HUONG DAN QUAN LI su DUNG |]IHG DUNG CONG NGHE THONG TIN TRONG GIAO DUG HUfliNG HGHIEP CHO HOC SINH PHO THONG THONG OUA MON CONG NONE Nhirng nam qua, vai trd, tim quan trpng va hipu qui img dyng cdng[.]
HUONG DAN QUAN LI su DUNG |]IHG DUNG CONG NGHE THONG TIN TRONG GIAO DUG HUfliNG HGHIEP CHO HOC SINH PHO THONG THONG OUA MON CONG NONE ThS Trjnh Van Cufrng Hgc vifn Qudn ly gido due Nhirng nam qua, vai trd, tim quan trpng va hipu qui img dyng cdng nghp thdng tin (CNTT) day hgc da dugc chiing minh bang thuc tidn giao dye Ddl mdi phuang phap day hgc CO irng dyng CNTT la mgt chu dd Idn dugc UNESCO dua thinh chuang trinh cua the ky XXI v i dy doan se c6 su thay ddi nen giio due mgt cich can bin Chi thi 29/2001/CTBGD&DT cua Bp trudng Bo GD&DT cung da neu ro: "Doi v&i gido due vd ddo tgo CNTT CO tdc dgng mgnh me, ldm thay doi phuang phdp, phuang thde dgy vd hoc, CNTT Id phuang tien de tien t&i mgt xa hgi hgc tap " Su can thiet irng dung CNTT giao due h u ^ g nghifp (GDHN) cho HS THPT thong qua day hpc mon Cong nghe a Xudt phdi tir ddc diem mon hoc: Mon Cdng nghe la tich hpp cua cac mdn hoc thii cong va ky thuat phd thdng (ky thuat phuc vy, ky thuat ndng nghiep, ky thugt cdng nghiep) Npi dung mon Cong nghe trudng THPT phin anh cic loai hinh lao dgng bien nhu; lao dgng thii cdng, lao dpng ky thuat dan giin cic ITnh vuc dich vy, cdng nghiep, ndng - lam - ngu nghiep Die thii ciia mon Cdng nghe li di theo chuang trinh cua timg khdi ldp vdi nhieu phan mdn khac nhau, cd lien quan tdi hing loat nghe ITnh vuc ndng nghiep v i cong nghi?p nhu: trpt, che bien phan bdn, thirc in gia sue Khi tmyen thy npi dung kidn thiic niy, giio vien (GV) phii cd sy lien hf img dyng nhimg kidn thirc vao ndng nghiep, can chi rd cdng nghf da tgo ca sd khoa hgc cho ndng nghiep nang cao nang suit cay trdng, vat nudi, thong qua cic quy trinh sin xuit b Xudt phdt tir tiem ndng mon hgc: Mon Cdng nghf la mdn hgc rat bd ich v i ly thii neu nhu biet each khai thac mpt each triet de ndi dung ciia mdn hgc Nhiing die trung ciia mdn Cdng nghe hoan toin dip iing nhu cau ciia cong tic hudng nghiep trudng phd thdng Vi the, mdn Cdng nghe va GDHN la hai bp phin co ciu triic chuang trinh, ngi dung va phuang phip td chiic tien hanh khic nhung la hai bp phan gin giii cd quan be ke thira lin Phin cdng nghd giiip HS nam nhirng npi dung ca ban ciia mdt qui trinh cdng nghe sin xuat Dieu nay, se giiip HS hieu biet vd nghe nghifp CO lien quan tdi cdng nghe, nam dugc nhirng ddi hdi cua cdng nghe vdi phim chat ngudi Nhirng cdng viec niy chinh la mgt phin npi dung quan trpng phuc vu die luc vio cdng tic GDHN cho HS Day hpc cd long ghep, tich hgp GDHN se khac phuc nhiing kho khan, ban che vide truydn tii kien thirc ciia GV Vi viy, neu GV long ghep dupe GDHN vio nhiing tiet day Cdng nghd thi hieu qui giio dye se dugc ning cao, dat ndn ting cho vifc chpn lya nghd nghifp tuong lai ciia HS Tuy nhidn, de thuc hifn ciing mpt Iiic hai muc tieu: day hgc mdn Cdng nghe va GDHN thdng qua vifc day hpc mdn Cdng nghe ddi hoi phii ling dyng dugc CNTT vao day hpc mdi khai thic bet tiem nang ciia mdn Cdng nghf, giup cho cdng tic hudng nghifp cho HS dat bieu qui cao Ung dung CNTT GDHN cho HS THPT thong qua day hoc mon Cong nghe Ddi mdi phuang phip day hpc nhim gdp phin ning cao chit lugng giio