TAP CHI KHDA HDC SD 5/2D1B ±161 AP DUNG VTOS VAO GIANG DAY TOONG CAC CO sd DAO TAO DU UCH Nguyen Thi Yen Trudng Dgi hge Thii do Hd Ndi Tdm tdt VTOS la bd Tieu chudn Ky ndng nghi Du lich Vie! Nam do Du[.]
TAP CHI KHDA HDC - SD 5/2D1B ±161 AP DUNG VTOS VAO GIANG DAY TOONG CAC CO sd DAO TAO DU UCH Nguyen Thi Yen Trudng Dgi hge Thii Hd Ndi Tdm tdt: VTOS la bd Tieu chudn Ky ndng nghi Du lich Vie! Nam Du dn "Phdt trien Nguon nhdn lire du lich Viet Nam" xdy dimg Chuang trinh Phdt trien ndng lire du lich cd trdch nhiem vdi mdi tnrdng vd xd hdi, Lien minh Chdu Au tdi tra Bd tieu chudn ndy de cap nhimg chudn muc thirc tiin tdt nhdl, Idi thieu, cdn thiet de thuc hien edng viec linh vuc du lich khdch sgn, vd bao gdm cd cdc y eu cdu dieu li (phdp ludt sue khoe an todn, an mnh) Cdc tieu chudn ndy cung xdc dmh cu the nhirng gi ngudi lao ddng cdn biet vd ldm dirge ciing nhu cdch thirc hiin de cd the hodn thdnh chuc ndng cdng viec cu the mdi ti-udng ldm viee Trong dd, VTOS xdc dinh ro cdc dan vi nang lire md ngirdi lao ddng ti-ong ngdnh du lich cdn phdi cd llnrc hien hoai ddng du lich Tirkhod: VTOS ky ndng du lich tieu ehudn nghe du lich dan vi ndng lire nghe du lich I M O DAU Theo Tong eye Du lich (Bp Van hoa The thao va Du lich Viet Nam), mdi nam todn nganh can them gdn 40.000 lao dpng, nhtmg Iugng sinh v ien chuv en nganh trutmg chi khoang 15.000 ngudi/nam dd chi bon 12% ed trinh dp cao dang, dai hpc tro len Nhieu sinh vien du lich dii duoc dao lao dai han d cdc irudng dai hpc cao dang nhtmg dupe myen dung lam viec hau het doanh nghiep deu phai dao lao lai hoac dao tao bd stmg kv nang ngoai ngu Mdt nhiing nguven nhan cua thyc trang la chuong trinh dao tao lai nhieu irudng cdn chu trpng den lv ihuvei ma chua danh nhieu ibdi gian cho ibuc hanh Dac biet bau hel cac ca so dao tao deu chua ap dung cimg mot quv' chuan nghe du lich giang dav Theo thdng ke cua Trung lam Dy bao nhu cau nhan lyc va Tlii trudng lao dting Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh v e nhu cau nhan lyc nhdm nganh kinh le dich v u trpng diem giai doan Nhan ngav 15 05.2016 uiri phan bien -.a duyel dang nga> 24.05.2016 Lien he tac gia Nginen Ttii Yen Email nneiTSdaOiocthudo.edu TRUCiNG OAI HDC THL] BO HA NOI 162 2013 - 2015 - 2020 thi nhu ciu nhan luc kh5i nganh du lich chi^m ty 8% tong so nhu cau nhan lire {khoang 21.600/nam) va co ca c^u vk trinh dao tao nliu sau: Bdng / Du- bao co- cau trinh lao dong du Iich (2013 - 2020) Ty le (%) Tr'rn/, i}d So i^gird: Dai hgc - Tren f)H 10 100 Cao dang - Trting cap 50 25 500 So cap nglie 30 15.300 CliLTa qua dao tao Tong cong 10 100 100 51.000 Nguon: Vien Kinh te Thanh Ho Chi Minh Trong bdi canh dd, Tdng cue Du hch Viet Nam da dua bp 'Tieu chudn ky nang nghe du lich Viet Nam - VTOS" cd ibe ldm tai lieu chudn phuc vu viec giang day tai cac co sd ddo tao du Iich, phdn nao dap img duge nhieu yeu cdu cua nha tuyen dung Tuy nhien, bp tai lieu chuan chua dugc dp dung rpng rai cac loai binh ca sd dao tao du lich NOI DUNG 2.1 Khai quat v l V T O S • Qud trinh hinh thdnh cdc hgpphiin cua VTOS Nham dap irng nhu cdu ngudn nhdn Iyc cd chdt Iugng cho ngdnli