NGHIEN COU THUC TIEN GIAO DUC NGHIEN COU CHIEN LlTdC HOC CUA SINH VIEN 0 MOT SO TRirofNG CAO DANG VA DAI HOC TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH DANG TH! DIEU HIEN Tmilng Bai hoc So pham Ki Diual TP Hd Chi Minh[.]
Trang 1NGHIEN COU CHIEN LlTdC HOC CUA SINH VIEN 0 MOT SO TRirofNG CAO DANG VA DAI HOC TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
DANG TH! DIEU HIEN Tmilng Bai hoc So pham Ki Diual TP Hd Chi Minh Email: hieniltd@ricmiiie.edu.vn
Tdm tdt: Chien luae hoe Id mdt trong cdc yeu td quan trong Idm ea sd dinh hudng, vaeh ra ke hoach tong qudt vd
chi tiet giup sinh viin dat muc tiiu mong muon Chien lupc hoc duae suquan tdm ciia nhieu nhd nghiin cdu tren thegidi nhdm tim ra gidi phdp ndng cao chat luang hoc cua smh viin Tuy nhien, d Viet Nam, linh vUe ndy hdu nhuchUa duac quan tdm nghien cdu Bdi viet ndy trinh bdy co sd li ludn khdi qudt ve chien luac hoc ket qud nghien cdu ve thuc trang chien luac hoc; sUkhdc biet gida hi ddo tao, gidi tinh, ndm hoc ket qud hoc tdp vdi 12 chien luae hoc cu the cua smh viin
32 trudng eao dang vd dai hoe tai TP Ho Chi Minh
Tttkhoa: Chien luac hoe; ehdt luang hpc, ket qud hoe tdp; eao ddng; dai hoe; TP Ho Chi Mmh
(Nhdn bai ngdy 12/10/2016; Nfidn ket qud phdn bien va chinh sda ngdy 29/11/2016, Duyet ddng ngdy 27/12/2016)
1 Dat van de
Chien luac hoe (CLH) la nhQng suy nghi, hanh ddng
hoc tap, chien thuat hay cac bade thuc hien eu the, cac
ke hoach, cac thdi quen ma ngUdi hoe sQ dung phu hop
vdi nhQng yeu cau hoc tap xuat hien de dat dQpc muc
dmh muc tieu, each thQc tiep can viee hoc cung nhu la
mdt each tdt nhat mue tieu de ra, CLH da dUOc nhieu nha
nghien cUu tren the gidi quan tam, Tuy nhien, tai Viet
vien quan tam nhieu Do dd, nghien cUu nham danh gia
CLH nao, d mQe dd ra sao, su khac biet ciia cac CLH vdi
nhu the ndo la rat can thiet de dat ket qua hoe tap cao
ndi rieng va muc tieu hoc tap ndi chung
2 Motsdvande liluan ve chien luoc hpc
2.1 Khdi niem
Thuat ngQ ehien luac (strategy) (CL) la ed ngudn
goc tUquan ddi de chi tien trinh thi hanh ke hoach cua
mdt chien dich quan su tren quy md Idn, Cac bUdc cu
the trong viec thUc hien ke hoach dUoc goi la chien
thuat Hieu mdt each tdng quat thuat ngQCLdecapden
viec thUe hien cac chien thuat de hoan thanh mdt cai
strategy) duoc nhieu tac gia de cap den, mdi tac gia cd
ket hop cua eac ki nang nhan thQc dien ra khi nhQng yeu
cau hoc tap duac xuat hien Trong khi dd Snowman dinh
nghla CLH la mdt chuoi cac hanh ddng de hoan thanh
viec hoc va nhQng bade cu the trong cac chuoi nay
duoc goi la chien thuat hoc tap Anderson va Weinstem
& Mayer (1985) phat bieu CLH la nhQng suy nghi va
nhung hanh vi gdp phan len ke hoaeh td chac nhQng
hanh dong hoc tap da duac thiet ke de dat muc tieu
