Dg»/wtHpC 5(57 2016 VAN HOA GIAO DUC T H U O N G THlJC 65 ^ SU CHON LIIA VA T 6 CHOC DIEM NHIN TRONG TIEU THUYET CUA GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ DiS^TV^NDE Gabrid Garda Mirquez li tie gja ldn cfla nln vin[.]
65 Dg»/wtHpC 5(57-2016 VAN HOA - GIAO DUC T H U O N G THlJC ^ SU CHON LIIA VA T CHOC DIEM NHIN TRONG TIEU THUYET CUA GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ ThS.NGUYlNTH|HA0 Vien Khoa hpc Giio due Viet Nam DiS^TV^NDE Gabrid Garda Mirquez li tie gja ldn cfla nln vin hpe hifn thflc huyin My Latuih Sang tdc cfla nhi vdn Id kho tdng van hgc vd gii ddi vdi nhan Ioai, die bift li d the logi tilu thuyet De cd dtfpc thdnh congfrongthe logi niy, sfl lfla chpn vd tfi ehfle dilm nhm li yeu to kl thugt mang lgi thinh cdng cho sing tie cfla nhi vin 11:01^ do, da dilm nhln, nhgp dilm nhln Iim mfit, I i ^ phien dion nhln Ii nhflng die diem chinh ky thugt xay dtfng diem nhin ciia nhd v^ 1.KHAlNl|M£)liMNHiN Dilm nhln la ylu td cd bin, then chfit cfla kit du, ed vai trd quylt dinh hdnh trinh khim phi van bin ngon tfl cfla dpc gii va chuyen tai quan nifm nghl thuit cfla tic gii Khi i ^ i f n cflu Iy thuyet ve diem nhin, cac nhi nghien cflu di dtfa nhflng cadi hilu khac Theo Cao Kun Lan: "diem nhm li mfit minh khde thupe ve ky thuat mfit phtfong tifn de ehung ta cd the di den dieh vdi tham vpng nhit: sflc quyln ru cfla truyfn kl Dd li btfdc hifn thfle hda vifc thilt lip ciu tnic vzn bin tic phlm, thflc thi mycfreucfla tie gii ham an va hfldng tdi thuylt phye doe gii ve mpt van de nhat dinh gin vdi quan nifm va ttf ttfdng" [Cao Kun Lan, 2015, fr.267,264], TU diin thudt ngd van hoc dinh nghia: "Dilm nhin Id vi tri tfl dd ngtfdi trin thuit nhin vi mieu ti sfl vgt frong tic pham" [LIBi Han, 2006 tr.ll3] Co nhilu eieh phan chia diem nhin khie nhau: dtfa vio diim nhln ciia chfl thl phdt ngdn, ed thl phdn chia Iam: di&n nhhi ding sau -fridntri/bilt tudt (ngfldi kl chuyln bilt tfi ei nhiing stf kifn diln vi thuat lgi); dilm nhln ben frong (dilm nhin xuat phit tfl nhan vgt, nhdn vit tfl bpc bach tim ttf, suy nghi cua bdn thdn), dilm nhln ben ngoii (ngtfdi kl diuyfn nhin tfl ben ngoai, ed thl Id ddng vai trd Id nhiing nhin vit khde, vi the hifn quan diem cfla minh vl nhan vgt); dfla vdo khdng gian cd thl phan chia thdnh: diem nhln xa, gin, frin, dfldi, Ifeh, thang Ngoai ra, cdn ed thl phin ehia theo: d i ^ nhln tim Iy, dilm nhln v^ hda, d i ^ nhln gidi tinh, lfla tudi, quan hf cfia eie nhdn vgt Du xuit phit tfl kieu diem nhin nio, thl dieu quanfrpngtgo giifrjkit ciu dflpc todn v?n, dd Id sfl lfla chpn vi t6 chfle diem nhin Cich thflc lfla chpn vi td ehflc dilm nhbi sl eho phep m6i kieu diem nhin phit huy toi da vai tro vi ]?