du Iich tai Viet Nam Chuang trinli Phat trien nang lye du lich cd trdch nhiem vdi mdi trutmg va xa hdi Lien minh Chau Au tai trg, dutrc giao nhieni vii sira ddi bd Tieu chudn Ky nang nghd Du Iich Viet Nam (VTOS) Du an T h a i tridn Ngudn nhdn lyc du lich Viet Nam" \ a \ dung Ticu chuan nghe VTOS dk cap nhirng chudn myc thyc tiln tdt nhdl tdi thi^u, can thill de thyc hien cdng viec linh vyc du lich khach san va bao gom ca cac yeu cdu didu le (phap ludt, sue khde an loan, an ninh) Nhiing lieu chudn na>- cung xac djnh cu thd nliung gi ngudi lao dpng can biet va lam duac cung nhu each thyc hicn dk cd thd hoan chirc nang cting viec cu the boi canh mdi trudng lam v iec Cac dan vi nang lyc VTOS nhdm cac chuyen gia quoc \k va Viet Nam nganh xay dyng Cac dem vi nang lue ban du thao da dugc Td cdng tac ky thudl xem xel, bao gdm cac chuven gia tir cac doanh nghiep va cac dao lao vien nghe eac ctT sa dao tao Irong nude Thdng lin phan hdi lir cac chuven gia lu van dupe long hap lai thanb cac 163 TAP DHI KHDA HDC - SD 5/ZD1B tieu chuin siia d6i va tap hpp cac don \i nang lire da dugc triSn khai thi diem vm hpc vien dS dam bao va trinh dp va npi dung phu hop vcri linh vuc cong viec da xac dinh Trong giai doan 2005 - 2010, VTOS (phien ban cu) dupe xay dung cho 13 nghe a trinh dp CO ban bao g6m: Nghiep vu Bu6ng, Nghiep vu Le tan, Nghiep vu Nha hang, Nghiep vu An ninh Khach san, Nghiep vu Ky thuat Chi biin mon an Au Nghiep vu Ky thuat lam banh Nghiep vu Ky thuat Chi biin mon an Viet Nam, Nghiep vu Dat giir Buong khach san, Nghiep vu Quan ly khach san nho Nghiep vu Dai ly LO hanh, Nghiep vu Dieu hanh Du lich Nghiep vu Hucmg din Du lich, Nghiep \ii Dat giir cho Lii hanh Hien nay, cac tieu chu&i VTOS da dupe siia doi cap nhat phti hpp vdi quy dinh cua Bp Lao dpng Thuong binh va Xa hpi vi Tieu chuan ASEAN nham dap img toim bo cac tieu chi can thiet cho viec cong nhan va cap chimg chi nghe du lich sau na; bao gom sau ITnh vuc nghe chinh va bon linh MXC nghe chuyen biet: Bang 2.1 He thong cac tieu chuan VTOS ta hanh Lini irii Du lich Lltan Dieu hanh du lich & Dai 1\ liJ hanh Phuc vu buong Tour Guiding Phuc vTj nha hang Linh vyc chuyen biet Che bien mon an Thu>et minh Du lich Linh virc chuyen biet Phuc \ u tren tau thu\ du lich Quan \\ khach san Van hanh co sa luu trii nho Nguon Dir dn EL' • Vai tro cua VTOS Tieu chudn VTOS la thudc de danh gia ky nang nghe cua nhan vien ngudi lao ddng thdng qua cac ky tham dinh \ T O S dupe lldi ddng \ ' l CB tien hanh tren toan qudc Tieu chuan VTOS gdp phdn ihiic day nang cao cbdl lutmg ngudn nhdn iuc du lich nganh Du lich \'iet Nam Hien lieu chudn \'TOS da duac ap dung rdng rai viec trien khai dao tao nhan v ien lai doanh nghiep ciing nhu lap huan phd bien dao tao cac dao tao vien la cac giang v ien giao vien cac ca so dao tao da\ nghe tren toan qudc Hien Hdi ddng \ T C B vdi gan 3000 Dao tao vien 160 Tham dinh vien, 16 Trung lain ihani dinh V a 57 Trung lam danh gia nghe du hch bd icu chuan 10 nghe du hch ( \ T O S ) da dttpc dieu climb, bai hoa vcVi Tieu chuan VSE.AN \ c du lich 16ft II TRUEfNG BAI HQC THLI B HA NOI Tieu chuan VTOS (phien ban mdi) dugc sir dung cho cong tac ddo tao cua cac doanh nghiep tix quy md vija va nhd, cac khdch san lorn, cac cong ty du lich va IO hdnh, ciing nhu de xay dung giao trinh ddo tao tai cdc tniong cao dang, dai hpc va cdc co sof gido due dao t^o Cac dan vi nang luc cd the dtrgc nhdm lai cdc tap hprp rieng bi?t de ddo tao hodc dua cac chiing chi cho cdc cdng viec khdc (vi du; Chiing chi phuc vu qudy bar) hoac dua cac van bang a bdc cao dang, dai hpc (vi du: Van bdng ve Khach san) Tieu chu&i VTOS cd the duoc sir dung bdi: - Cac doanh nghiep luu tni du Iich, du Hch va lu hanh dS dua tieu chudn quy dinh cdch thuc hien cdng vi$c ciia nhan vien Cdc don vi ndng luc VTOS cd thS dugc su dung dl dao tao cho nhdn vien nhihig ky ndng then chdt va cac chiic nang cdng viec cho nhieu ky ndng Ngoai ra, tieu chuan VTOS cd the dugc sii dung de danh gid cong viSc cua nhdn vien dua theo tieu chudn - Cdc ca so dao tao vd day nghe cd the sir dung VTOS de thiet ke chuong trinh dao tao ve khdch sgn va du lich Ti€u chudn VTOS phiSn bdn mdi xdc dinh ro rang cdc ky nang, kien thirc va hanh vi cdn thiet cho cdc cong viec cu th6 doanh nghidp Cdc don vi nang luc VTOS cd the ket hgp de xdy dung chuong trinh dao tao cho cac khoa hpc hay chuong trinh hpc mpt ky, mdt ndm hay hai ndm Hoat dpng dao tao dpi ngu Dao tgo viSn cho tieu chudn VTOS phiSn ban mdi vd dao tgo tai dia phuang da dugc khdi dpng vdi cdc nghi Ph\ic vu trSn tdu thuy du Hch, Thuyit minh du lich va Qudn ly khdch san Ben canh do, mdt loat cac chuang trinh tap budn cap nhat tieu chudn se dugc tiln hdnh ddnh cho cac Ddo tgo vien VTOS da dugc cdng nhdn, cung nhu cac chuang trinh gidi thieu VTOS tdi cdc ca sa gido diic va dao tao nghi dl gidi thieu cdc tieu chudn va cdc chiing chi dl xudt nhdm muc dich bd sung va nang cao gido trinh gidng day Ngoai ra, cdc ti6u chudn VTOS phien ban mdri se dugc phd biln rpng rai tren todn quoc tdi tdt cd cac cd nhan vd dan vi quan tdm nhdm ndng cao tieu chudn dich vu du lich tai Viet Nam 2.2 Thirc trang giang d^y cac cff sdr dao t^o du lich • vi chtrang trinh, gido trinh dao tgo Qua khao sdt cho thdy, cac co sd dao tgo da xay dung dugc chutmg trinh dao tao vd timg buac dugc soat, dieu chinh Tuy nhien, chuong trinh ddo tao nganh du lich cdn bdc Id mpt sd diem y6u kem nhu sau: - Ddi vdi chuong trinh dao tao dai hpc: Chuang trinh dao tgo du lich tai cac truane vdn ehua thdng nhdt; chua chu trpng phdn thuc hanh (thuc hanh ddy dugc hilu Id cd ca TAP CHI KHCA HOC - SC 5/201B 165 SO thuc hanh nghi nghiep hdn hoi) - tire la ngudi hpc chi dupe hpc ly thuyet thudn nirdc di thyc tap tdt nghiep Theo chuang trinh nay, sinh vien chi dugc trang bi kien thiic, it dugc ren luyen vl ky nang qudn ly vd cdc ky ndng chuyen mdn khac Ddc biel, ty le sd hpc phan vl chuyen ngdnh du lich loan bd chuang trinh dao lao cdn thdp va it cd chuang trinh dao tao chuyen sdu ve khach san, du lich - Ddi voi chuong trinh dao tao cao ddng trung hpc va nghe: Chua cd sir thdng nhal ve chuong trinh ddo tao d cdc bdc nd\- Ben canh dd ehua xa; dtmg dupe nhieu loai chuang trinh phu hop vdi nhu cdu dao lao ciia cac ddi tugng