CLH daoc Wenden and Rubin (1987) md td nhU bat kl cac hoat ddng, eac buae, cac ke hoach, hay la cac thdi duae, de luu giQ dupc, de goi nhd va de sQ dung thdng toan dien veCLH dd la sUnhan thQc, sQ suy nghi ve each thQc tiep can va tien hanh hoat ddng hoc, nhQng hanh ddng hoe tap, ehien thuat hay cac bade thUe hien cu the, cae ke hoach, eac thdi quen ma ngUdi hoc sQdung khi nhdng yeu eau hoc tap xuat hien de dat duoc mue tieu hoc tap, Nhung yeu eau hoetapcd thelayeucau lam tdt bai kiem tra, yeu cau phai cd ket qua cao hay yeu cau hoc
de hinh thanh nang luc nao dd,
2.2 Cdc biiu bien cua chien luac hpc
Dua vao cac cdng trinh nghien cQu ve CLH eua Weistein (1986, 1988, 2016), Martin Tessmer va David Jonassen (1988), Pmtrich, Paul R (1991), Gargallo,Carolyn
H, Hopper (2010), Jim Eison (2010), Ernesto Maearo (2001), Pezhman Zare (2012), Pask (1976), Anderson va Weinstem & Mayer (1985), Wenden and Rubin (1987) va mdt sd cdng trinh nghien cQu khac; ket qua cua nghien cQu tham do, su quan sat thQc te trong qua trinh day hoc cho thay cd rat nhieu CLH ma SV sQ dung trong hoc trong sd do cd 3 nhom vdi 12 CLH cu the dUOc nhieu
SV sil dung nham muc dich dat ket qua eao Cac CL do
daoc nay va ki hieu (KH) cua chung duoc md ta thong qua bieu hien sau
Nhdm 1: Cac CLH lien quan den viec sQ dung vd
phdt huy cdc yeu td noi lUc cd nhan de tao ddng lUc
chuyeusQdungvaphat huy nhQng yeu td thudc ve thdi quen, nhan thdc va ddng co ben trong cua ca nhan, de dat ket qua, daoc the hien qua 4 CLH cu the sau
-CL sddung va phdt huy ddng CO hoc tdp (KH 1 1} SV
phat huy su yeu thich, hung thu, sU ham mudn hoc tap
Trang 2hay m e m d a m m e hoc t a p cua m i n h d e d a t ket q u a ket
q u a t d t n h a t
- CL k\en tri trong hoc tdp ,KH J,2I- SV sd d u n g s u b e n
c h i d e hoan t h a n h n h i e m v u hoc t a p mac d u g a p k h d
k h a n t r d ngai, hay phai d d i m a t v d i n h d n g t h a t bai t a m
t h d i
- CL sddung sunhdn thdc ve gia In cua viec hoc (KH
1.3) SV n g h i rang n h d n g n d i d u n g hoc t a p la q u a n t r o n g
hay hQu ich, se d u o e s Q d u n g c h o n g h e n g h i e p t Q o n g lai
- CL su dung mem tin ddi voi vdi bdn thdn de dat ket
qud (KH 1 4) SV cd n i e m t i n hay sU tin t u d n g v a o kha
chac chan ban t h a n c d t h e d a t d u o c n h Q n g m u c t i e u hay
n h Q n g n h i e m v u hoc t a p y e u cau
Nhdm 2: Cac CLH lien q u a n d e n viec sir d u n g cdc
y e u t o b e n n g o a i d e d a t ket q u a (KH: N h d m 2) T r o n g
n h d m nay S V c h u yeu s d d u n g 3 CLH cu t h e sau,
- CLH kit hop vdi ban be vd sU ho trO cua gido vien
(KH: 2.1) SV t h a m gia nhQng bai g i a n g va t r a o d o i v d i
g i a n g vien neu can Ngoai ra SV cdn t r a o d d i v d i b a n b e
d e d a o sau t h e m kien t h u c , hoc c h u n g v d i ban d e giai
q u y e t nhQng van d e hoc t a p va c d n d e tao m e m v u i c h o
ban t h a n ,
- CL lUa chon hoy dieu chinh mdi trudng hoc tdp
(KH-2,2J:SVlQa c h o n m d i t r u d n g hoc t a p p h u h o p d d i vdi b a n
t h a n n h u c h o n nOi cd day d u a n h sang, it t i e n g d n , c d
