1 1 uiAN eiAo ayt • BAY H^C TO CHlifC HOAT DONG GOC GHO TRE M I U GIAO 5 0 TUDI LAM QUEN Vfll GHif VlfT NGUYEN THI HUONG LAN'''' Ngay nhdn bai 14/04/2016; ngay siia chiia 16104/2016 ngdy duyet Mng 17/04/[.]
1.1 uiAN eiAo ayt • BAY H^C TO CHlifC HOAT DONG GOC GHO TRE M I U GIAO 5-0 TUDI LAM QUEN Vfll GHif VlfT N G U Y E N THI H U O N G LAN' Ngay nhdn bai: 14/04/2016; siia chiia: 16104/2016: ngdy duyet Mng: 17/04/2016 Abstract: Basing on theory and the reality of organizing corner actiolties for preschoolers aged to years old to approach letters, this arltlcle mentions some methods of organizing corner activities In order to help preschoolers at the age of to years old to get acquainted with tetters in effective ways and get excited of teaming Keywords: Comer actiuity Kindergarten, Preschool, Gel acquainted with tetters, to years old preschooiers C ho tre lam quen vdl chdvlet nhiing nam dau tien cua cude ddi la mdtndi dung giao due (GD) quan trpng eua tn/dng mam non (MN) Day la su khdi dau cho qua trinh tre trd ngudi biet chii mdt xa hdi dpc, viet Viec cho tre lam quen vdl ehiivletse giup tre nhan bietva phat am 29 ehiicailiengyiet,hleumdlquanhegiitaldindlvachii viet, nhan biet hudng eua chi? viet, hieu y nghia cua chitvlet, dupc lam quen vdi ngdn ngiivlet, ddng thdi lam quen vdi tu the' ngdi, each cam but, dua but tao nhimg chir ban dau va lam quen vdt each trinh bay ciia van ban viet Hien dtrudng MN, ngoai cac tiet hpc cho tre lam quen vdi chi?ealva eac tiet hpc uu the thi lam quen vdi ehirvle't cdn dupc tien hanh tren cac boat ddng khac nhau, ttong dd ed hoat dong goc (HOG); nhung thuc te, viec cho tre iam quen vdl chd viet thdng qua HSG vdn cdn han che, neu cdciingmdnhat, tuphat chu eh uacdsu chuan bjtdt cua giao vlen(GV);vithe, ket quaGDcdn nhieu han che Bai viet de xuat mdt sdbien phap td chiie HOG giiip tre mau giao 5-6 tudi lam quen vdl ehii viet mdt each hieu qua, ddng thdi giiip tre ed thai dp hiing thu vdihoatddngnay To chiie HOG cho tre m l u giao 5-6 tudi lam quen vdi chii viet la td chiic qua trinh tae ddng su pham mpt each cd mue dich, cd ke hoach cia nha GD thdng qua boat dpng giOa cd va tr^ tai cac gdc nham cho tre lam quen vdlviec dpc vavlet,hinhthanh mdtsdkTnangcanthletchuanbichotrevaohocldpl vatrong cupcsdng tuong lai, thue hien duoc muc tieu vanhlemvuGDtreMN Tre 5-6 tudi cd d^e diem phatttien visinh li, lam II ed lien quan tn;c tiep den viee to' chiic HBG cho Ire lam quen vdi cMvlet, cu the": - ferfac tf/ism s/n/i/i Cac te bao than kinh vo nSo dupc biet hda nhung chua hoan toan, eac khe ranh tren vd nao dupc khac sau hon so vdl mdi sinh Hoat ddng phan tich tong hpp ciia cac ban cau dalnaoph^ trie'n manh Suthanh lap dudng lien hethan kinhtjij thdi diln nhanh va suphan hda eac tin hi§u nh|! thiie ehinh xac hon Phan xa cd dieu kien hinh vatrdnen ben viing hon Cac CO quan phan tich cua tre da dan hoan thien va thuc hien dupc cac chic nang nhu ngudi Idn _ - VeaacMh tam ir Nhieu pham chatchijycia tre dupc phat trie'n tren nen tang eua tinh chii djnh; chuyedehudjnhphat trie'n manh,ben viing hon.Ire nhay cam vdi ngdn ngi?; cam giac, tri giac hoan thiff! va nang cao,thudng gan vdl chinh hoatdgng cua tra Tri nhfldae tmng bdi tri nhdtnie quan lianh ddng,bSI dau hinh tri nhd logic, nhien tri nhd may mdc van edvaltrd dang ke dd'i vdi eudc sdng cua tre Ngdn ngit phat trie'n ia dieu