va bd cue chuang trinh chua cd su gan ket giUa cdc nghiep vu phdn thuc hdnh - Ddi vdi cdng tac bien soan gido lrinh phuc vu gidng day nhin chung da cd su phat trien dang ke sd lugng sach chuyen mdn ve du Iich ngdy cdng ldng my nhien, van chua dap ling nhu cdu ve sd luong vd chdt lugng nhdn lyc du lich cua xa hdi • Ve hinh thirc dao tgo Hinh thtic dao lao chu yeu hien dang dupe dp dung tai cdc trudng dai hpc la dao tao chinh quy dai han Ngoai cdn cd cdc hinh thirc ddo tao tai chiic, dao tao ui xa dao lao lien thdng dao tao theo dia chi Hinh thiic dao lao cua cdc trudng dai hpc cao dang, trung hpc du lich chu yeu la chinh quv- dai ban bdi dudng ngan ban va bdi duang ngan ban tai dia phucmg (dudi thang) • Ve casd vgt chat ky thuat phuc vu ddo tgo Nhin chtmg co so vat chat kv thuat phuc vu dao tao a cac trudng dai hpc chua dap ting kip thdi nhu cdu mo rdng quv md va ndng cao chdl lugng dao lao Nhieu trucmg dai hpc thieu cac co sd thuc hanh ve kv nang quan lv va nghiep vu ky ibual Cac trudng cao dang, trung hpc dao tao nghiep vu dao lao nghe da cd su dau tu phat trien ca sa vdt chdt phii hop Tuy nhien mdi sd truong a cdc dia phucmg kliac van chua dupe dau tu phat trien du CO so vdt chat phu hop vdi qui md dao lao thicu ca sd thuc hanh Ngoai cac irudng dang thieu cac trang thiel bi hd trp giang dav" theo phuong phap mtVi • ) e dpi ngu gido vien Cd the thav viec lya chpn va bdi dudng giao v ien duoc cac trudng rat quan tdm nham cd dupe dpi ngii giao vien dat lieu chuan theo lung cap dao tao Song cac nganh dao lao du lich a nude la cdn mtii nie nen viec phat tnen dpi ngu giao \ien nghiep vu chuven nganh rat khd dat chudn khu vuc va qudc le Dpi ngu giang vien du hch cua cac irudng dai hpc da cd thdi gian dai dao lao du lieh nen dugc dao tao kha tdt ve mat h' thuyet Nhung chutmg lrinh giang day lv- Ie phdn 166 II T R a d N S BAI H D C T H U BO HA NOI thuc hdnh cdn kha khiem tdn, ehua thu hiit dugc can bd qudn ly gidi tham gia gidng day tai cac trudng Ddi vdi cac trudng dai hpc dia phuang mdi thdnh lap thi dpi ngu gidng vien du Uch dang cdn nhieu bdt cap Nhin chung dpi ngu gidng vien day chuyen nganh d cac trudng dai hpc cao ddng, trung bpc tdng kha nbanb may nam gdn ddy quy md dao tao md rdng Tuy nhien, viec tuyen chpn giao vien giang vien dat tieu chudn khd klid khan Theo quy djnh ciia Bp Giao due vd Ddo tao giang vien dai hpc phai tdi thieu tdt nghiep cao hpc, la Thac sT Tuy nhien, mdt ngudi tdi nghiep dai hpc ngdnh Qudn tn du lich loai khd thdm ehi loai gidi cung khdng dii nang lyc gidng day vi thieu kien thuc ve ky thudt nghiep vu vd ky nang thyc hanh cdc nghiep vu le tan, ban - bar bep va budng Tir thyc le dd, cdc trudng dai hpc, cao dang, trung hpc, trudng nghe phai mat mdt khoang thdi gian dao lao, bdi dudng them tir mpt den vai nam de cd dupe dpi ngii giao vien dat yeu cau • Ddnh gid nhanh Mac du cac ca sd dao lao da tich cue eai thien quy trinh, ndi dung giang day , nhung trudc yeu cdu hdi nliap khu vyc va qudc te, chdt lugng dao tao cdn nhieu bat cap cu the la: Thir nhdt, vi cac co sd ddo tao ve du lieh chua thdng nhdt duac giang day theo he