^ nghia ciia no Sfl lfla chpn vi x6 chfle dilm nhlnfrongtiluthuylt cfla G.CMarquez chiu dnh hfldng ldn tfl quan dilm nghf thuat, ttf tfldng chu dl, sfl lfla chpn kit cau, nln van hda My Latuih ' iif Irfq rhfin Ic&t can npn vari tina l\ Dl CHUYEN DI^M NHIN GIUA CAC CHU T H I T R A N T H U A T T R O N G T I ^ U T H U Y ^ C U A G.G.MARQUEZ Bang vifc di chuyln diem nhln Hfn tyc tfl nhin vat sang nhin vgt khic theo diln biln, tinh tilt vi tinh cim, tdc gii da d^t cic quan diem ei nhin vio ttfong quan doi sinh vdi cic ci nhan khde vd dfii li cfla ca mfit nhdm i^di/xa hpi/thdi dgi Tuy ngim phin djiih vl cac ngfii kl chfl dao vi i^oi kl chu dgo van li ngdi ke cd quyln ning nhat qui trinh kl nhflng moi thl tai tilu thuylt vifc phin djnh niy chi mang tinh chat ttfong ddl Sy ltfa dipn dilm nhin chu dgo la cln thiet cau tnic cfla toan tic phlm, thl hifn rd vifc phin djnh ngdi kl tflng dogn nhtfngfrongmoi tilu thuyet ehung ta cung thly sfl di dpng cfla ba dilm nhm: di&n nhin zero (hogc khfing tieu diem); dilm nhm bin va dilm nhin bin ngoii Sfl di chuyln diem nhin gin liln vdi di chuyln cac ngfii ke d nhieutieuthuyet mfit dogn i^an, tdc gii di chuyln di&n nhin qua rlt nhieu nhan vat nhim the hifn cdm xuc cua mfii nhin vat, qua dd Ifit ti bdn chat cfla stf viec hifn ttfpng Sfl kifn am sit Ttfdng quin khong cfla phe ndi day dtfpc the hifn dilm nhin cua nhieu nhan vit hen quan Bin hi hai (Tfldng quan) thi tuyen bd khdng dilufravu im sdt dd, thfingtintrln cde phtfong tifn thfing tin dai chflng rd ndi vl stf kifn ndy nhtf thit vdi minh chflng vl sfi Iflpng ketinhnghi bj ban tgi quingfrtfdngldn Ttfdng quin ndi rang minh rlt yeu nhtfngtindon lgi truyin ring ngii Igi cd sflc khfie phi thtfdng Trong Kf sii vi mdt cdi chit dUde bdotirUdc,nhin vgt "tdi" dtfpc sfl dyng d ngdi thfl nhlt dfing vaifrdngfldi kl chuyfn, khdng gin lien vdi tic gia TVong cie tieu Auyet cuafing,day li nhin vat "toi" cd khodng cich gan nhlt vdi ddi thfle, tii hifn chin thtfc ngtfdi cfla nhi van So vdi "tfii"frongHSi Uc vi mgt co gdi dUm buon eua toi, nhin vgt ndy d\it?c "hfia than" toin difn hon Tuy vgy, nhan vat "tfii" d day lgi cd khoang eich rlt gan vdi ngdi thfl ba, stf di ehuyen dilm nhin dl biy td quan diem vl nhflng dilu da biet Ngi^l kl chuyfnfrdthdnh ngfldi biet tufit, thl hifn cac diln i^dn khde trfldc mfii sfl kiln Dogn dpc thogi cfla vj trfldng lao Mita thu cda vi trUdng ldo vl quyln Iflc cd sfl di chuyen diem nhin hen tyc gifla cic ngoi kl: "Tdi da efi quyln lfle hdn bit k)' itidt aifrongsfi hp nhflng lgi It hdn quyen Iflc cua hai ngtfdi epng lgi, ma van khdng biet ring eo the quan sit nhflng suy nghi ciia mpt ngtfdi gia ngfldi da luon xuat hifn frong