m a n g i n t e r n e t hay nOi d e d a n g t i m k i e m va sQ d u n g tai
t a p
- CLH daa tren yeu cdu cua kiem tra ddnh gid (KH 2.3):
Trade va t r o n g khi hoc SV t i m hieu p h Q o n g p h a p , mQc d d
k i e m tra d a n h gia
Nhom 3: Cac CLH lien q u a n d e n t i m k i e m , c h p n
loc, xQ li va van d u n g t h o n g t i n (KH: N h d m 3 ) T r o n g
n h d m nay lua c h o n 5 CLH t i e u b i e u ma n h i e u SV s Q d u n g
Cac CLH nay duoc p h a n t h a n h 3 n h d m t h e o 3 giai d o a n
cua 11 t h u y e t t h o n g tin T h o n g t i n dau vao, x Q l i t h d n g t i n ,
t h d n g t i n dau ra D o la
• CLH lien quan den viec tim kiem vd ehon loc thdng
tin (KH 3 1) Tuy t h u d c vao ndi d u n g m d n hoc, yeu cau
cua giao vien, yeu cau cua d a n h gia va d d n g co hoc
t a p cua ca n h a n ma SV t i m k i e m va lUa c h o n n h d n g tai
n h u n g tai lieu t h u t h a p d u o c t h e o t i e u chi tai lieu c h m h
va n h d n g tai lieu m d r d n g c h o m d n hoc
- Cac CL lien quan den viec xu ll thong tin (KH- 3 2), cu
the g o m 3 CL
- CL doc thong tin iKH 32 1) The hien qua cac each
doc n h u doc lucrt d e co y t u d n g khai quat, doc lay y c h i n h
hay doc d e hieu ban chat van d e
+ CL lull giu thong tin (KH 3 2 2) SV lap lai hoac b a n g
c-.uh n e n g c u a m m h d e g h i n h o nhQng nhQng ndi d u n g
l o n g q u a t hoac v.i n h u n g noi d u n g chi tiet
I CL hen ket va cau true lai thong tm (KH 3 2 3) SV tai
l u true va hen ket cac ndi d u n g i r o n g c u n g tai heu hoac
m d i q u a n h e g i Q a e a c c h u d e Sau d o t r i n h bay theo cjarg
v a n b d n , so d d hoac b a n g b i e u p h u h o p n h d t vdi nhan
t h u c cua ea n h a n v d i m u e d i c h d e d a n g g h i n h d va trjy
x u a t t h d n g t i n ,
- CL vdn dung thong tin (KH-3 3): SV v a n d u n g nhCrng
d i e u d a h o c t r o n g t h a c t e t h d n g q u a viec giai quyet cac bai t a p , n h d n g d a a n h o e t a p , thUc h i e n cac cdng tnnli
n g h i e n cQu, n h d n g rinh h u d n g m d p h d n g t h e o thuc te hay n h Q n g bai t a p thQc te,
3 P h u o n g p h a p n g h i e n cUu
N g h i e n cQu Ii t h u y e t , d i e u tra b a n g b a n g hdi V3 xi)
Ii t h d n g ke la 3 p h a o n g p h a p n g h i e n cQu c h i n h duoc sii
d u n g d e t i m ra ket q u a
- P h a o n g p h a p n g h i e n c d u li t h u y e t sQ dung de
p h a n tieh, t o n g h o p , tai eau t r u e n h Q n g tai lieu lien quan
d e xay d u n g co s d li t h u y e t ve CLH
- P h u a n g p h a p d i e u tra b a n g b a n g h d i d u n g de thu
t h a p cae y k i e n t r d Idi cua eac SV d u o c lUa chon ngau
n h i e n tQ cdc t r u d n g eao d d n g va d a i h o e t r e n dia bar
d i e u tra d u o c t h i e t ke d u a v a o n h Q n g b i e u hien cu tiie cua cae CLH, T d n g c d n g co 70 cau h d i sQ d u n g de danh
g i d 12 CLH, t r u n g b m h (TB) m d i CLH c d t U 5 den 7 cau cau h d i cua t U n g CLH, t r o n g d o mQc 1: H o a n toan khong
