Quan niệm của người theo đạo thiên chúa về hạnh phúc

Nghien ciiu Gia d i n h va Gicii So - Quan niem cua ngirai theo dao Thien Chua ve hanh phuc Pham Thj Pha Le Hoc vi6n Chinh tri khu vuc Thdnh phfl H6 Ch( Minh T o m t a t : M u c dich co b a n cuoc sd'ng cua mdi ngUdi !a t i m kiem h a n h phuc du la ngUdi tin vao tdn giao h a y k h o n g D a y la mong Udc ciia moi ngUdi, mdi thdi dai xa hdi va van de n a y d a n g n g a y c a n g dUdc cac qud'c gia q u a n t a m Viet N a m hien nay, n h i e u ngudi da xem tdn giao nhU mot p h a n k h d n g t h e t h i e u t r o n g ddi so'ng h a n g ngay, nhflng dieu r a n day d t r o n g giao ly, k i n h t h a n h cua cac tdn giao co a n h h u d n g r a t Idn de'n viec tao dUng cudc so'ng cung nhU kiem tim h a n h p h u c cua ngUdi, Vice tim hieu q u a n niem ve h a n h p h u c c u n g nhU phUdng each, dudng di de d a t de'n h a n h phuc va viec gin gifl h a n h p h u c cua ngUdi theo dao Thien C h u a se minh chflng cho dieu do, dong thdi gdp p h d n l a m ro t h e m sU da d a n g , phong p h u ve q u a n niem h a n h p h u c cua cac tdn giao ndi rieng, cua ngvfdi d a n d Viet N a m hien ndi chung Tii k h o a : H a n h phuc; H a n h phuc cua ngUdi T h i e n C h u a giao; Con dudng t i m kiem h a n h phuc Oat van de D a o Thidn Chua ddi vao dau Cong nguyen, lai G i e r u s a l c m , v u n g Palesiin thu6c cac linh phi'a D o n g de q u o c La M a co dai Sau hon hai m u o i t h e k y tdn tai va phat trien, cho den Thien C h u a g i a o la ton giao 40 Nghien cdU Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 27, so 2, tr 39-47 CO so lucmg ifn dd dihig thiJ hai the' gidi (sau Hdi Giao), cd hd thdng td chijc giao ly, giao luat, Id nghi chat che va thd'ng nha't tren pham vi loan cdu dting dau la Toa Vatican Viet Nam, Thien Chiia giao du nhap ch$m hem so vdi Phat giao, Nho giao nhimg vide tiep thu Thidn Chua giao lam cho biic tranh da sSc mau cua van hda Viet Nam trd nen hoan thien hon, bdi vl, ne'u Phat giao va Nho giao mang nhieu dac trung ciia van hda phuong D6ng thi Thien Chua giao lai mang den cho Viet Nam nhimg gia tri mdi ciia vkn hda phuang Tay, tao ndn nhimg dac trung rieng bidl Mdt nhiJng gia tri van hda tao ndn ban sac Thien Chiia giao dd la quan niem cua cdng ddng theo dao Thien Chiia ve hanh phuc Cung gidng nhu Phat giao va cac tdn giao khac, Thien Chiia giao ludn mong mud'n mang lai ni^m vui va hanh phiic, an iii nhung dau Ihuong, mat mat cho ta't ca moi ngudi, ba't ke' la ngudi giau hay ngudi ngheo, ngudi cd hoc va'n cao hay ngudi cd hoc va'n tha'p ngudi cd dia vi xa hoi hay ngudi dan binh thudng, ngudi cao men hay tre nhd, nam hay nO, lam nghe nghiep gi, sdng d thi hay nong thon, v.v Diem chung nha't cua loai nguoi tren thd'gidi hien la theo dudi cudc sdng hanh