ding vl t h ^ trpng e6 hflu, chflng tdi thay ve dau ddn eua minhfronginh mit, thly sfltirongfringqua ddt mdi mdng cfla ngtfdi thieu nfl, khfing run ray Idii trln chudi gtfdm S6 7-2016 I ^ i ^ j F i ^ 66 cfla ehflng tdi bufii trfla kmh hoing hp din gpi anh vln khdngtiiflan h ^ mi ebl coi dd nhfl dfi thfl cdng my n ^ f dl dfla tin tfle radi vl ngii tfing tiidng" [G.G.Mirquez, 1976, mi khdng cd cd sd khoa hpc Cho din khi, dia xfl phii hi bd fr.52] Trong dogn dfic thogifrfn, chiing ta thly sfl di chuyen f djnh bien thdnh tin cfla dao Thiln chua Trong dilm nhin lien tyc tfl ngdi thfl nhlt s6 it (tfii) sang ngfii sfi ba Kf sU ve mdt cdi chit du^c bdotintdc.Angde Viscario da nhjo sfi nhilu (hp) roi chuyln sang ngfii thfl nhlt sfi nhilu (chung bing eha xii ldm phlp cho 11 cfldi cfla efi bing hinh dnh tiifi tdi) vi Igi chuyln sang ngdi thfl ba sfi nhilu (cdc tfi ehflc, chinh tye, mia maitiidngqua vifc cha thjt mpt gd vi chl dn mdi phfl) Dieu dd cho thSy bdn chat cua chl dfi ehuyen quyln vi eii mio gi tinh tfly tifn ciia mgng lfldi moi quan hf Nhin vgt li nha bao Trong TUdng qudn giaa me Iwn ti'dn, tic gii da stf dyng ky gii HSi Uc vi mdt cd gdi dUm budn cua toi, xflfrg "tdi" ngoi kl tiiuit di chuyen dilm nhin luin phien gifla tflng cip nhin vit thfl nhlt sfi it bfic bgch tdm sfl, kl vl nhflng diln biln Khi Mfranda Lynsay din gip Ttfdng quin sau 15 nam, cie ddi sdng vi tinh cdm cua bin than Tfl dilm nhhi trpng tim sfl kifn dfing hifn qui khfl vi tfldng Iai bin t}c dflpc eiia nhin vit "tfii", tic gii di ehuyen diem nhin sang my chfl kl lai qua dilm nhin eua hai nhin vit niy Mmranda Lynsay ehfla kl vl cufic song vi sd phin hSm hiu eua be gdi, rdi di lufin nhd den Tfldi^ quin: "nhfl mfit ngtfdi danfingcfin gii chuyen sang be gai de the hiln nfii sp hii cfla cd ngu hdn cdi tuoi ba mtfdi hai, da dl xanh xao ving vpt, vdi him khitiepxuc lln dau vdi nhan vdt tfii, sau dd Igi quay vl dilm ran vd ria mep ldm chdm cua mfit ngtfdi da den va bp tdc ddi nhin cua nhan vgt "tdi" nhan dinh vl ding ngu lam minh say eham vai" [G.G.Marquez, 1999 fr.ll2-n3l, cdn Tfldng quan dim cua cd gii Di chuyln dilm nhln qua nhan vit khiln thi nhd den cfi gdi: "Ngoii sdc d?p cfla minh ra, Mfranda cfin eii nhin ve ed gdi toin difn hon, mde dfl dd van Id sfl toin difn ed mfit pham gii khd vtfpt qua" [G.CMdrquez, 1999, fr.ll2trong mo hd, vi thfle tl lai lich cfla cd bl van khdng dflpc trpn 117], Chuyfn tuih cua hai ngtfdi cich 15 nam, Miranda v?n Tin tdc ve mgt vu bdt cdc, tic gii don frpng tdm kl vio khdng nhflng gifl dtfpc phlm gia eua nflnh (chi cho ngii diflig ngtfdi kl chuyen d ngdi thfl ba, diem nhin bin ngoii li chu lai d nhflng ny hdn dem) md cdn giup ngii thoit