D d n g y, mQc 5- H o a n t o a n d d n g y, N g o a i ra trong bang
h d i c d n c d 4 b i e n d e xac d i n h eac t h d n g t i n c h u n g cua SV Cae b i e n d d la, (1) h e d a o t a o ' Cao d d n g , dai hoc; (2) gioi
t i n h - N a m , nQ, (3) SV n a m t h d I, II, 111, IV va tU nam V tro len, (4) d i e m T B c h u n g , mQc l i d Q d i 5.0, m Q c 2 ' t Q 5 Oden
d u d i 6 0, mQc 3 tQ 6,0 d e n d u d i 7 0, m u e 4- tU 7 0 den
d u d i 8.0, m d e 5, tU 8,0 t r d l e n
- P h u a n g p h a p xQ li t h d n g ke d u o c sQ dung de
p h a n t i e h ede n d i d u n g c h i n h sau;
-I- D o t i n cay (Cronbach's A n p h a ) cua cac cau hoi
t r o n g t d n g CLH eu t h e va eac n h d m CLH Cac bien quan loai, t i e u c h u a n c h o n t h a n g d o k h i cd he sd Cronbach's dUdc g o m lai v d i n h a u
+ T h d n g ke m d ta d e d a n h gia t h u c t r a n g sQdung cac CLH cua SV
(• Phcin t i c h ANOVA dQOc sQ d u n g d e t i m sU khac
b i e t giQa t u n g b i e n ve t h d n g t i n c h u n g cua SV vdi lUng
n h d m va cac CLH c u t h e , C h o n m d e y n g h i a 10%, neu Sig
t r o n g b a n g p h a n t i c h ANOVA > 0 1 ket luan k h d n g co siJ khac b i e t giQa cae CLH v d i b i e n can p h a n tich, neu Sig
< 0 1 ket l u a n co sQ khae b i e t giQa eac CLH v d i bien can
p h a n t i c h , sau d d sd d u n g t h d n g ke m d ta d e t i m ra xu
h a d n g cua s u khac b i e t
4 , T h U c t r a n g c h i e n lUpc h p c c u a s m h v i e n d mot
s d t r u d n g cao d a n g v a d a i h o c t a i TP Hd Chi M i n h
4.1 Thong tin ve mdu khdo sdt
T h d n g t i n ve m a u k h a o sat 363 SV cua 8 trUong cao d a n g va 24 t r u a n g dai hoe tai T P H C M d u o c the hien
t r o n g Bang 1
74 • KHOflHOCGIflODUC
Trang 3Bdng V Thdng tin mau khdo sdt
Bien
He d a o t a o
GIOI t i n h
SV nam thQ
Oiem t f u n g b i n h
Total
Chi tiet cac bien
Cao d ^ n g
Dai hoc
Nam
NQ
1
11
III
IV
V t r d len
Dudi 5,0
TQ 5,0 d e n 6.0
T Q 6 O d e n 7,0
TQ 7 0 den 8 0
TQ 8 0 t r d len
N
Tan so
50
313
198
165
58
80
110
49
66
4
30
141
172
61
363
T i l e ( % )
1 3 8
87 2
54 5 45.5
15 21.1
30 3
1 3 3
1 8 2
1 1
8 3
38 8 47,4
4 4 100%
T h d n g t i n c h o t h a y cac y e u t d t r o n g m a u khao sat
m a n g t i n h dai d i e n vi m a u k h a o sat dQoe t h u e h i e n t r e n
nhieu t r u d n g cu t h e la 32 t r u d n g cao d i n g va dai hoc
gan t U o n g d u o n g n h a u , sd l u o n g SV p h a n b d t u a n g d d i
la p h i i h o p vi CLH cua SV n a m n h a t c d n bi a n h h u d n g rat
CLH cua SV; ket qua hoc t a p ciia SV c u n g p h a n b d p h u
h o p vdi ket qua d i e m t r u n g b i n h cua SV t r o n g thUC t e
4.2 Trung binh ve mde do sd dung chien lupc hpc
cua sinh vien
Bdng 2 Trung binh ve mde dd sd CLH ciia SV
' Kihieu ' N h 6 m 1 ' 1,1 ' 1.2 ! 1.3 ' 1.4 ' '
I Trung
1 Trung
binh
1 Kl hieu
1 Trung
1 bmh
3 8
N h o m 3
3 78
1 3 77
| 3 ,
| 3
4
3 2