phiic Nhu vay, hanh phiic la nhu c^u Iir nhien ciia ngudi Ngoai die'm chung ba't bien dd, mdi c6ng ddng xa hdi va mdi t6n giao lai cd nhung net dac thii ridng Vay nhung ngudi theo dao Thien chtia quan niem ve hanh phiic nhu the nao? Hanh phuc va quan niem hanh phuc cua ngudi theo Thien Chua giao 2.1 Hanh phiic la gi? Trong ddi sdng hang hanh phiic cua ngudi thudng dugc th^ hien thong qua su thda man/hai long vi cu6c sd'ng vat cha't va tinh Ih^n cua minh Chang han nhu: hanh phiic la dugc khde manh, binh an, dugc hoc tap tdt, cd viec lam dn dinh, cd thu nhap cao, dugc vui chai thda thi'ch, duoc sdng m6i xa h6i 6n dinh lanh manh, m6i trudng sach cd mdi gia dinh em a'm, mOt noi chdn binh yen di di ve, m6t cdng viec nhu y, cd ngudi de ydu thucmg va dugc yeu thuong v v Mdi ngudi se cd su cam nhan khac ve hanh phiic, nen se cd each tra Idi rieng cho minh VSy dau la lieu chi chung d^ xac dinh dugc trang thai hanh phiic? Tren the gidi da cd khong ft tac gia va cong trinh nghifin ciiu ban vd khai niem hanh phiic Theo Daniel M Haybron, "hanh phiic la U-ang thai cam xiic cua ngudi cd duoc sir hai Idng iron vcn" (Haybron, 2013:48) Ph^mThiPhaLe 41 Vdi Ben - Sfliahar thi "hanh phdc la &\t kgt hop gifla cam giSc thoa man, thfch thii v^ su nhan tfiiic ^ nghia cudc s ^ g " , '*hanh phiic thuc sir phai duoc x&y dung vflng c h ^ tr3n cam nhdn r ^ g chung ta dang stfng mdt cudc stfng dky ^ nghia" (Shahar, 2009: 7, 8) Tuc ngfl, ca dao dia Viet Nam cung da ngm ca, dien ta rSt nhilu vi hanh phfic, cu th^, vi tinh cam vg ch6ng:"Rdu tdm ndu vdi rudt bdulChSng chan vg hup gat ddu khen ngon " hay "Thudn vg thuan chong tdt bien Ddng cung can" hoSc "Chong em rack em thucmgfChdng ngUdi gdm xdng huffng mac ngudi"; vi su nhucnig nhin cua mdi ngucd gia dinh d^ bao ve hanh phfic b ^ lau ciia gia dinh: "Chong gian thi vg bdt IdilCam sdt bdt Ivta chang ddi ndo "; vi tinh ngKa anh em mdt thit tiu: "Anh em nhu the chdn tay" hay "Mot ngua dau cd tdu bd cd"; vi each cu xtt cua cai ddi vdi cha me: "Mdt Idng thd me kinh chafTrin Id dao hieu, dudi Id dao ", v.v Theo tac gia Huong Giang "Hanh phuc khong phdi la cdi bdnh vemd Id dieu cd that cugc sd'ng, chiing ta khdng mcr tudng hanh phuc d mot thien dudng ndo dd md bdng nd li^ cua minh, bdng doi tay, trdi tim vd tri tue, chiing ta tao dung nen hanh phdc cho minh vd cho mgi ngudi Ddy Id dao ly sdng, Id udcmcrcOa ngudi" (Huang Giang, 1999:18) That vay, hanh phfic khdng d dau xa ma nd nam canh chfing ta, song nd khdng tu d€n mh ban tay, khtfi dc cua ngudi tao Trong cudc sdng ngudi phai tu van ddng da'u tranh m ^ cd dugc hanh phfic Hanh phfic ludn ia c ^ dfch ma ngudi khat khao vuon tdi, la cdi ngudn va cung la muc tieu cufTi ciing cua cudc s6ng Tiiy thudc vao mdi ngufn, mdi cdng ddng xa hdi va mdi thdi di^m, thdi