khoi dgo Cdi nlun cua ngtfdi ke chuyfn Id thuin tuy, khdch quan Diem nhin eua ngtfdi kl chuyfn tfl bin ngoii, tiln triln theo vy dm sit mfit eich kin dio vi kip thdi Mfit ciu ndi: "Tat ci se tinh tiet sy kifn eua ciu chuyfn Tfl ngfii kl frpng tim, dl lam dung luc" [G.CMarquez, 1999, tr.l 17-118] dtf pc lap di lap dgt dflpc eie dyng y nghf thuat, tac gii di chuyln diem nhin lgi thi qua dilm nifln cfla Ttfdng qudn, tfu qua difin qua tflng nhin vgt stf kiln dang dflpc nhic tdi ding idfln ciia cfi gai tao cho ngtfdi dpe cim gidc vl phlm ^a vtfpt mdt khfing gian can phfing, tie gid di chuyln dilm nhln qua thdi gain cua CO tat cd nhan vgt bi bdt cdc vd nhflng ngtfdi canh gifl, Ifit td suy DA DliM NHiNTRONG MOT CHO T H I TRAN nghi, eim xflc cfla moi ngfldi Tuy d nhflng vj thl khie THUAT TRONG Tliu THUY^ COA G,G.MARQUEZ nhflng tat cd ede nhan vgt diu mat ttf vi cdm thly tfl tung Day Id dilm mdi cfla nhd vin tran thuat, mang d ^ cim Dd Id bdn chit cfla stf vifc dtfpc thl hifn qua nhiing doi tflpng quan da frj mfit nhln vat, dd chinh la cdm xdc khie Trong dd, dilm nhln chfl dao d ngdi thfl ba van "Ifldng phin" cua ngfldi Ddi vdi tilu thuyet huyen do, tac dtfpc tri va chiemtfuthl thdng qua nhflng doan mieu ti gii thfldng dimg dan xen nhilu ngfii ke khic nhau,frongdd khfing ffan ein phdng hay boat dfing cfla cde nhin vdt eflng ngfii kl chfl dgo thfldng thupe vl ngtfdi ke chuyfn todn tri nhfl sfl chi phfii cfla ngtfdi kl chuyfn thfl ba din nhflng ngtfdi Ngfldi kl chuyfn dfldng nhtf "biet tu6t" ve so phin cua cdc ke chuyfn (hay nhin vat) cdn Igl Giii mi nguyfn nhin edi nhin vit Sfl di ehuyen diem nhin nhflng tilu thuyet chet cfla Diana Turbay, tuyen phat ngdn cua chinh phfl thi cho rlt linh hogt tfl nhan vit ndy sang nhin vat khic rang la hgu qua cfla cufic chgm frin bat ngd vdi dfii die Trong Tin tdc vi mdt vu bdt coc, mfii mfit tin hi nhot nhiem truy lung Escobar, tuyen thin nhin nan nhdn ehung dflpc thd, eon tin cfin Igi eim thay vm budn lln lpn thl eho rdng Diana Id ngn nhdn cfla cufic diu tranh vu trang Id Vui vi mfit ngfldi bgn di dflpc giii thodt nhflng budn vi so eai chet dtfpc bdo trtfdc edn tuyin cfla bpn bdt cfic thi ndi rang phin cua minh, vi khdng biet nao da dflpc giii thodt Kit Diana bj einh sit gilt chit bd da thoat khoi bpn bit cfic thuc so phgn tm blng vife phdng thich hay hanh quylt cung lam cdc tin vfla Io sp, vfla mflng vui Khi bi bit mat Trong mfit sfi trtfdng hpp cy the, di ehuyen dilm nhin dem vi dfla lln nhflng chuyen xe hi mgt c6 thl hp bj diet nhtf din cdm quan da tri eho sdng tdc cua NV Theo quan dilm cfla Maria Montoya, Diana efi thl dtfpc tii tfl nhtf Beatriz, J.F.Lyotard, cim quan da frj Id chinh la sy mat niem