3 74
3,64
3 ,
3 87
3 2 2 3.59
3 2 3
3 75
1
33 I
3 83 TQsd lieu Bang 2 c h o t h a y n h d m muc d i c h dat dUOC
ket qua hoe t a p t o t nhat, SV sQ d u n g n h i e u CLH khac
4 0 Vdi m i f c TB nay co t h e d a n h gia SV sQ d u n g CLH o
muc do mUc b m h t h u a n g d e n g a n tdt, chua d a t mUc t d t
va rat t d t Ngoai ra, SV chUa t h u c su q u a n t a m d e n viec
khi x e m xet a goc d d t a n g n h o m CLH, co t h e t h a y rang
d e n la n h d m 3 (TB = 3,78) va c u d i c i j n g la n h d m 1 (TB =
3 69), t u y n h i e n su khae biet giua TB cac n h d m k h d n g
g d e d d t d n g q u a t , cd t h e t h a y rang SV q u a n t a m va d a u
t a n h i e u v a o cac CL s Q d u n g cac yeu t d b e n n g o a i va cdc CLH lien q u a n d e n viee x d li t h d n g t i n de d a t ket qua d
m d e d d eao h o n la eac CLH lien q u a n d e n viec sQ d u n g
va p h a t h u y cae yeu t d ndi lUc d e t a o d d n g lUc hoc t a p
n h d m d a t ket qua Xet d gde d d chi tiet, k h d n g p h d i cac CLH cu t h e
t r o n g t d n g n h d m d u o c SV lUa c h o n d m d e d d d d n g d e u
n h a u m a c d c d sa khac b i e t C h a n g han n h a su khac b i e t cua cac CLH t r o n g n h d m 1 t h e o h u d n g CL 1.3 s Q d u n g sQ
k i e n t r i t r o n g hoc t a p ( T B - 3.82] d u a e SV s d d u n g d m d e
d o cao h o n 2 C L 1.1 s d d u n g va p h a t h u y d d n g c o h o c t d p ( T B - 3 6 ) va CL 1,4 s Q d u n g n i e m t i n ddi vdi vai b a n t h d n
de d a t ket q u a (TB - 3.45) T r o n g n h d m 2, s u khac biet
t h e o xu h u d n g SV q u a n t a m d e n CL 2,2 lua c h o n va d i e u day d u v e t a i lieu hoc t a p , p h u o n g t i e n hoc, a n h sang (TB
= 4 0 ) , h o n la q u a n t a m d e n sQ d u n g c h i e n h o c 2 2 ket
h o p VOI b a n be va s u h d t r o ciia g i a n g v i e n (TB = 3 77) va CLH 2,3 dUa t r e n yeu cau cua cac bai k i e m tra d a n h gia (TB ^ 3,64).Trong n h o m 3 SV s Q d u n g cac CLH d cac m d e
d d t Q c a o d e n t h a p lan l u o t la-CL d o c t h d n g t i n 3 2 1 (TB
= 3,87), CL van d u n g t h o n g t i n 3,3 (TB = 3 83), CL lien
q u a n d e n t i m k i e m va lUa c h o n t h o n g t i n 3 1 (TB - 3.77),
CL lien ket va cau true t h d n g t i n 3 2.3 (TB - 3,75) va t h a p
n h a t la CL l u u giQ t h d n g t i n [TB = 3 59)
T u tat ca sd lieu t r e n cho t h a y c h o t h a y vdi m o n g
m u d n d a t d u o c ket qua hoc t a p t d t S V c d p h a n eoi t r o n g viec sU d u n g cac CL; Nhan thQc ve gia t n cua viec hpc, kien tri hoc t a p , c u n g n h u sQ d u n g cac CLH lien q u a n
d e n su h d t r o cua t h a y c d va b a n be rim k i e m c h o n loc, doc, cau true, ap d u n g t h d n g t i n ket h o p vdi viec t a o ra
m d i t r u d n g hoc p h u h o p cao h o n la viee sir d u n g cac CL Phat huy d d n g cO hoc t a p , sQ d u n g m e m t i n , dQa t r e n
t h o n g t i n Ket qua n a y c h o t h a y S V da d a n h gia t a m q u a n