thdng tieu chuan ndo nen viec ddu tu, quy hoach cua cac ca sd dao tao nghi du lich cdn luy lien khdng dua tren cdc tieu chuan thdng le qudc te Khdng it co sd dao tao cd qua nhilu can bd kinh te va can bd trai nganh khac nghe nhtmg lai thiiu can bd cd kinh nghiem dao tao nghe du Iich, cd kien thiic ky thuat Ben canh do, rat nhilu gidng vien cdn cung nhdc va thiiu linh ddng phuang phap gidng day, cu thi Id chi dtmg lai a viec "hucmg ddn sinh vien thyc hanli nghiep vu mdi each may mdc", chua quan tdm din viee "djnh hutVng cho hp phutmg phap hpc thyc hanh cd hieu qua", ttr dd khdng kieh thich linh sang tao cho ngudi hpc hay ndi each khac ngudi hpc ludn d trang thai "thdy dat dau trd ngdi ddv" Chinh phtrang phap dao lao nhu the nen ddn din he qua la nhilu sinh vien thdy nliani chan hpc lap, tilp xuc vdi cdng viec thyc tl Iai lung tung, bl tdc xtr iy tinh hudng Thir hai theo quy dinh, sinh vien cd 70% thai gian Ihyc hanh nghi nghiep, nhtmg hien cac van ban hudng ddn hode lien quan din thuc hanh ngbi nghiep bao gdm: chuang iriiili giao lrinh hutVng dan ihyc hdnh cac tieu chudn thilt bi lieu chudn tieu chi nang cao k> nang nghe lieu ehudn v e ca sd vat chat, lieu chuan ve k> nang nghi cdn kha han chl Thir viec dao tao nghe du Hch chua dinh hudng theo nhu cau cua thi trudng nen miic dp van dung kien thtic va ky nang nghe nghiep ma sinh vien dugc hpc a nha trudnu vao cdng viec thuc te cdn it, nhung kien thiic va ky nang "sa dang" nia thi trudng cdn vtra thieu lai vua veu TAP CHI KHDA HOC - D S/ZDIB 167 Thir tu, ban chl vl nang lyc ddu tu thiiu bien phdp va thiiu hieu biet ve ky thudt nen cdc thilt bi dugc ddu tu cho gidng day vd thyc hdnh chii yeu la mua sam theo y dd timg don vi nen chdt lugng kem, thiiu sy ddng bp v l sd lugng vd ehimg loai ttr dd ddn den thieu linh thyc le Yeu id dnh hudng rdt Idn den chdt lugng ddo tao 2.3 Mot so giai phap ap dung V T O S giang day du Iich De dp dung ed hieu qua VTOS vdo gidng day cho sinh vien nganh du lich, dich vy, khach san theo chiing tdi, cac trudng cdn thyc hien ddng thdi cdc gidi phap nhu sau: - Thiet ke chuang trinh dao tao/day nghe tiep can theo chudn dau - nang lyc cdt Idi (gan lien vdi don vi nang Iyc VTOS) cua mdi vi iri viec lam gan vdi thyc le thi tmdng Iao ddng Bdi vi thdng qua chuan dau ra, sinh vien lupng hod duge muc dich hpc lap cua minh, xae dinh cu the cac yeu cdu ddi vdi ban thdn ttr dd khdng ngirng nd Iyc hpc lap va ren luyen theo eac lieu ehi eua chudn ddu ddp iing yeu cau cua nha irudng va xa hdi Chutmg trinh dao tao nhu the se tao ddng Iyc hpc tap md rpng ca hdi tim kiem viec lam cho sinh vien sau Ddng thdi chucmg lrinh dao tao du lich cung phai hudng den linh "md", "linh boat", phii hop cho viec dp dung vao ttmg ddi tugng, dia chi cu the - Bien soan chuong trinh mdn hpc bdi gidng giao trinh cac hpc phdn/ mdn hpc/ modul chuyen mdn theo budng licb hop lv thuyet v^d thyc hanh the hien duoc cac don vi nang lyc ma VTOS da xdy dyng cho ttmg vj tri nghe cu the Trong dd thdi lucmg danh cho phan thyc hanh chiem ty- le tu 70-75% tdng thdi gian bpc tap Du ljch la nganli kinh te mang linh djch vu, ddo lao