tin vdo Azucenza Vi thl, moi nhdn dtfpc tin sdp bi dtfa di, cdc cac dgi tfl sfl Cic quan diem khic dtfpc dtfa gan vdi nhin vgt diu cdm thly tim trgng !o ling xen lan mu:ig vui nhflng dilm nhin khde nhau, NV khfing khdng dinh dflng/ Dilu dd tgo nln Iqch tinh cho tieu thuyet mang dim tinh sai, phin xet sau eflngtiiupcve ngfldi dpc Cde biln sfi (thfing phdng sfl Khi Maruja bj bit cde, dang hoang sp, bd thly tin, cim xflc, phdt ngfin, ) dflpc gfli gam vdo dilm nhin cfla Beatriz cung bj bpn bit efie dfla vdo, bi khdng bilt chuyfn ^ cdc nhan vat deu trd thinh nhflng bien so dpng Trong Trdm xdy vdi Beatriz nhflng Igi cdm thly vui vi khdng phdi d mpt ndm cd ddn, vilt vl tfin gido, tic gid dl cho cic nhin vgt phdt minh, nhtfng Iai bufin vi Beatriz cung bi bat cfic Khi bilt tin ngon tfl nhflng diem nhln khde Khkthi cic nhan vat Azuceza dtfpc td ttf do, tam trgng cda Diana rat mau thuin, bi flng hp, ton thd, thi cie nhan vgt phi b ^ g tfin giio Mgc nfii vdi Azuceza: "Tdi mflng qui" nhtfng lgi ghi nhgt ky cho cha xfl Nieano sflc giing gidng ve niemtinKito gido vdi cua minh: "Tfii cam thly nhfl bj mdt nhit dao dim vio tun, Jose Arcadio Buendia nhflng arih v ^ khfing thfla nhin, thdm nhflng tfii ndi vdi Azucenza ring tfii mflng cho chj, chj hay cfl chi cdn nghi ngd sfl ton tgi cua Thtfpng dl Cudi cflng, cha xfl yin tdm" [G-CMarquez, 2001a, tr.l55] Diana vfla mflng vi mang den eho anh mfit bflc anh cua Thflqhig dl nhtfng Azucenza dtf q*e thi, nhflng cung bufin cho s6 phan cfla mmh L aim I uan nrninR"*-"^ "' Dettfval^ S 7-2016 va cdn id khfing cd Azucenza ben cgnh phdng giam v i khdng bilt n i o b i se duac thd tfl DIEM NHIN QUA KHUTTRONG TIEU THUYDT CUA G.G.MARQUEZ Diem nhhi q u i khfl Id mpt frong nhiing kilu d i l m nhln phd biai, dflpc sfl dung nhilu frong tilu thuyet cfla n h i van Cdc ky thuit dflpc sfl dyng nhieu cho dilm nhin q u i khfl bao gdm: tdi hifn lgi cdc stf Idfn thdng qua hdiflek l theo 16i ddn trtfdc, ddn trfldc sfl Idfn xly nhflfrg l i frong qud khfl, roi lgi quay vl ke lgi stf kiln qud khfl tai thdi diem trfldc dd tiidi qua khfl h o i n thdnh d Phucatativa, d i m thfl hai, ngfii tfla fren g h i dd hdnh lang sau tfing ngdng di dgo d i m vi khfing ngfl dtfpc, Ttfdng quan lgi nhd v l d i m d Sang ta Hoan de Padara va ndi: "Thit Id bat hgnh vi khfing cd Rayna Maria Luisa" [G.G.Marquez, 1999, tr.70] Qua khfl dtfpc hdi ttfdng lgi tiieo ldi ke cfla Jose Palaxiot vi d i m thing gif ng n i m 1820 tinh hinh quan sfl xlu di, Thdi gian lgi liu tiep ve hai nam trtfdc nam 1820, ke ve that bgi cfla Ttfdng q u i n tgi rflng mil Ordndcd, ngai phii lfnh i n thjt ngtfa vi sp qudn linh se an thit lan nhau, sau dd Igi quay Igi ke v l cufic