t r o n g ve gia t n cua viec hoc va sQ d u n g cae CL t h i e n ve luc t u cd cua b a n t h a n cao h o n la dua vao cac yeu t d tac
d d n g ben n g o a i k h a c h a y c h i g h i n h d t h d n g t i n
5 Phan tich sU khac b i e t giQa he d a o t a o , gidi
t i n h , n a m hoc va d i e m t r u n g b i n h vdi cac chien lUac hpc
5.1 Kit qud phdn tich sUkhdc biet gida cdc sinh vien dang hoc d hi ddo tao cao ddng vd dai hoc vdi cdc chien lupc hoc
VI tat ca cac Sig t r o n g cot 11) Bang 3 > 0 1, do d o co
t h e ket luan k h o n g co sQ khac biet giua cac SV d a n g hoc
o he dao tao cao d a n g va dai hoc voi tat ca cac CLH
5.2 Kit qud phdn tich sUkhdc biit gida cdc sinh vien nam vd ndvdi cdc chien luac hoc
Theo so lieu cua cot (2) Bang 3 cho t h a y chi co Sig cua CL 1 3 = 0 059 -• 0 1, d o d o c o t h e ket luar; co su khac
biet giua n h o m SV n a m va n h o m SV nil t r o n g viec su
Trang 4Sdng
3,-ddo fao
Ket qud hi sd Sig trong phdn tich ANOVA gida he
gidi tinh, ndm hpe vd mde dp diem TB vdi cdc CLH
Kihieu
N h d m 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
N h d m 2
2,1
2.2
2 3
N h d m 3
3.1
3 2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2 3
3,3
He dao tao
(1)
0.765
0,733
0,792
S Gioi linh
(2)
0.367
0.836
0.934
ig
Nam hoc
(3)
0 144
0 2 3 1 0,174
Diem TB (4)
0 975 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1
0 378
0.261
0 398
0.221
0.718
0,649
0,956
0.284
0.627
0.160
0,437
0,581
0,538
0,762
0 524
0.398
0.328
0,373
0 981
0.162
0,265
0,348
0,176
0 945
0.487 0,219
0 499 0.272
0,109
0 163 0,351 0,769 0.735
0,318 0,678 0.709 0,207
0.143
d u n g CL 1,3 nhdn thQc ve gia t n eua viee hpe, cac CLH
c d n lai ed Sig, > 0 , 1 , d o d d k h d n g c d su khac biet, SU khdc
biet t h e o xu h u d n g mQe d p TB n h a n thQc ve gid tri cua
viec hoc cua SV nil la 3.93 cao h o n mQc TB - 3 8 cua SV
n a m , Ngoai ra ket q u a p h a n tieh ANOVA giQa b i e n g i d i
sU khac biet v e m Q c T B d i e m sd giQa n h d m SV n a m v d S V
tap d mQc 3,65 t r o n g khi n h d m n a m TB d 3,22, Do d d ed
hoc d mde d d cdng cao thi ket q u a hoc tdp c d x u h u d n g
cang eao
5.3 Kit qud phdn tich sU khdc biet giita sinh vien
dang hpc cdc nam hoc khdc nhau vdi cdc chiin luac hpc
Theo sd lieu cua edt (3) Bang 3 c h o t h a y cac CL T 3 ,
2,3, 3,2.3 va 3,3 cd Sig, lan l u o t la 0,041, 0,006, 0,073,
0-049 < 0 , 1 , d o d d ed su khac biet giua SV d a n g hoe eac
nam v d i eac CLH nay Cae CLH c d n lai c d Sig > 0 1 d o d d
k h d n g eo sU khac biet, Su khac b i e t cua cac CLH v d i SV d
eac nam hoc d u o c t h e hien q u a H i n h 1,
H i n h 1 c h o thay sU khac b i e t giQa cac CL 1,3 2,3,
3 2,3 va 3 3 v d i so n a m hpc ciia SV k h d n g t h e o xu h u d n g
nhat d m h ma c d su bien d d i khac n h a u giQa cac CLH vd
giQa cae n a m hoe khae n h a u , Tuy n h i e n , t r o n g d o hau
n a m nhat t r u CLH 2 3 Cac CLH nay ed xu h u d n g t a n g tQ