k^* khac ma yg^u t6 vat chSt hay tinh t h ^ , quan hd gia dinh xa hdi hay ddi sdng ndi tSm anh hucmg nhilu hon hay it hon d^n cam nhan hanh phfic Linh muc NguySn Manh Ddng (2005) vigt: "Ngudi dang sdng ngheo khd tdng thieu thi chi cdu vdn du xdi Ngudi cd dieu kien ldm an thi mong phdt dat giau sang Ngudi dd gidu thi mong dugc yen dn de hudng thu lau ddi NgUdi y thdc vi nhdn phdm, nhdn quyen thi mudn di^c tu ddc lap Ngudi CO du nhihig dieu kien tren nhUng thay chung quanh nhieu ngUin khd thi mong cho mgi ngudi dugc hudng nhu minh Thay mgi ngudi cd du dieu kien dddugc hanh phuc nhUng khong cd tuong quan tdt vdi thi lai mong mgi ngUdi ton trgng yeu thuong Mgi ngixdi biet yeu thucmg va di^c hanh phuc rdi thi lai mudn dugc hanh phdc mdi mdi, v.v Nhu thd mgi ngudi diu mong i^c dugc hanh phdc vd nghi den cung thi hanh phuc md hg mong mudn phdi la hanh phdc cd tinh tuyet ddi vd vTnh cihi" (Nguyen Manh Ddng, 2005: 22) 42 Nghien cCfu Gia dinh v i Gidi Quyen 27, s o 2, tr 39-47 2.2 Hanh phuc cua ngu6i Thien Chiia giAo Hanh phfic ma ngudi dan theo Thidn Chfia quan niem 1& gl? Ho tim ki6n hanh phfic d dau? Ho phai lam gi d^ c6 dugc hanh phuc vk gift dugc hanh phfic dd nhu th^nao? Dd \k nhiing vin di dat mk ngu6i v i a mong mudn tim hi^u va chia se Hanh phdc Id niem tin Gidng nhu moi tdn giao khac, Thien Chua gido cung cd quan niem rieng vi hanh phfic N6u nhu Dao Phat coi tu dudng ban than d^ thoat khdi ham mudn nhuc cam, khdng Ikm diiu ac, hudng d6h cdi thien di c6 dugc hanh phuc, Hdi gido tdn thd Thanh Ala, thi Thidn Chfia giao tin vao Chfia Trdi che chd, din d^t vk dem lai hanh phfic cho moi ngu5i Vdi ngudi Cdng gido, ti^n bac, quyln liic, giau cd hay ngheo kh6, v.v khdng phai la nhflng thfi lam cho nguciri hanh phfic hay bdt hanh md "Hanh phiic cua ngudi cong gido chinh Id dugc ldm Thiin Chua, Id Cha ddy Idng yeu thucmg vd dugc ldm cung long Me Hdi Thdnh" (Ddn theo Pham Van Ddu, 2000: 38) Vi theo ho, ngudi khdng ngdu nhien hay tu minh md cd, md "Thiin Chiia tao dung nin gidng hinh dnh Ngdi Con ngudi le thuoc vdt chdt nhu cdc lodi vdt khde, nhung uu viet hdn mgi lodi Id dugc Thiin Chda ban hai sdng cua Thien Chua, dugc phuc ban linh hdn bdt tH' (Pham Vdn Ddu, 2000: 38) Thien Chfia dimg ndn loai ngudi cd nam va cd nfl, ciing mdt phdm gid, d^ ho sdng bd tfic cho vd cdng tdc vdi Ngdi vide luu truyin su sdng (Hdi ddng Giam muc Viet Nam (HDGMVN), 2013: 31) Hanh phfic Id mffi quan tam hang ddu cua Thidn Chfia ddi vdi ngudi, vi chfnh Thien Chfia da xud'ng the' ldm ngudi d^ loan bao tin mttng hanh phfic va giup ngucn xdy dung hanh phuc Theo Dflc Giesu, khdt vgng sau sdc nhdt cfia ngufirt, dd Id khdt vgng hanh phfic, mdt hanh phfic todn didn cho ca ddi ndy Idn ddi sau Hanh phfic cdt tai mdi tinh "hidp thdng" Hidp thdng v&i Dfic