tieng Vietd tardng tieu hpc KN nghe va ndi cd md'i quan he ehat che vert su hinh vaphattrien nang luc tuduy Phat trien Id ndilacosddephattrien tuduy Viec ren KN nghe, ndi eho HS khdng nhOng giup cho viec phattrien tu ma khPi day tu tich cue, ung bien nhanh nhen vahieu quatrong giao tiep Cac nha nghien cuu ngdn ngii cho rang su phat trien tri tue ngudi phan Idn phu thupc vao nang luc ngdn ngiicua ngudi dd Bdi vi cac thdng tin truyen tai bSng Idl ndi ed dae diem la ludt nhanh nen ddi hoi viec ttiu nhan, ma hda, luu trii, phan tich, chuyen ddi thdng tin nhanh hPn va eao hPn viec tiep nhan tidng tin bang hoatdpng dpc Dieu ddcho thay, phattrien nang iuc ngdn ngd, phat trien nang Iuc nghe vandi edvai trddae biettrong viec phat trien tri tue eua tre em Cac KN nghe, ndi, dpc, viet ed md'i quan he chat ehe vdi Nghe va dpc thudc pham tnj tiep nhan Noi va viet thupc pham tm bleu dat Tang cuong ren KN nghe, ndi gdp phan nang cao nang luc dpc, viet Hon nua Idi ndi la subieu dat nhiing suy nghi Dd la qua trinh nhanh chwig chuyen Kr tiianh Id ndi Oe bieu dat dupc Id ndi, tn/dc tien, can phai cd tu tUPng (suy nghT) ro rang, sau ddsap xep, lua ehpn td ngii Ihich hpp tao tiianh mpt cau nhat dinh roi thdng qua bp may phat am chuyen Id ndi va dong tiid dua vao phan dng eua ngudi nghe de dieu chinh ndi dung eudc giao ti^.Detiep nhan thdng tin vacd phan hoi nhanh qua trinh ndi - nghe, nghe - noi (qua trinh trao -dap), n g u d nghe can nghe rd dupc y kien (iii 1-5/2016) cua ngud ndi va phaied kha nang nhan thdc s^c ben, cd nang luc phan tich, khai quat nhan xet Trong ftnh hdi tiep nhan Id ndi, kha nang tu la ye'u tdcp ban tao nen nang lue nghe, ndi, nang lue to chdc Id ndi va nang luc phan ung Do vay, frong day hpe Tieng Viet va eac mdn hpc khac, boi d u ^ g nang luc nghe, ndi dong thdi ciing chinh la ren luyen tong hpp nang lUC ngon ngii cho HS Nang lue nghe va ndi cd quan he v d nang lUC tham mi Trong qua trinh hpc tieng Vietd tieu hpc, de giup cho HS cam nhan dupc cai hay, cai dep cae bai tap dpc, eae eau chuyen, b i n g ehinh gipng dpc, gipng ke, gipng noi ttuyen cam cua minh, G V se tao nen dHS nguon cam xuc Nghe dpc diwi cam bai tho, bai van va nhiing Id mieu ta, HS cd the tudng tupng, lien tUPng va tai hien lai buc tranh sinh dpng ve cupc sd'ng de'tusuy ngam,ti'ainghiem ve mpt cau tiio hay, mpt hinh anh dep Nghe cau ehuyen qua gipng kecua GV, HScdthecam nhan dupe cai dep tung nhan vat Am thanh, gipng dieu cua thay cd, ban be va cua chmh m inh cac gid hpc tap dpc, ke chuyen khoi gpi o H S nguon cam vd tan ve cai dep Dd la dudng hinh nang luc tiiam m l eho HS mptcach trpn ven Cach to chijc nhom day hpc nhom Lam viec nhdm dat nhung quy dinh eho eac vien tiiam gia: lam viee dung gid; cd KN giao tiep; chu ddng, tich cue; ed trach nhiem; c d mdchia se Trong do, KN giao tiep da dat mptso quy tie can tuan thu quatrinh HDN: bie'tlang nghe tich cue, nghe cham chu; tuan thu nguyen tac luan phien lupt id, tranh CUdp id; sudyng ngO dieu ndi phu hpp; CO thai dpbinh tmh, hda nha trao ddi gdp ykien Vi tiie, khdng phai ngau nhien tnidc to chdc HDN, cae nhdm til udng xay dung cac quy tac lam viee ehung va dat quy t i e giao tiep Cac td'chuc nhdm day hpc nhdm cdthettiyc hien theo cac budc sau:-Si/dc 7: GV to chuc chia nhdm Cd nhieu each chia nhdm: Chia nhdm ttieo dcS tiipng cung yeu thich mpt chu de; chia nhdm ttieo hinh ttiuc danh so 1,2,3,4,5; lap l£U 1,2,3,4,5 va nhdng HS mang cung sd'setao nhdm ; - Budc2 G V neu chu di/de tai hoac npi dung tiaodoinhom Vi du, gid hpc Tieng Viet, GV to chde cho Icp hpe chia nhieu nhom Nhiem vy cua eac nhdm la trao doimptvan de"Lam tiienao debao vemdi tiiidng"; (Xem tiep trang 31) Tap chi Gido due so 381 33 ... phan dng eua ngudi nghe de dieu chinh ndi dung eudc giao ti^.Detiep nhan thdng tin vacd phan hoi nhanh qua trinh ndi - nghe, nghe - noi (qua trinh trao -dap), n g u d nghe can nghe rd dupc y kien... Dieu ddcho thay, phattrien nang iuc ngdn ngd, phat trien nang Iuc nghe vandi edvai trddae biettrong viec phat trien tri tue eua tre em Cac KN nghe, ndi, dpc, viet ed md''i quan he chat ehe vdi Nghe. .. tuong lai Do vay,phattrienKNnghe,ndichoHStucaptieuhpcla mpttrong nhung yeu cau co ban cua viec boi dudng nang lyc giao tiep khau ngutrong mdn Tieng Vietd tardng tieu hpc KN nghe va ndi cd md''i quan