n a m 2 d e n n a m 3 trQ CL 3,3 Tat ca co mUc d d g i a m v d o
7 6 - K H O A HOC GIAO OUC
4.20 4,00
3,60 3-40
Nam 1
— 1 3
Ji,A.02
' • * * * ' ^ S 7 ^ V s ,
Nam 2 Nam 3 Na
— 2 , 3 — 3 2 3
^ ^ ^ 3.91
T! 4 Nam S
— 3.3
Hinh I Bieu do sUkhdc biet gida SVdang hpc cdc ndm hoc khdc nhau vdi cdc CLH
sQ t a n g hay g i d m c u a mQc d d sQ d u n g ede CLH ndy theo
t Q n g n a m hoe n h a n g c d t h e n h d n t h a y SV nam cudi sil
d u n g cae CL 1.3 n h a n thQc ve gia t n cua viee hpe, CL 323 lien ket vd eau t r u e t h d n g t i n vd CL 3.3 v d n d u n g thong
t r o n g k h i CL 2.3 p h u h a p v d i y e u cau d d n h gid thap hon
n a m n h a t N h U vdy c d t h e c h o t h a y t r o n g q u d trinh hoc eau t r u e va t d chQc t h d n g t i n t h e o c h i e u h a d n g ndm cuoi viee d a n h gia b d n g SV n a m n h a t
5.4 Kitqudphdn tich sU khdc biet giita cdc nh6n\ sinh vien cd diem trung bmh khdc nhau vdi cac chien luachpc
T h e o sd lieu c u a e d t (4) Bang 3 c h o t h a y tat ca cac CLH d n h d m 1 vd 4 t r o n g sd 5 CLH eu t h e cua nhdm 3 la
3 , 1 , 3 , 2 1 , 3,2 3 va 3,3 c d Sig < 0 1 , e h o t h a y rdng cae CLH lien q u a n d e n viec sQ d u n g va p h d t h u y eac yeu td npi
vd eac CLH lien q u a n d e n rim k i e m , c h o n loc, xQlivavan
b i e t ve k e t q u a h o c t a p c h o SV, Tat ed cdc CLH d nhom 2
vd CL 3 2 2 cd Sig, > 0 , 1 , d o d o CLH lien q u a n den viec
sQ d u n g eac y e u t d b e n n g o a i va CLH l u u giQ thdng tin
k h d n g d e m lai s u khac b i e t ve ket q u a hoe t a p cho SV
Su khae b i e t ve ket q u d hpe t d p eua cdc CLH thuoc
n h d m 1 va n h d m 2 c h i t i e t m m h hoa t r o n g Hinh 2 va
H i n h 3 Cae b i e u d d e h o t h a y x u h u d n g kha rd rang la SV
4 i n
3 90
3 70
3 50
3 30
3 10
2 90
^ ^ ^ , » f - ^ ^^«
si"3^—t^^ *r::^
« — - ^ X " * ^ ^ , - - * ^ * * * — • 3,55
- ^ / ^ ^ ^ • " ^ ^ ^ ^
''^f
'Jm
Du'OiSO b U - 6 0 6 0 / 0 / 0 - B O yutrolen
•—Nliom 1 • 1 1 -«!!—, 1 2 13 ^ • - I ' l
Hinh 2- Bieu do sukhac biet gida trung binh ket qud hoc
tdp vd cdc CLH nhdm 1
Trang 5c6 k^t qud hpc t i p cang cao sCf dung ede CLH nhdm 1 vd
nhdm 3 d mijfc dp cang cao va ngUOc lai Ket qui nay cho
thay 8 CL SCf dung va phat huy dong cd hpc tSp; kien tri
hpc; sCif dung ni^m tin doi voi vdi bdn thdn de dat k^t
qud; lien quan d^n viec tim kiem va chpn Ipc thdng tin;
doc thdng tin; liSn k^t vd c l u trilc thdng tin; van dung
xu hudng tUdng quan thuan
DirdiS.O 5.0-60 6,O-7.0 7.0-8,0 S.Otrdien
-Hhom 3 • 3.1
-3.2.1 - ^ 3 2 3
Hinh 3: Bieu do sU khdc biit gida trung binh kit qud hpc
tap vd cdc CLH nhdm 3
Qua phan tich su khdc biet giQa cdc CLH vdi diem
TB cua SV cho thay khdng phdi dau tUvdo CLH ndo cung
sd CLH mang lai sU khde biet Cd mdt sd CLH SV nghi
thUe te khdng phdi nhu the, chSng han nhdm CLH thQ 2
li&n quan den viec sQ dung ede yeu td ben ngodi Trong
khi dd nhi3ng CLH SV cho rdng khdng quan trpng va sii