Gidsu, vdi chmh ban than, v ^ mgi ngudi va vdi ca vu tru vd van vat nfla Chinh Dfic Giesu la Ddng soi sdng, ddn dat vd ndng da ngudi thuc hidn mdi hiep thdng dd (Nguyen Manh Ddng, 2005: 8) Con dudng died hanh phtic cua ngudi ThUn Chda gido Gidng nhu nhflng ngudi ngoai dao, ngudi dan theo Thien Chfia giao cung cd mudn vdn dudng vd cdch thflc dl tim dugc hanh phuc, d mdi dudng cd nhflng trie't ly vd nilm tin rieng, ddng thdi cung cd rdt nhilu trd ngai, khd khan Budc di mdt budc du ngdn hay ddi, ma cam thdy Pham Thi Pha Le 43 long minh ti^n len, dlh gdn vdi le sdng, vdi nilm tin, ly tucmg, cho du co kho khdn d^n mdy nhung ngudi cam thdy hai long v ^ nhung gi da co thi dd Id hanh phfic da dat dugc Cho db, ranh gi& gifla bilt du, bilt hai Idng vdi ban thdn la mong manh Mdi cd nhdn chgn dudng ndo di chang nua thi dIu co chung mdt muc dfch la phai chi^n thdng cac dieu kien bin ngodi xa hdi md ngudi cho Id khdng tdt va chil^n thdng cdi vi k^ ben titag ca nhdn d l dat tdi dilm cue dai cua hanh phfic Nhu vdy, hanh phfic cd dugc Id tfl cdi tdm an binh cua mdi nguM, la su tmh Idng, binh yen d tdm h6n hg Trong he thdng giao ly cua Thien Chfia giao ban v l dudng d l cd nhdn cd dugc hanh phfic ddi ddi da chi ro: "Ai thiet tha vd trung thdnh tudn gia luat trgn hdo - ludt mang lai tu do, thi hdnh luat Chua, chd khdng nghe qua rdi bo, thi se tim dmc hanh phdc mgi viec minh ldm" (Ddn theo HDGMVN, 2013:127) Con ngudi phai sdng theo tdm mdi phfic tin mflng (Hific thay cd tdm hdn ngheo khd; Phfic thay hiln lanh; Hiuc thay sdu khd; Hific thay khat khao sdng dc^d chmh tnic; Phuc thay bill xdt thuong ngudi; Phfic thay cd Idng sach; Phfic thay xdy dung hda binh; Rific thay bi ngudi ddi ngugc dai, ma vdn stfng chuih true Idnh) va "Sdng theo lucmg tdm thdng, nhd dn sung cua Ddc Kitd " (HDGMVN, 2013:127) Vdi ngudi dan theo Thien Qtfia, thuc hien dugc cdc mdi phfic rdt Id quan trgng, bcri vi, mdt mat "Cdc mdi phuc phdc hga dung mgo cua Chua Giesu, diin td an ggi cua ngudi Kitd hSu, minh hga nhSng hdnh ddng vd thdi cua ddi sdng Kitd hihi vd chi cho hg dudng dot tdi hanh phuc ddi ddi" vd mdt khac, "Cdc mdi phuc ddp lai khdt vgng hanh phdc md Thiin Chua dd dat long ngudi, dd Idi keo hg ve vdi Chiia, vi chi mot minh Ngdi lap ddy chd ay md thai" (KXJMVN,'2013:128) Theo ngucri Kitd hflu, hanh phuc thdt chi cd ncri "Hiien Chfia vd chi noi Thien Chfia hg mdi gap dugc chdn ly trgn ven, hodn hao, ddng thdi dat d^n hanh phfic dich thuc md nhdn loai khdng ngijmg tim kilm hay ndi each khac la cd hanh phfic va su binh an dich thuc Chfing ta bid^t, binh an la dugc hanh phfic, nhung binh an la mdt trang thai v6 hinh rdt khd ludng dugc, song d l cd dugc su binh an, tren thuc llcon ngudi thudng nhdn bill ho qua cdc ddu hilu huu hinh DCTi vdi nhiing tin hflu theo