^ T,? PCHI KHOA HQC, TRUONG D»I HQC HONG DUC SO DAC itIET (5 2017) THIET KE HOAT DONG NHAM TAP LUYEN KI NANG HOAT DONG NHOM CHO TRE 5 6 TUOl Cf TRUONG MAM NON Cao Thi die'''' TOM TAT Thiet ke hogl Song n[.]
_ ^ T,?.PCHI KHOA HQC, TRUONG D»I HQC HONG DUC - SO DAC itIET (5 2017) THIET KE HOAT DONG NHAM TAP LUYEN KI NANG HOAT DONG NHOM CHO TRE - TUOl Cf TRUONG MAM NON Cao Thi die' TOM TAT Thiet ke hogl Song nhom phii hc/p Id dieu kien cpiaii trgng, giiip gido vien chu dong to chirc cac hoal dong gido due nhdm tdp luyen ki ndng hoat dong nhom cho tre - tuoi a tni'&ng mdm non Thiel ke hogt dong nhom bao gom: I Xdc dmh muc tieu hoat dgng nhom, Xay dung ndi dung hoat dgng nhom, Lua chgn phuang phap vd hinh thirc tap luyen ki nang hoal dpng nhom, Lira chon phumig Uen, ddm bdo cdc dieu kien Idp luyen kf ndng hoal dpng nhdm Tir khoa: Hoat dpng nhdm kT ndng hoat ddng nhdm Ire 5-6 ludi l.DAT VANDE Trong giai do^n hien nay, vdn dd tap luyen ki nang (KN) hoal dong nhom (HDN) cho tre - tu6i dang duoc thuc hien a truoTig mSm non (MN) nham giiip tre ttr tin hoat dong va giao tidp, tich cue, chii dong sang lao ttong cac hoat dong ciing ban be, khang dinh dugc vj tri, vai tro ciia minh ttong nhom/lcrp, chuin bi cho tre de dang thich img vai cac hoat ddng da dang d tnrdng tidu hgc va cupc sdng xa hoi sau Phat triln va hoan thien 6tire5 - ttidi nhiing KN HDN la mot qua ttinh lau dii, ddi hoi phai ditgc tidn hanh thudng xuyen, khoa hoc thdng qua sir trai nghiem cua chinh ban ihan tre cac HDN d tnrong MN Viec thidt k& HDN phii hop la dieu kien quan trong, giup giao vien (GV) chd ddng ttong td chirc cac hoat ddng giao due (HDGD) nhdm lap luyen KN HDN cho tre, NOI DLING NGHIEN CUU 2.1 Dae diim cua tre - tudi Ket qud nghien ciiu ciia cac nha tam ly, giao due tre cm [3]; [7], cho thiy, ddn giai doan ^ ttifii, su phdt tndn vd ma thd chit vi cac chirc ning lam ly cua Ire da dat duac nhirng buoc lidn quan ttong, tao ca sa cho tre chii dgng, tich cue, tham gia vao cac hoat dgng da dang, phong phii vdi ban be va moi nguoi xung quanh Tre - loot cd nhiing ddc didm ca ban sau •n Klioa Tdm ly - Gido due Tnrimg Dgi ligc Hdng Due T,»P CHI KHOA HQC, TRU"(tNG P^l HQC H N C D C C - S6 DjiC BItT (5 i0171 Ve mat the chat: Tre o ttioi nay, bo xuang va ca bap dugc mau cung cap ddy dii, hSp thu chdt dmh duang tot lam cho site lire va tinh dan hoi tang len, nen cd dac diim la lit hoat bal, hieu dgng, ua kham pha the gtdi xung quanh minh Cac van dgng ciia tie buac dau da dat miic chinh xac, nhjp nhang, nhip dieu dn dmh, biet phoi hgp hanh dgng ciia minh vdi tap the Tre co kha nang chu y, quan sat hinh anh, dgng tac mlu ciia CO, ghi nha de thuc hien chimg He than kmh cua tte phat trien tot, Nhtmg die didm cho phep tte hoat dgng ttong khoang Ihoi gian lau hon va tham gia cac kieu tto choi phirc tap hon cung ban be ttong nhdm/lop Ve mdl tdm ly Tre - tuoi bat dau kham pha nhiing pham chat va kha nang rieng ciia minh, CO phan xa vui, budn ve cong va thdt bai, vi uu khuydt didm cCia ban than Ddi song tinh cam cua tre a liia tudi phong phu va sau sac hem rat nhieu so vdi lira tuoi tniac, Tre trai nghiem nhieu trang thai cam xiic va bifit bdc 16 tinh cim cua minh manh me va r5 rang hon den nhieu ddi tugng khac Tre luon mong mudn, chd dgi stt quan tam triu men, yen thuang