dung d mQc dp thap nhat nhQng ed the giup SV dat k^t
qud tdt hdn dien hinh Id CL 1.4 sQdung niem tin ddi vdi
vdi bdn than d^ dat ket qud cdTB thap nhat - 3.45
6 Ket luan
Thdng qua viec lay y kien va xQ li thdng ke 363
phieu trd Idi ciia SV den tQ 32 trUdng cao ddng vd dai
cd ket qud cao dupe SV thUe hien d mQe dd chua tot Bin
nhiJng CLH nao cd t h i dat ket qud cao, nhOng CLH nao
se khdng dem lai sU khdc biet ve ket qud Ngoai ra ket nhdm SV dang theo hpc he cao dSng hay dai hpc Cd sU khdc biet: GiQa SV nam va SV nQ ve CL nhan thQc ve gid tri cCia viec hpc; giOfa SV hpc cdc ndm hpc khdc nhau ve CLH nhdn thQc gid trj cCia viec hpe, phu hdp vdi y&u cau ddnh gid, lien ket vd cau true thdng tin, van dung thdng vdi cdc CLH sLf dung va phdt huy dpng cd hpc tdp, kien tri trong hpc tdp, sCf dung sU nhdn thQc ve gid tn cCia viec hpc, sQ dyng nilm tin ddi vdi vdi bdn thdn de dat ket qud, lien quan den viec tim kiem vd chpn Ipc thdng tin, thdng tin
Ket qud nghien cQu ndy cd the khdng djnh viec nghien cQu CLH de xdc djnh nhGrng chiln luae hpe ndo ndo cd dnh hudng den cdc mue dich hpc tap khde hpc tinh vUe ndy giup SV va nhCmg ngudi Idm cdng tdc giao due ed cO sd tua chpn nhQng CLH cOng nhU Id phUOng phdp hpc tap phu hpp vdi tQng muc tieu khde nhau
TAIUIUTHAMKHAO
II] Carolyn H Hopper, (2010), Practicing College Learning Strategies (Fifth Edition), Wadsworth, Cengage
Learning, USA, [2] Claire Ellen Weinstein - Ph.D - David R
Palmer-Ph,D and Taylor W Acee, (2016), The Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) (third edition), H&H
Publishing Company, Inc (third edition)
[3] Ernesto Maearo, (2001), Learning strategies In foreign language classrooms, Continuum, London and
New/ York
[4] Jim Eison, Ph.D., (2010), Using Active Learning Instructional Strategies to Create Excitement and Enhance Learning, Department of Adult, Career & Higher
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Learning Strategies oven/iew The University of Kansas,
Joseph R Pearson Hall
RESEARCH ON STUDENTS' LEARNING STRATEGY AT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN HO CHI MINH CITY
Dang Thi Dieu Hien
HCMC University of Technology and Education Emaih hiendtd@hcmute.edu.vn Abstract: Learning strategy is one of the key factors creating the basis for direction, outlined and detailed plans to
help students achieve the desired objectives It was of great concern of researchers around the world to find out solutions
to improve students' learning quality However, this issue was without any attention in Vietnam This article presents a theoretical overview of learning strategy; Research results on its real status; the difference among training system, gender, school year and learning outcomes with 12 specific learning strategies of 32 students at colleges and universities in Ho Chi Minh city
Keywords: Learning strategy; learning quality; learning outcomes; colleges; universities; Ho Chi Minh city