kien td't giup cho tri nhii cOa tre thay doi dang ke' Tre cd ca ba loai tu duy: Hi duytnjc quan hanh dpng, tuduytmcquan hinh tmg, tuduytniu tuong,mpi sdydutdeuatuduylog'K; d m xuathien Chat luong cda viec to ehiic HBG eho tre mau giao 5-6 tud'i lam quen vdl chi? viet phg thupc nhto vao viec nhan thiic va each thdc tdchiic eac hoat W G D c u a G V M N Ketqua didu tia thue trang c h o M nhan thtic cua GV chua thtic su day du, h o ? t ™ *Tni8iigl)9ihpGHoaljr 281 Tup chi Giao due so 382 (kl 2-5/2016) cho tre lam quen vdi ehiiviet chu yeu dupc coi la viec day cho tre biet dpc, biet viet ma it quan tam tdi viec chuan bjvetam li, nhiing ki nang can thiet cho hoat dpng hpc tap d Idp eung nhu ehuan bi cupc sd'ng Irong tt/ong lai eua tre vatao mditn/dng thuan Ipi eho tre tiep xdc vdi chOviet, khoi gpi d t i s u h a m hpc hoi, tinh yeu tieng Viet GV chii ye'u tap tmng vao cho tre tap td, tap Viet eac net ehii, dpc cliiicai, tren cac tiet hpc cho tre lam quen vdi chii cai ma it quan tam eac hoatddng khac MN de tre de nhan dang Nen stidung chait lieu giay deeanedmau sac tuoi sang,ndi bat de thu hutst; ehii yciiatre G V tochuc cac hoat ddng eua gdc phong phii de' eho tre d l dang to ehpn GV gidi thieu, cho tre to ehpn, quan sat, giiip dd, goi md kip thdi de'tre hoan nhiem vu, ddng thdi tao nhiing tinh hudng mdigluptrethe'hlenkhanangban than;taocam giao thoai mai, tranh sti rap_khudn, gd ep vao cac boat ddng ma GV da djnh s i n Nghien ciiuthyc trang cung eho th ay,GVda quan tam de'n viec tdctiilc HOG eho tre mau giao 5-6 tudi lam quen vdl ehiiviet nhung quatrinhthuchien, GV chua dua nhiing bien phaphiiu hieu giup ire lam quen vdl ehirvle't hieu qua nhat, viee tdchiic eac hoat ddng tai eac gdc cho tre chua phong phu, chua tao dupe stiha'p d i n , Idl eud'n tre tham gia Tre chua that su nam dupe eac ki nang hoat ddng lam quen vdl ehiiviet, phan Idn van phaldua vao SIJ goiy cua GV, ed nhieu tre chua thtic hien dung quy tSc, hanh viciia ngudi dpc, viet, - Bieu irien van dung: + l i u tien cac an pham si/ dung loaichiiealin thuting matredupc hpc qua boat ddng lam quen vdl chiieal dtn/dng MN; -i- So luimg an pham phai phong phii, da dang, dam bao ndi dung khoa hpe,tinh tha'm ml, phijhpp vcri chu de,mue dich GD; + Can phdi hpp vdi phu huynh de'bdsung 6o dung, sach bao, tranh tmyen gdc thu vien eiia tredtardngMN ^ 2.2 Tao nhieu ca hgi hoat dong khac cho tre tai cac goc: - Muc dich:+ Qua trai nghiem, tre khac sau bie'u Mot so bien phap to'chiic HSG cho tre 5-6 tupng ve chd viet {ten chir, eau tao chir); + Tre dutac thao tae tn/c hep vdi eac dung lien quan de'n qua tud'i lam quen voi c h i i viet 2.1 Tao mdi trudng an pham phong phti tie trinh lam quen vdi chO viet nhu: sach, vd, biit, ban, ghe, ; + Tre tich cue, hting thu vdi hoat ddng lam tretiepxtic vcrlchuvlei quen vdl ehiiviet gdc choi nhlm phattrie'n nhieu -Muc i f e f t + Taomdl tn/dng chii viet phong phti ki nang van ddng tirih khac can cho qua trinh cho tre qua cac an pham: sach, bao, tnjyen, ; + Tre lam quen vdi ehirviet hdng thu, ham thich,kich th ich tinhtdmdvaed thai dp -A/p/tfonp.