tfr cha me, ngudi than, cd gi4o vd Ihich chai vdi ban O giai doan - tuoi, su phat ttien tam ly da tao dieu ki?n thu^n lgi cho vipc phal trien mdi quan he ciia tte vdi cac ban ciing tuoi len mgt buac moi Kha ndng sit dung ngon ngu noi thao giiip tte giao tiep thoai mai vdi b^n, Vi§c lich lijy von kinh nghiem phong phu ve the giai xung quanh va kha nang tu dgc lap, sang tao cho phep tri chii ddng, tu lin tham gia tich cue vao cac HDN ttudng MN, ddc biet la hoat dgng vui choi, hoc tap, lao dgng ma khdng can sir ttg giiip qua nhieu va thudng xuyen tir ngudi ldn Nhiing nghien cim ve tte em cho thay, tre - ttioi cd nhu cdu giao tidp manh me, cd kha nang thiet lap quan he voi cac ban cimg tudi ttong nhdm choi va frong nhirng hoal dgng hang ngay, mong mudn dugc hudng dan, giiip do, chia se vdi ban Khi tham gia cac hoat dpng chimg, dac biet la hoat dong choi Q-e dan dan ndm dugc cdc chuan muc hdnh vi va hinh tinh cam dao diic - xa hoi Tre bit dau chu y den die diem neng, sd thich ciia nhiing tre khac va quan tam hon ldi ban ciing choi, ciing tham gia cac hoat dong Dudi sir huong dan ciia ngudi lan, fre cd the ciing ban bac, xac dinh nhiem vu chung ciia nhom va thao thuan vS vi tri, vai ttd, nhipm vy ciia mdl vien ttong nhdm va thuc hien nhiem vu ciia nhom Nhiing dac diem phat ttien cua tte - tuoi neu tten la dieu kipn quan ttgng de hinh thanh, phat frien d m nhiing phdm chat va KN cdn thiel (ddc biet la KN HDN) nham giiip tte thich iing vdi moi truong hoat dgng mdi vao tieu hgc TAP CHi KHOA HQC, TRUt'>NG BAI HQC HONG BLIC - S6 l),»C BIEI (5 2017) 2.2 Quy Irinh thilt kl ho^t dgng tap luyen ki nang hoal dgng nhom cho tre b - tuoi Viec thiel kc hoal dpng dd tap luyen KN HDN cho tte - tudi d truong MN cin thuc hien nhu sau, 2.2.1 Xdc dinh muc lieu hoat ddng nhdm Khi xac dmh muc tieu HDN cho tte, GV cdn can cit vao dieu kien Ihuc te cua trucmg Idp va dac diem ve nhu cdu, kha nang, vdn kinh nghiem ciia tre ttong nhom va dac diem ciia tung tte, Tiiy thugc vao dieu kien thuc te cua lop, dac di£m cua tre va HDGD duoc lya chgn, GV co thi xac dinh cy the mgi hoac mgt s6 KN HDN se tap luyen cho Ire nhu: KN hinh va tri nhom; KN giao tiep theo nguyen tac tuong lac gitia cac vien Irong nhom, KN thuc hien cong viec ciia nhom KN giai quylt xung dot xay nhom GV xac dinh cy Ihe nhirng KN HDN can dugc tap luypn de lya chgn va thiel ke HDN phil hgp voi myc lieu tap luyen Tntoc lien, hoal dgng phai la boat dgng ciia nhom, CO myc ticu chung cho cac vien, Muc tieu chung phai du ldn de cac vien CO the phan chia cong viec cho va cac cong vice co the khac Viec thiet ke se dugc lap Irung vao cac viec lam hoac ngi dung d6 thuc hien nhiem vy tre se dirge lap luyen KN HDN GV phai xac dinh ro nhirng yen ciiu, nhiem vu fr6 c§n Ihyc hien ttong boat dgng dl tap luyen KN HDN Chang han, vdi tro chai dong vai theo chii dl (DVTCD) - chii dl "Gia dinh" co thi tap luyen cho tre nhimg KN hinh va tri nhom (ni ban cung tham gia nhom chai; Ihoa thuan vai ve ngi dung chm, phan vai choi yeu ciu d6i voi cac vai choi ), KN giao tilp theo nguyen tic lucmg tac giua cac vien ttong nhom (bay to mong muon ctia minh vl vai choi, ngi dung choi; ling nghe b?n, chia se voi han ,), KN giai quylt xung dot xay ttong nhom (khong tranh gianh chai, vai chai voi ban; nha co giao giiip