due toin dien cho HS Vide iing dung CNTT v i cac thidt bi bifn dgi vao day hpc l i nhin td quan trpng mang lai hieu qui cao day hpc v i GDHN ciia mon Cdng nghe Dh thuc hifn dugc GDHN cho HS day hgc mdn Cong nghe dat hidu qui, can j)hai ling dyng CNTT d mgt so npi dung sau: a Thiet ke gido dn, bdi gidng dien tir GDHN cho HS dgy hgc mon Cong nghe Giio an dien tu (ke hoach bii day) Ii dan y, la ke hoach bii giang cua GV sogn tren may vi tinh Bai giing difn Ui Ii tien trinh GV tridn khai giao i n cua minh trdn ldp co irng dung CNTT v i cic thidt bi nghe nhin khic Bii giing thudng dupe thidt kd dudi dang bin Word hoac Powerpomt Bai giing dien tu cd nhung uu Ngdy nhgn bai 20/03/2013; Ngdy duyet dang 25/4/2013 28 • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUG-SO 93-05/2013 I HUONG DAN QUAN LI s u DUNG diem sau: - True quan, hip din, kien thirc toin didn, ciing mot khoang thdi gian nhu v | y nhung lugng kien thiic truyen dgt dugc nhieu ban ma vin dim bio dupe chit lugng va hieu qui ciia tiet hpc - Cd the tu dgng hda cdng vifc dgy hpc mdn Cdng nghf cd npi dung GDHN a mpt so khiu qui trinh day hpc Npi dung kidn thirc can ghi bang it ban Nhd do, GV CO nhieu thdi gian tap trung vio vifc hudng dan HS tiep can kien thiic, td chirc thio lu|n nhom, giai dap va trao ddi kien thiic, md rdng nhirng ngi dung cd lien quan den bii bgc - Bai giang co the long ghep vai cic video, clip, tinh hudng minh hga lien quan tdi GDHN day hpc mdn Cdng nghe se lim tang thdm sire hap din cho bai day Lien ket cac trang Web crnig trinh bay van de lien quan den GDHN d cac trudng, cac nude khic de ngudi hpc lien he, so sinh Cic hinh thiic dat hieu qua cao dupe nhieu GV sir dyng li: day trinh chieu vdi cich thidt ke cic siie cd hinh thiic ^ i n giong vdi bing truyen thdng; sir dung miy chieu nhu mot phuang tidn hd trp cung cip kenh hinh vdi nhieu hinh anh sinh dpng, i m thanh, video ma khong phii chuan bi nhieu tranh anh, bing phu, thidt bi khic; CNTT vdi nhieu ghin mem tien ich la cdng cu hd trg dac lye cho GV cong tic soan bil, quin ly diem, dinh gia xdp loai HS tien lpi v i nhanh chdng * Chuan bj xiy dyng bii giing: Gdm chuin bi ngi dung, suu tap tii lifu difn tii Xic djnh rd muc dich, yeu cau cua bai hgc Cong nghf va GDHN Nhiing kien thiic, ky nang, thii dp can hinh thinh cho HS sau mdi bai hgc Bim sit chuong trinh sich giio khoa mon Cdng nghd v i sich GV hoat dpng GDHN ma Bp GD&DT da ban hinh Xac dinh nhung kien thirc ca bin, trgng tam ma HS cin nam vung tidt hgc Suu tam, chpn lgc cac phan mem, tranh inh, bang dia co lien quan den npi dung ciia bai * Thiet ke bil giing: Su dung phan mem PowerPoint hpac Microsoft Word de thiet ke bai giing Xay dung npi dung cu the cho mdi trang (moi slide) bil giang Du kien khoi lugng kien thiic bii day Cdng nghe va npi dung GDHN se truyen dat cho HS qua moi gid hpc tuang img vdi ke hoach bai day cu the da xac dinh Kiem dinh su toan dien ciia bai giang dien tu bang each tien hanh thidt ke va chay thii nham phit hien 16i de chinh sira cho phli hgp vdi muc tidu, ke hoach da ddra bii * Tien hinh bii giing: Day la phin chinh cua cua bii giang dien tir, la budc truyen tai tri thirc cd su ho trg ciia CNTT va cic thiet bi nghe nhin khac ciia GV tdi ngudi hpc Do vay, ngudi GV cin ket hgp hai hoa giua kenh