nhan lyc du lich la dao tao nhthig ngudi phuc vu cbo du khach, nen viec lang cudng ty le thyc banh tdng thdi gian hoc tap se giup ngudi hpc trau ddi ky nang/ nghiep vu thudn Igi ban - Thay ddi phuang phap giang day cua giang vien/giao vien hpc tap cua hpc sinh/ sinh vien iheo hutVng lich cue chu ddng Npi dtmg bai giang cua giang vien/ giao ^-ien phai dupe thiel ke mang tinh true quan sinh ddng va cu the vdi cac mau phieu, bieu, hinh anh, phim gan vdi thtrc te nghe nghiep Ddng thai, nha irudng vd gidng \ien can lich eye lien kel/ ket ndi vdi vtri doanh nghiep de xav dyng mdi quan be ldu dai giira ddi lac cung va cau nhdn Iuc du lich Viec gan ket cung nham thu hep khoang each giiia dao lao va su dung lao ddng sau tdt nghiep - Thay ddi phuang phap kiem tra, danh gia tren ca sd danh gia nang lyc bao gdm ca veu edu: kv nang kien thirc thai dp Cudi ky thay vi thi vilt hpc sinh/ smh vien dupe ihi thyc hanh va van dap de kiem tra cdc dan v i "nang lyc" da dugc bpc Can lap trung chu >eu vao viec danh gia "nang Iuc" chuyen mdn nghiep vu va ngoai ngir giao liep Dav chinh la each danh gia phii hgp sal thuc vdi Iyc hpc cua hpc sinh'sinh vien Nen td chiic cac gid thtrc banh va danh gia kiln Ihuc/ky nang/nghiep vu cua sinh vien chinh tai khdng gian cua doanh nghiep du hch 168 II T R U d N G BAI HDC T H U B D HA NDI KET LUAN Trong bdi cdnh hdi nhdp kinh te khu vyc vd the gidi hien de ddp ting nhu cau nhdn Iuc chat lugng cao eiia thi trudng lao ddng, cac co sd dao tao ve du Uch cdn nhanh chdng ddi mdi chuong lrinh, phucmg phdp gidng day; cdn cd dpi ngu giang vien gidu kinh nghiem dat chudn Dieu dd khdng chi nit ngan khodng cdch giira ly thuyet vd thyc tien ma cdn gdp phan quan trpng giiip cho sinh vien dugc trai nghiem, thue hdnh nhirng ky ndng nghiep vu can thiet Viec dp dung VTOS - Bd lieu chuan ky ndng nghe du Iich Viet Nam vdo giang day d cdc bae hpc ve du Iich, dd Id dieu cdp thiet cd tinh thyc lien cao Tuv nhien, luy tinh hinh thyc te, mdi co sd ddo tao du lich cdn cd nlitnig cdch tiep can vd dp dung khac cho phii hgp TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Hiep hpi cac quoc gia Dong Nam A, Thoa thudn thira nhdn Idn Asean ve nghe du lich, nam 2013 Tong cue Du lich Bg lieu chudn ky ndng nghe du lich Viet Nam (phien hdn 2013) Tdng cue Du lich Dua VTOS vdo ngdnh du lich vd cdc n-irdng ddo tgo nghe Ban tin sd S TJ 0/2014 Trung lam Dir bao nhu cau nhan lire va thj trirdng lao dpng Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh Dir bdo nhu edu nhdn lire giai doan 2010 - 2020 APPLYING VTOS JNTO TEACHING AT TOURISM TRAINING SCHOOLS Abstract VTOS IA the set of Viet Nam Tourism Occupational Standards developed by Project on "Viel Nam's Tourism Human Resource Development" under the Environmenlally and Socially Responsible Tourism Capacity Development Pi-ogramiue which wasjiinded by the European Union The Standards refer to the agi-eed miumium best practices for jobs in Ihe loiirism/ho.spitality industry, and cover Ihe statutory (legal, health, safely, seciirily) recjuircinenls They specify' what a person should know and do, as well as the way ihey