g i p gd gifla ngii vd Maria Luisa Sau trang hdi ttfdng, thdl gian lgi trd v l hifn tgi dfm thfl chuyln hdnh trinh Gilc m o cua Tfldng q u i n ve Sangtangde li eii cd d l quay ngtf pc thdi gian k l ve nhan vit n i y vy mtfu phdn djnh gilt ngii 10 frang giay Trong Tinh yeu thdi tho td sau gan 400 trang, t i c gii mdi quay lgi sfl kifn Uebuio chet (till fr.81- 429 mdi xuat hifn va k l Igi) Khi dang IK ve chuyln di Vadldupa cua Florentino Ariza, tinh thin cau phan chin vi da hen lac dtfpc vdi Fermina Daza, quay Igi nhflng n i m t h i n g cudi ddi dng khong the quen dtfpc (fr.l44) NHAP OliM NHlN LAM M^T THEO KY THUAT ,•41**, rfilini"** •TRAM SONG vi MOT BliN"' Tiong Ti^ng qudn gida me hon trgn, diem nhin cfla Tfldng quan va Manud Saenh nhilu dtfpc nhgp l i m mpt v i nhgp lim mpt vdi ngtfdi ke chuyln ngdi thfl ba Khi k l ve chuyln vilhg tham cuoi cung cfla ngdi vdi bd trfldc di, t i e gid da ndi ve tinh ylu v i niem tin gifla hai ngtfdi vdi Di chuyen diSn nhhi tfl Manud Saenh sang Tfldng q u i n "Nhtf tfl liu vin vay, b i d lgi day vdl nhifm vy thfing tin d l y dfl cho ngii xiy frong lfle ngdi ving mat \^ tfl lau ngii khfing tin bat k^ bing bi" [G.GJVlirquez, 1999,fr.9]sang ngfii tiifl ba: "Ttfdng quan di lgi cho bd gifl hfi mfit sfi ky vgt eua rilng minh" [G.G-Mdrquez, 1999, fr.9] Khi d Caracal Iln tiifl 2, h i n h fruih tha hfldng, diem nhin cua cic nhdn vat dflpc nhgp l i m mfit deu cam thay ke dfic t i i Iao hda d giai dogn cufii thu, Ttfdng quan thi cam thly: "bfing ding mhih i n h sing ciia Idng thtfdng hgi ngdi so sdnh eupe dfin rtf dc sd sai luc ngii tiln v i o thinh Caracat n i m 1813" [G.G.Mirquez, 1999, fr.249] Ngtfdi k l chuyfn eiing d d i ^ tinh: "Cupe ddn rfldc n i y v i cupe ddn rfldc trfldc l y dtfdng nhfl khdng phii Id hai k^ fle cua chlnh mpt cufic ddi" [G.G.Mirquez, 1999, tn250] Dilm nhin dtfpc n h l p Iam mfit ca dfii vdi nhiing n h i n vit trdi chiln tuyin Trpng Tin ti2c vi mgt vu bdt cdc mfii lln 67 t r i ttf d o cho tin, nhflng ten b i t efie v i nhflng ngtfdi hi bat cde d i u lo Idng Bpn b i t cdc thl lo ling vi sp bi p h i t hifn, n l n rat can frpng vd dgn dd cac tin phii "diln" thit ttf nhien neu einh sit hdl (Beatriz bj bdt phai gii lam ngfldi vp bj fim ning, Maruja ngfii y i n mpt eieh ttf nhiln,.,.) C i c tin lo ling khdng bilt minh se dflpc t h i hay dflpc bi bin, v i n l u dflpc thd thi thd d ndi nao, tfl dja dilm dd cd t h l tim dtfdc ve n h i khfing Tm Pacho dtfpc trd ttf khien bdn than fing vd ca nhflng ngtfdi giam gifl fing deu c i m thay r l t vui stfdng Dilu dd da cho thly, cie nhdn vgt du frai ehien tuyen nhtfng deu eo chung mfit t i m trgng Nhflng ngtfdi bi giam gifl, vd phdi canh gic, d i u