giai quyet xay tranh cai voi ban ve chai, vai choi ) 2.2.2 Xdy dimg ndi dung hoat dpng nhdm Ngi dung HDN la nhung van dl gin vcri ngi dung GD tte - moi, Noi dung HDN phai dii kho va du ldn vcn tre dl co thi phan chia cong viec giua cac vien nhom, Ching han: chai fro choi DVTCD "Gia dinh", tn;c nhal gio an., GV can lya chgn ngi dung cac HDN tren ca so quan sat, danh gia nhu cau kha nang va miic dg KN HDN a tre, dam bao dl cac hoat dgng giiip giai quyet c6 hieu qua nhit muc tieu tap luyen KN HDN cho tre Nhimg hoat dong phat phii hop vai TAP CHI KHOA HOC, I RL ONG BAI HQC II6NG PtTC - S6 DAC BI$T (S 2017) each thiic t6 chitc theo nhom nho, co ihe phal huy duoc tinh tich eye, chu dong, sang tao ciia tte, dl dang to chiic ttong dieu kien thuc le ciia truong MN (co so val chat cua lap, s6 lugng tre rrinh chuyen mon nghiep vy va so trucmg cua GV ) va dam bao mitc dg yen ciu vl KN HDN dugc nang cao dan, nhu: hoal dong vui choi (dac bipt la tto choi DVTCD, tro chai xay dimg - lap ghep, tto chai hoc lap, tro choi van dgng) hoal dong tryc nhal, hoat dgng tao hinh Nhiing ngi dung HDN dugc lya chon phai thiet ihyc, gan giii vai tte, de thuc hien a mgi !uc mgi nai de thu hut phy huynh ciing tham gia vao qua trinh GD tre, dong thoi giiip tte dl dang van dung nhimg kinh nghiem da lich luy dugc vao cac linh huong cu the ttong cugc song, sinh hoal hang N61 dung HDN bao gom nhirng phan vice cy the ma moi vien can phai thuc hien de hoan nhiem vu chung ciia nhom Ngi dung HDN can duoc thiet ke cho tre thay duoc vai tro, trach nh]?m cua minh ttong nhom (nhom truong, vien ), dam bao phat huy dugc the manh cua tirng ca nhan tTs, lao co hgi de tte cung chia se y tuang voi nhau, giiip dd lan Irong qua Irinh hoal dgng, Noi dung HDN phai hap dan dot vai tre Neu ngi dung hoat dong don dieu, nham chan se khong tliu hiit duoc su quan lam ciia tte, tir de dan den thai dg \M O, thieu trach nhiem qua ttinh hoal dgng, dong thin myc lieu GD noi chung vh muc tieu tap luyen KN HDN rat kho de d^t dugc N61 dung HDN phai duoc xay dung theo hu6ng c6 the mo rgng, phiic lap h6a, tao su phu thugc tich cue giiia tre vai nhau, khuyen khieh su lac dgng qua Iai gifta tre nhom va dan nang cao yeu cau doi voi tte nhim giup cho KN HDN cua ire cang duoc phal tnen, hoan thien 2 Lua chon phuang phdp vd hinh thirc tdp luyen ky ndng hogt dgng nhdm Phuong phap tap luyen KN HDN bao g6m phuang phap thyc hanh, trai nghiem (phuong phap diing tro chai, phuong phap sti dung tinh huong co vin de, phuong phap luyen tap), phuang phap true quan - minh hga; phuong phap diing loi not; phuong phap GD bang tinh cam va khieh le; phuang phap neu guang - danh gii, Cac phuong phap cin duac lua chon phii hop vai timg HDN, phii hgp vcn muc lieu lap luyen nhirng KN HDN cy the phii hop voi dac dilm cua tre va dilu kicn thyc te cua nhoin/lijp Tap luyen KN HDN co the thong qua nhilu hinh thirc khac nhu: tap luypn o ttong lap, o ngoai ttoi, tap luyen theo cac loai hinh HDGD (hoal dgng vui choi; ho^l dgng Inrc nhat: hoat dgng hoc lap ) TAP CHi KHOA HQC, TRtT^NG PAJ HQC H N G BLTC - S6 BAC B 224 Lu-a chpn phuang tien, dam bdo cdc diiu kien Idp luyen ky nang hogt dgng nhdm Dam bao nhiing dieu kipn vat chit cin thilt, nhu- dilu kien vl khong gian, Ihoi gian, phuong tien, dd dimg, d l chai Moi mrong vat