thuyet trinh vdi phuang tien nghe nhin da dugc thidt ke, de mot thdi gian nhit djnh truyen tii dugc ngi dung bai hpc dong thdi thyc hien duac ngi dung GDHN cho HS Vi viy, xiy dung mpt bai b Khai thde tdi nguyen tren giing didn tu: "bai giing Cdng nghe CO npi dung GDHN" gdm internet phuc vu GDHN cho HS dgy hge mon Cong cac budc sau: nghe Kidn thiic ciia mdn Cdng nghf bao gom nhieu ITnh vyc khic Tai nguyen tren intemet l i mpt kho thdng tin vo tin Do vay, GV cin khai thic cac thong tin tren mang v i suu tim nhiing hinh inh tir thuc te de ap dung vao bii giing, giiip cho bii giang trd nen phong phli, song dpng, hap din HS se tiep thu bai giang mpt each tu nhien v i cd hifu qui hon c Xdy dung website GDHN dgy hgc mon Cong nghe Day la bidn phap iing dung nhiing tien bg ciia CNTT vao day hpc Qua he thong CNTT giiip cho moi quan he giiia: GV vdi HS; GV vdi GV; HS vdi HS dugc thiet lap Muon khai thac, trao doi thong tin GDHN day hgc mon Cong nghe v i khai thac nhung thong tin tren mang co hieu qua thi phai xay dung website Yeu cau website phai chiia dung npi dung phuc vu cho giing day, trao doi Qua d6 GDHN cho HS day hgc qua mang ddng thdi ren luyen ky nang khai thac cac trang website phuc vu hpc tap cho HS Giiip GV va CBQL phd bien cac noi dung, phuang phap va hinh thiic long ghep GDHN day hpc mon Cong nghe tien lgi va hieu qua hem Tao nhiing kenh thdng tin trao ddi qua trang website rieng cua trudng, ciia GV va HS trucmg ddng gop y kien, chia se nhiing ngi dung, kinh nghiem giang day,^ hgc tap v i nhiing thong tin can thiet phuc vu cho viec GDHN day hpc mdn Cdng nghe d trudng THPT De xay dyng mpt website cd chat lugng nen quan tam den kinh nghiem ciia cac chuyen gia thiet ke website, phai cd sy TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 93-05/2013 • 29 HUONG DAN QUAN LI s u DUNG ho trg tir cic chuydn gia dd cho ddi mgt website hap dan, thu hut ddng dio cic vien, lupng khich tham quan Bifn p h i p irng dyng CNTN GDHN cho HS T H P T thong qua day hpc mon Cong nghf a Ndng cao nhdn thirc img dung CNTT vdo GDHN dgy hgc mdn Cong nghe Day manh tuydn tmydn cho GV thiy ro hi|u qua va yeu ciu mang tinh tat ydu ciia ling dyng CNTT ddi mdi phuang phap giing day; giiip hp nhan thiic dupe Igi ich ciia CNTT thdi dai cua cdng nghiep hoi, hifn dai boa; xu the ciia ndn kinh td tri thirc Vai tro, tic dgng cua CNTT doi vdi GD&DT Su cin thiet phii day manh img dung CNTT vio ITnh vuc GD&DT Thdng qua nhieu hinh thiic nhu: tridn khai cac van bin chi dao ciia Bg, nganh vd ling dyng CNTT day hpc, thong qua cic budi hop, sinh boat chuyen mdn to, khdi, hgi thio chuyen dd Dac bift de trien khai thinh cdng thi lanh dao nha trudng phai nhan thirc dugc vai tro va tam quan trpng cua viec irng dung CNTT day hpc, tir quan tim tao didu kidn v i trien khai thyc hien qua nhidu hogt dgng nhu: * Xiy dyng dgi ngii cin bp cdt cin: Phin cdng GV co dii nang lye v i tim huyet phy trich cdng vifc niy, sin sing tgo dieu kifn cho GV hpc tip v i tham gia cic ldp tgp huin dd ning cao nang lye Td chuyen mdn phy trach cii cac GV chju trich nhifm chinh dd dupe tip huan va hd trg ddng nghifp td cdng tic sogn giing vdi CNTT * Td chirc tip huin dai tri: Td chirc cic ldp bdi dudng ky nang sir d y n ^ m i y tinh v i cic phin mem hd trg sogn giing Cic ldp tap huin