ihcir work In order to carry out the functions of a parlicular job in the conlexl of ihcir working environment VTOS consists of units of competence that tourism staffs need to fulfill the Job reqiiu-emenl.s Keywords VTOS loiinsm skills, tourism occupational \landards unus of competence THE LE Gin BAI Tap chi Khoa hgc la dn phdm cua Trudng DH Thu dd Ha Ndi, cdng bd cac cdng trinh nghien ciiu va bdi vilt tdng quan nhilu ITnb virc khoa hpc Tap chi dugc xual ban djnh ki, mdi sd vl mdt ITnh \iic cu tbe: Khoa bpc Xa bdi va Giao due; Khoa bpc Ty nhien v a Cdng nghe Tac gia cd thi giii toan van ban thao bai bao cho Tdng bien tap, Phd Tdng bien tap hodc bien tap vien theo dja chi email gbi d dudi Tat cd ban tbao bai bao giri cdng bd deu dupe thdm dinb vl ndi dung khoa hpc bdi cdc nha khoa hpc chuyen nganh cd uy tin Tap chi khdng nhdn dang cac bai da cdng bd tren eac an phdm khac va khdng tra Iai bai neu khdng dupe duyet dang Bd cue bai bao cdn dupe vilt theo lrinh ty sau: idm tdi (neu y ludng va npi dung tdm tat cua bai bao); md ddu (tdng quan linh hinh nghien cim, tinh thdi sy cua van de, dat van dl); ngi dung (phuang phap phuang lien, ndi dung nghien ctru da thyc hien); ket ludn (kel qud nghien cim, hudng nghien ciiu tiep theo) va tdi lieu tham khao Bai bao loan van khdng dai qud 10 trang danh may tren khd giay A4, phdng chii Times New Roman (Unicode), cd cbii (Size) 12 thdng nhat eho loan bai, le trai cm le phdi cm, each tren, each dudi 2.5 cm, gian ddng (Multiple) 1.25 Cac thual ngtr khoa hpc va dan VI ludng v iet iheo quy dinh hien hanh cua Nha nude; cac cdng thirc, binh v e cdn dupe viet theo cac ky hieu thdng dung: ten hinh ve dat dudi hinh, ten bang, bieu dd dat tren bdng Khuyen khich cac bai sir dung chuong trinh LaTex vdi khoa hpc ly nhien, cdng thtrc hda hpc cd the dimg ACD/Chem Sketch hodc Science Helper tor W ord Bai bao phai cd torn tat bang tieng Viel va lieng Anh Tdm idt viel khdng qua 10 ddng Tdm tdi tieng Viet dat sau lieu de bai bao va ten lac gia, tdm tdt lieng Anh gdm ca lieu de bai bao dat sau tdi lieu tham khao Cdc ten nude ngoai duac ghi bang ki ly Lalmh Cudi bai CO ghi rd ca quan cdng tac, sd dien Ihoai dia chi email cua tac gia Phan Tdi lieu tham khdo xep theo thir ly xudt hien bai bao va sap xep iheo mau dudi day: .lohn Steinbeck (1994) Cliiim nho phdn no (Pham Thuy Ba dich tap 2) Nxb Hdi nha van, H., ir.181 Bloom, Harold (2005) Bloom's guides: John Steinbeck's New York: Chelsea House, pp.80-81 The Grapes of Wrath W.A Farag, V.H Quintana G Lambert-Torres (199S) "".A Genetic-Based Neuro-Fuzzv' Approach lo odelling and Conlrol of Dvnamical Svstcms" IEEE Transacltons on neural \enu)rks Volume: Issue: pp.756-767 Trung tdm Khoa hpc Cdng nghe - Tru'dng Dai hpc Thii dd Ha Ndi So 98, Duang Quang Ham, Cdu Giay, Ha Ndi Tel- 04.3 767 1409: Fax: 04 833 5426 Email tapchikhoahoc@daihocthudo-edu ... tao du Iich, phdn nao dap img duge nhieu yeu cdu cua nha tuyen dung Tuy nhien, bp tai lieu chuan chua dugc dp dung rpng rai cac loai binh ca sd dao tao du lich NOI DUNG 2.1 Khai quat v l V T O... 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