-GV dua ra^nhieu hoat ddng nhd khac quan tam de'n ehiiviet thdng qua st/da dang cua cac an pham; + Tre &wc trai nghiem vdl viec lam quen tai mdi gdc nhlm detre lam quen vdi ehiiviet - Cach tien /tarj/);G V trd ehuyen ciing tre ve chu ehirviet mdt each tore tiep, ttinhlen,thoai mai, khdng bj gd bd, ap dat + Lam phong phu them hinh thdc td de choi, gpi y cho tre lua ehpn vai choi, gdc choi, y tudng choi, each choi chuc HOG cho tre lam quen vdi cliii viet Khuyen khich tredua vathuchlen nhilu phuang -Noidung.'GMtao mdt khdng gian art pham phong an boat ddng cd the'thue hien mdt gdc choL Vi phu, da dang de'tre lam quen vdi chOviet du: dgde tao hinh, treed the ve, nan, xe dan, xep hot - Cacti tiihhanhiGV chon khdng gian, dien tich hat, Ngay boat dpng ve, GV tsip cac CO hdi vdn cd eua Idp hpe dd* lam dja diem, tao gdc thu vien hoat ddng khac cho tre nhu: tao hinh ehi? cai eho tre, cung cap cho tre sach bao, an pham mang y b l n g eac ngdn tay len eat, bang but ehi mau, biit da nghTaGDnhatiljnh,phu hpp vdl ndi dung ciia chOde mau, Tre dupe thao tac tn/e tiep vdi cac dung cu, vamucdichGD dupc trai nghiem tn/c tIe'p theophuong thiic 'Ihii Vi du: Trong gdc thu vien, GV chua'n bj cae tti sar detim kie'n thdc dung Bang'each dd, tre hpc dijng sach, bao, an pham dupc chia nhieu khu dupc each cam but, tu the ngdi diing, ed dupe suphd'l vuc, sau dd trang tri cac an pham that dep, sap xep hpp kheo leo gida cac ngdn tay, tang cudng su deo cac an pham theo tiing khu vuc rieng, phan chia a'n dai cua CO tay, kha nang ket hpp cac giac quan khac pham theo bai nhu: khu vuc sach, khu vi/e tniyen mpt hoatddng tranh, khu vuc bao, mpt each gpn gang, khoa hpc; GV ddng vai trd la ngudi tdchiic, hudng dan, giup tai tung khu VUI! ed g5n chii, ki hieu tuong dng vdi khu ddtre, eung tre nhan xet, danh gia san pham eua tre vuc ddde'tre d l n h a n bietva lam quen GV khdng nen de'tre boat ddng lien tue tai mdt gdc Ten gdc dupc cdt dan bSng mdu chii in thutJng, choi, ddng vien de'tre thir sde minh eac boat kie'uehiisi/dung eho tre lam quen vdi chOcaldtn/ting ddng khac (kl 2-5/2016) Tap chi Gide due so 382 29 -Bieukien van dung:* Chuan bidd diing, dd choi phong phti, hap dan delhu hutsuchiiyvakich Ihictitre hoat ddng tich cue; + G V phai cd ki nang thiet ke, to chiic, danh gia boat ddng cua tre; -t Tao eo hdi cho tre hoat ddng phti hpp vcri kha nang cua tre 2.3 St/ dung tro choi tao dung chii cai theo miu bang nhieu loai chat lieu tai goc tao hinh: - Muc dich:* Tre khlc sau bie'u tupng ve eh ii cai matre xep (ten gpi, eau tao ehi?cai),-+ Tich cue, thd vcri hoat ddng lam quen vdi ehi? viet gdc Choi;-f Phattrien van ddng hnh ciia cac ngdn tay, lam tien dekhlchotre lam quen vdl viec cam but viet chir -/Vp/dung.'Thdng qua trd choi, tre thue hien dupe nhiem vuvaeiingcdhieu biet vechi?viet mdt each nhenhang - Cach fen hanh GV ehuan bj diing, dd choi nhu: giay In cac chi? eai in thudng, viet thudng matre da hpc, cac hot hat, day ien, giay, keo, keo dan, bang dinh, GV gpi md va hudng dan tre trang tri nhimg chitcai blng cac vat lieu da duoc G V chuan bi nhu: hot hat, len spi de cho nhi?ng ehi? cai them sinh ddng vadep hon, cho tre to ehpn nhung ehdeai ma tre thich, GV hudng d i n tre tao san pha'm, ludn quan sat, gpi y de tre tht/c hien dupe y tudng ciia minh thdng qua vdng day len va xep hot hat vao cae mau chi? cai cd s i n de' dan trang tri cac chti cai; khuyen khich tre manh dan, tutin, kien tri, viec tao nen san pham, biet bao ve, gii?gin san pham cua minh tao (3V cung cap cho tre vd'n kie'n thue ve eac chii cai thdng qua cac hoatddng nhu: lam quen vdi ehi?cai, eac hoat ddng khac tn/dc eho tre tham