Thien Chfia, hg thi hien dilu dd qua vide tim din Thanh 11 cdu nguydn hdng ngay, dgc Kinh Thdnh, ctr hanh phung vu cdc gid kinh, tham du cac bi tfch, v.v Chinh thflng qua cdc nghi II, phung vu nhu vay cac tfn hflu se tim thdy dugc su binh an cua Chua vd tii dd dem lai binh an cho ban than D l dat dugc hanh phfic thuc su, trudc hit, phai thuc hidn cho bang ducrc ndi dung 44 Nghien cCru Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 27, so 2, tr 39-47 cac dilu i ^ cfia thdp gidi: Thd nhat, tdn thd Thien Chfia, tdn thd Id tdm linh, la thdi dd cua lodi ngudi d^Ti vdi Thidn Chfia, loai ngudi nhin nhdn su sdng va cai chit cua minh hodn toan le thudc vdo Thidn Chfia Tlidi dd ndi tdm can ban ndy ddi budc phai thi hien bdn ngoai bdng nhilu hinh thiic (cdu nguyen, t l II, sdng tudn phuc Thien Chfia, v.v.) B6n phdn cfia ngudi Kitd hflu la tudn gifl cdc thdnh chi va menh Idnh cOa Thidn Chfia vi hanh phfic dugc ban cho ngufri tudn gifl ludt phap Chua vd vdng theo S Ngai Kinh trgng danh Chfia yeu mIn va cdm ta Thien Chfia hit long Thd hai, chd kdu vd cd tdn Thien Chfia bfla bai, vd 1^, khdng dugc nhe da dflng ten Chfia cdu chuySn thudng Bdt cfl danh xung ndo cW Thien Chfia, dIu phai kfnh trgng vd cung khdng dugc ndi tdi ten Chfia dl thi thdt Thd ba, tham du Thdnh 11 va kilng viec xde ngdy Chfia nhdt Thd tu, sdng hilu thao v6i cha me, dng ba, td tien Id nhimg ngudi sinh thanh, dudng due chfing ta, v.v Thd ndm, ngudi phai tdn trgng su sdng, khdng dugc gi€t ngudi, tdn trgng phdm gid, danh gia cua ngudi Thd sdu, khdng duge ngoai tinh Thd bdy, khdng trdm cdp; tdn trgng cfia cai eua ngudi khde, sdng sach Thd tdm, sdng cdng binh, sd'ng theo su thdt, khdng fch ky Su thdt ldm tdng gia tri cua ngudi vd nd rdt cdn cho ddi sdng chung cfia xa hdi Thd chin, khdng ham mud'n vg ngu^, phdi chie'n thdng dam md xde thit, tu tudng cung nhu udc mudn eua ban thdn Thdmudi, khdng tham lam mo udc tdi san cfia ngu^ khde hoac bang cdch chiehi doat bdt cdng (Tda Giam mue Xuan Ldc, 2005:49,56,59,62) Tdt ca nhung dilu ran can ban dd dugc coi Id ban dfic kit nhihig dilu chfnh ye'u cfia Thidn Chfia, Ngdi ludn mong mgi ngudi tuan gifl nd vd dd la bdn phdn co ban cua ngudi ddi vdi Thien Chua va vdii tha nhdn Hanh phfic cua ngudi theo Thien Chfia la hanh phfic din dcri vd thfi hanh phuc chi cd d noi Thidn Chfia Do dd, dl dat duge dilu dd, ngudi Cdng gido phai chu toan bdn phdn vdi Thien Chiia, vdi cha me, vfi tha nhdn vd ca chfnh ban thdn, cdn phai gifl vflng Idng tin, kfnh trgng, ydu mln Thien Chfia tren hit mgi su vd mgi ngudi, ding thdi yeu thuong mgi ngucri nhu chinh ban than minh vdy Chung ta cung cd thi thdy, eon ngudi khdng thi cd hanh phfic that su, ndu chi bilt de'n ban thdn minh md thdi, cudc sdng la ludn cdn cd nhau, cdn cd mdi tuong giao va lien