phii sfing cdnh ehit hep, b i n thiu, hfii hdm va c i hai d i u mong thodt khdi einh n i y Dilu dd da tfi c i o tfii ac ciia Escobar v i nhflng t i n tfii phgm ma tfly da gay cho nhflng bf n Uen quan KETLUAN Vdi sfl ltfa chpn va to chfle dilm nhin linh boat phfl hpp, Mirquez da mang d i n nhflng gfic nhin mdi cho tieu thuyet eua mmh Da dilm nhin giflp ngtfdi dpc dtfpc dflng d nhieu gdc dp khde nhau, nhgp t h i n v i o cic nhdn vat trii nghifm cam xue v i ddn n h i n cic thfing difp ma tic gid gfli gam thdng qua tdc p h l m N h i p d i l m nhln giup ngtfdi doc cd gfic nlun v l eii khdi q u i t mang tinh "chung" Ludn phien dilm nhln giflp cho dpc gii efi t h l Ian ltf pt trdi nghiem cam xuc cua cic cap n h i n vgt trai tuyen hole c6 cflng mot quan diem Nhflng li^ thuit n i y dtfpc nhd vin sft dyng r l t thdnh cfing, dem d i n tieng vang cho dia hgt tilu thuylt cfla fing TAI U|U THAO KHAO Gerand Gennete (1980), Narrative Discoursem, an Essay in Method, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, The USA, translated by Jane E.Lewin L l Bd Han chfl bien (2006), TU dien thudt ngtt vdn hoc, Nid) Giao due Ha Nfii Cao Kun Lan (2015) Tdc ^'d/iflm fln tutd hgc tiiu thuyit, Nxb Hfii N h i van, H i Nfii G.G Mdrquez (2001), Ngdi dgi td chd thU, Nxb \ ^ hpc, Nguyen Trung Ddc v i Manh Tfl dieh G.G Mdrquez (1999), Ttfdng quan me hon tran, Nxb Hpi Nhd vin H i Nfii, Nguyin Trung Dfle dich G.G Mirquez (2002), Tinh yeu thdi tho td Nxb Van hpc, Nguyin Trung Dflc djeh Eric la Reinholtz (1989), How to write about Gabriel Garcia Mdrquez, Princeton Blooms's literacy criticism Gerand Gennete(I980),A'ar/-o/iveDi.jcow/-.yem, anEssay in Method^ Comell University Press, Ithaca, New York, The USA, translated by Jane E.Lewin SUMMARY This paper researches on choosing and point of view of Gabriel Garcia Mdrquez's novels with contents: multi pointofview, mix pomt of view into the one; order to order between narrators Keyword: introduction Gabriel Garcia Mdrquez, point of view, Nhgn bdi ngdy 29/6/2016 Sda chtta xong 4/7/2016 TU ddng cda Phan Tuan Anh Duyet ddng 2/7/2016 ... khoa hpc Cho din khi, dia xfl phii hi bd fr.52] Trong dogn dfic thogifrfn, chiing ta thly sfl di chuyen f djnh bien thdnh tin cfla dao Thiln chua Trong dilm nhin lien tyc tfl ngdi thfl nhlt s6... vd nhflng ngtfdi canh gifl, Ifit td suy DA DliM NHiNTRONG MOT CHO T H I TRAN nghi, eim xflc cfla moi ngfldi Tuy d nhflng vj thl khie THUAT TRONG Tliu THUY^ COA G,G.MARQUEZ nhflng tat cd ede nhan... and point of view of Gabriel Garcia Mdrquez''s novels with contents: multi pointofview, mix pomt of view into the one; order to order between narrators Keyword: introduction Gabriel Garcia Mdrquez,