dugc td chiic theo hinh thirc trao ddi giiip dd lan nhau, tip trung chil ydu y i o nhiing ky nang m i GV cin su dung qui trinh soan giing v i bat diu tii nhung ky nang don giin nhit nhu: each tra ciiu v i tim kiem thdng tin, each sir dung mgt sd phuang tien miy chidu, miy quay phim, cic budc sogn mpt bii trinh chieu, cic phan mdm thong dung, each thidt ke bii kidm tra Didu quan trpng li dpng vidn GV tich cue tu hpc, san sang chia se, luon cau thj tidn bg, thudng xuydn trao ddi vdi ddng nghiep, tao mdi trudng hpc hdi chuyen mdn tich cue b Ndng eao trinh tin hgc vd ky ndng irng dung CNTT cuaGVvdHS De ning cao trinh dp tin hgc va ky ning img dung CNTT cho can bg, GV vd tam quan trgng ciia vifc iing dyng CNTT dgy hgc thi phii khang dinh CNTT li cdng cu quan trgng, thidt thuc cho vide diy manh chit lugng giio due Nhin thiic dugc didu do, nhi trudng cin chil trgng bdi dudng ky ning img dyng CNTT cho GV thdng * To chiic cic ldp tin hpc va bdi dudng ky nang img dyng CNTT cho HS: Nha tmdng td chirc cic Idp tin hgc chmh khda vao diu nam hgc tir nang cao ning sir dyng miy tmh, img dung CNTT vio boat dgng hgc tip ciia HS De lim dugc dieu niy, ngoii su nhidt tinh ciia dpi ngii cdt cin thi ban Giam hieu phii ludn quan tim sit sao, di diu guang miu Ben canh dd, Hifu trudng v i cac can bp nhi tmdng cin chii trpng • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 93-05/2013 dy ^ d tham lop, nit kinh nghifm v i td chiic sinh hogt chuydn mon trao ddi vd cich iing dyng CNTT mpt cich chpn lgc, phii hpp vdi ddi tugng, nham phat huy hifu qui, tic dung cua phuang tien, trinh Igm dyng qui miic Cd nhu viy mdi dip iing dupe nhu ciu doi mdi phuang phip day hpc, tao sy hiing thii hgc tip ciia HS T i i lifu tham khio Nguydn Van Khoi, Tran Van Chuang, VG Thiiy Duong, Van Lf Hang, Vii Van Hien, Cong nghe 10 nong, ldm, ng^ nghiep, tgo lgp doanh nghi^, NXB Giio dye, H.2006 Nguydn Van Khdi, Nguyen Van Anh, Nguydn Trpng Bmh, Dang Van Cir, Nguydn Trpng Khanh, Trin Hiru Que, Cdng nghe 11 cdng nghiep, NXB Giao dye, H 2006 Nguyen Van Khdi, Dang Van Dao, Doin Nhan Lp, Tran Minh So, Tran Van Thinh, Cong nghe 12 NXB Giio due, H 2010 Summary Applying Information Technology in teaching is an essential factor, leading to teaching and learning effectiveness in general and Technology Subject In particular However, application of Information Technology must originate from characteristics, potentials of Technology Subject so as to indetify application contents such as: preparing lesson plans, e-Iesson plans, exploring resources and designing websites serving vocation education in teachmg Technology Subject Spontaneously, there must be suitable and feasible measures ... hpc Qua he thong CNTT giiip cho moi quan he giiia: GV vdi HS; GV vdi GV; HS vdi HS dugc thiet lap Muon khai thac, trao doi thong tin GDHN day hgc mon Cong nghe v i khai thac nhung thong tin tren... nhung thong tin tren mang co hieu qua thi phai xay dung website Yeu cau website phai chiia dung npi dung phuc vu cho giing day, trao doi Qua d6 GDHN cho HS day hgc qua mang ddng thdi ren luyen ky... HUONG DAN QUAN LI s u DUNG ho trg tir cic chuydn gia dd cho ddi mgt website hap dan, thu hut ddng dio cic vien, lupng khich tham quan Bifn p h i p irng dyng CNTN GDHN cho HS T H P T thong qua day