chit cin dam bao lao ca hoi cho sy ttrang tac thuan lgi giOa tre voi ttong qua trinh HDN Xay dung moi truong xa hgi: Dam bao sy an loan vl mgt tam ly, dl tth duoc thuang xuyen giao tilp, ihl hien mii quan he than thign vai va voi nh&ng nguai xung quanh, Giao vien va nguoi I6n luon gin gui, thuong yeutte,mlu muc ttong thai do, hanh vi iing xu de tte bat chuac, noi theo KET LUAN Thilt kl HDN la lya chgn va xay dung HDN phii hgp vdi muc tieu tap luyen KN HDN cho tte - tu6i va dieu kien tiiyc tl trucmg MN Hoat dong nhom dugc thiet kl dya tten nhiing dac dilm cy ihl ciia Icrp va dac diem ciia timg tre (ve nhu cau, thii, von kinh nghiem, kha nang rieng.,,) se giup GV chii dgng ttong lo chirc cac HDGD nham tap luyen KN HDN cho Ire, tranh dugc cac tac dgng "dong loat" ttong qua ttinh GD tth, giiip GV dl dang xii ly nhiing xung dgt sinh giQa ire ttong qua trinh lap luyen KN HDN, Day la dieu kien quan ttgng de phat tnen va timg buijc hoan thi?n KN HDN cho tt6 - luoi TAI LIEU THAM K H A O [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 3a3yjibCKafl, O, B (2006), (PopMupoBauue dodpoDKe.iamejibHbix omiiotueiitm MCDicdy dotuKOJibHUKOMu, PedeuoK e demcKOM cady: HJI ineTOfl acypH BocimTaTeJieft ,iiomKOJi yHpeacfleHHfi, 2006-Xo MHxaiiiieHKO H.,H., HBauKOBa PA (1980), Bocmmamie demeii e uepe, M ripocBemeHHe KypacB T.A., HoafapcKan E H (2002), Boipacmiian ncuxoJioeuji: Kypc neKUHii, PocTOB-Ha-flony: YHHH Bajieo,iiorHH PFV Robert B Maddux (2007), Xdy dung nhdm ldm viec (Team buiding), Nxb Ting hgp TP Ha Chi Minh THTOBa H H (2013), Op^aHll3a^un coodufecmea demeii dowKOJibuoeo eospacma KOK ycnoeue paseumua ux KOMMyiiUKamueHoU Ko.unemenmnocmu JiemcKUU cad meopuM u npaKmuKO, 2013, J^Ta 3, Nguyin Anh Tuylt (1987), Gido dvc tre mdu gido Irong nhdm ban be, Nxb, Giao dye, Ha Ngi Nguyin Anh Tuylt (chu bien) (2008), 7am ly hpc Ire em lua ludi mdm non, Nxb D?i hgc Su pham Ha Noi TAF CHi KHOA HQC, T R J / O N G B » I HQC H N G BtfC - SO B^C BIET (S 2017) DESIGNING APPROPRIATE ACTIVITIES TO PRACTISE GROUP WORK SKILLS FOR - YEAR-OLD KIDS IN KINDERGARTENS Cao Thi Cue ABSTRACT Designing effective group work activities is an important factor which helps teachers raise the sense of imitative in organizing educational activities to practise group working skills for kids from to years old in kindergartens Designing group work activities includes Identify the target of group work activities: Build content ofgroup work aclivthes, Choose the method andform of practising group-work skills, Choose suitable means and ensure conditions for practising group-work skills Keywords: Group work activities, practise group work skills, kids from to years old ... ngi dung chm, phan vai choi yeu ciu d6i voi cac vai choi ), KN giao tilp theo nguyen tic lucmg tac giua cac vien ttong nhom (bay to mong muon ctia minh vl vai choi, ngi dung choi; ling nghe b?n,... ttgng de phat tnen va timg buijc hoan thi?n KN HDN cho tt6 - luoi TAI LIEU THAM K H A O [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 3a3yjibCKafl, O, B (20 06) , (PopMupoBauue dodpoDKe.iamejibHbix omiiotueiitm... qua nhit muc tieu tap luyen KN HDN cho tre Nhimg hoat dong phat phii hop vai TAP CHI KHOA HOC, I RL ONG BAI HQC II6NG PtTC - S6 DAC BI$T (S 2017) each thiic t6 chitc theo nhom nho, co ihe phal