gia trd choi, G V thao luan cung tre ve yeu cau ciia trd choi Neu tre chua hieu, GV nhac iai va cd the lam m l u , sau ddcho tiing tre hoac nhdm tre Cling thuc hien.De tre hoatddngjudo nhung ludn cd suquan sat, gliip dd, hudng dan tre gap khd khan Khi tre hoan xong san pham, GV cho trung bay san pham tai ban va de'tre tu gidi thieu ve san pha'm ciia minh cho cac ban quan sat va nhan xet, GV se la ngudi nhan xet cudi cung - Bieu kien van dung:* Cd khdng gian choi rdng rai, dodung day dii phuc vy cho hoatddng; + Tre da nhan thticdupcvlcau taochOcaitrudckhitham gia chal; + TrecdkTnangvanddngtinh, kheo leo cua ddi ban tay; + GV ed kinh nghiem, linh hoat tdchiic hoatdgngdetao thii cho tre _ Dekffim chdng vetinh kha thicila cac bien phap dexuat, chung tdi da tie'n hanh thyc nghiem su pham tren tre vdi eac tieu chidanhglaniiusau:-Treed thai dp quan tam chu viet; - Tre nhan dang, phan biet dupe cae ehircal;-Trebietvietcae netchii,saoi ehii cal;-Thehien mdt sdquy tae boat dgng' -The hien dung hanh vl eua ngudi Viet Thangdanhgia: - Mtit; rfd/: Trekhdng thich ttiu, khdng nh?n ilang, khdng phan biet, khdng bidt viet cac net ehO, khing chep dupe, khdng bietthe'hidn eac quy tic Irong hoatddng viet va khdng bietthe'hien hanh vlcOajgi/ol viet dd'i vdl ehuviet - Mire dgS: Tre thieh thii, nhan dang, phan bia, biet viet cac net ehu, ed kha nang c h ^ dupc,b^ the' hien cac quy t i c boat ddng viet va biii the hien hanh vi etia ngt/di viet dd'i vcri ehdviet nhung can cd sy hudng dan giup dd eiia GV -/WifctfdaTre rat thieh thii, nhan dang, phan biet biet viet cac net ehii, ed kha nang chep lliiif:,tii the'hlencacquytletronghoatddngvietvabiellhetiien hanh viciia ngudi viet ddi vdichuvietmdt each dgclap Bang Iht/c nghiem doi vdl idp 5-6 tuoi, mdi lip 30 IK Nhan xet kel qua Itii/c nghi$m: Nhnm thifc nghiem (TN) TT Tniac TN Milcdo S6 SauTN S6 Tiie % li/Ong Tiie Nhdm nil chOna TnWcTN S6 Til? SauilN,- sA % % •f iiTilng imjrp li/Ona Mc tia 30,0 uiscetz 18 60,0 17 56,7 21 70,0 22 73,1 10,0 30.0 10.0 13,3 A\Jc6o3 13,3 20.0 13,3 Khi ap dung cac bien phap tren, nhan thay CO ket qua chuyen bien giu'a cac mac nhir sau; -Boivdinhom TN: C6s\Jhaydou6i\e\Q\\hm^ d p i vamu'cdp3.Cuthe:mLrcdo1 tru6cTNIa9tre (30%),^sauTN giam tre (13,3%); muc thay doi I6n; trudc TN la tre (10%), sau TN tang ler tre (30 %); muc dp2 chenh lech giiia trudc TN vasau TN l^hong dang ke D si |_ tyK* lifpngi , TfifUoTN _| 54 IT^WK llfenul SauJN I „ _ •iMuoaJ' S6 S TvltKJ TylCa s SAi 'T t K « Wong It/TUDi TnfftGlN I SauTN N)i6ffl d6l ch>>ng Do Ihl bieu dien liet qua ^ - Boi vdinhom doichOngr S li thay da khong (SnS giira cacmu'cdptnidcvasauTN.Nhi; vay, v l e c ^ gia cac bien phap dua nh^m cho tre 5-6 tu^Sn (Xem tiep iratig^O) 301 Tap chi Gide due so 382 (ki 2-512016) ... bd, ap dat + Lam phong phu them hinh thdc td de choi, gpi y cho tre lua ehpn vai choi, gdc choi, y tudng choi, each choi chuc HOG cho tre lam quen vdi cliii viet Khuyen khich tredua vathuchlen... nghiem doi vdl idp 5- 6 tuoi, mdi lip 30 IK Nhan xet kel qua Itii/c nghi$m: Nhnm thifc nghiem (TN) TT Tniac TN Milcdo S6 SauTN S6 Tiie % li/Ong Tiie Nhdm nil chOna TnWcTN S6 Til? SauilN,- sA %... 18 60 ,0 17 56 ,7 21 70,0 22 73,1 10,0 30.0 10.0 13,3 A\Jc6o3 13,3 20.0 13,3 Khi ap dung cac bien phap tren, nhan thay CO ket qua chuyen bien giu''a cac mac nhir sau; -Boivdinhom TN: C6s\Jhaydou6i\e\Q\\hm^