hd vdi mgi ngudi Cung gidng nhu ngucri cdn cd khdng khf d l hit thd thi hanh phfic cung cdn CO khdng gian va mdi Uvdng mdi hinh thdnh dugc Cai tam cua nguM la khOng gian cua hanh phfic, tam cang Idn thi hanh phdc dat duge cang nhilu, cdn m6i trudng cua hanh phue chfnh Id thai dd tu: t^va thdn thidn cua ngudi vdi nhflng ngudi xung quanh Pham Thi Pha Le 45 Tim kiem hanh phuc a ddu? Theo Diic Giesu Kitd, di cd dugc hanh phiic thirc su, tin hiru cdng giao phai biet: "Sam hdi, tin vao tin mimg, sdng diing nhan pham" (NguySn Manh Dong, 2005:182) Sam hdi de doi ddi, mud'n vay Ihl cdn phai xac dinh dugc toi nang, nhe cua mdi ngudi Sam hdi muc di'ch la de ngudi tir bd tdi Idi, ird vl vdi Thien Chiia va phuc hdi pham gia, nhan each, dao dlic cua minh Sam hdi khdng chi la mdt nghi thuc de to an nan hdi tiec ve toi ma ngudi da pham, nhu iii kiem, tir phe, tu nhan khuyel diem, tu thii igi, v.v Sam hdi dich thuc phai xua't phat tir long ton kinh Thien Chiia, yeu me'n mgi ngudi, biet quy van vat va chmh ca ban than minh, de trd ve ddi sd'ng hiep thong vdi chi'nh minh va vdi tat ca Sam hdi la phai ddi ddi de sdng cugc sdng lot dep hon Ddi ddi trudc he't phai thay ddi tu duy, loai bd nhung nhan thiic lech lac, chij quan, sai lam, rdi thay ddi ca nep sd'ng va thai theo tu dung vdi su that khach quan dd thi mdi sdng, mdi thdng nha't, khdng gia hinh va mau thuan Bdn canh dd tin huu phai co niem tin, day la thai can ban va can thie't cugc sdng cho mdi ngudi, De cd niem tin, trudc he't phai xac dmh: ihdnfid'l, tin la cho rang cd that hay cho la su that Tln'fhai, tin la cho rang ra't co the la nhu vay Thd ha, tin la dat hoan loan vao nguoi khac Thdng qua nhiing ye'u td a'y ngudi cd the nhan bie't duac nidm tin va lua chgn thai ciia minh ddi vdi mgi ngudi Vay tin khong chi phu thuoc vao In' dc ma cdn phu ihugc vao ca hanh vi ciia ngudi, !a kinh nghiem tri tue, y chi, linh yeu va su tu cua ngudi mang lai Sdng diing nhan pham la mot dieu ran day quan trgng giao ly ciia Cong giao Vt'Ti ngUdi Kilo huu, day cung la nhung nhan dtic can ban cd tam quan trgng de sdng hiep thong vdi moi ngudi, vdi van vat va vdi chinh ban than va la nln lang giiip ngudi sdng diing pham gia la ngudi va la cua Thien Chiia Ngoai truyen thdng Hgi ndi de'n: "Dfic tin Due cay, Due me'n" (Tda Giam muc Xuan Lgc, 2005:52) Day la ba nhan due de' ngudi duoc lien hO td't vdi Thien Chiia, goi la nhan due ddi than Trong dd Diic men la cao nha't, Ba nhan diic lien ket chat che vai va lam cho cac nhan diic can ban cua ngudi tang them gia tri va cd y nghia ddi sdng cua ngudi Kilo huu Khi nghien ciiu ve giao ly ciia Cong giao, chiing la vSn thudng nghe de'n viec "xung idi" cua giao dan Theo hg '^xiOig lor vua la hanh \i mang y nghTa lam linh lai viia cd vai trd he't sfic quan trong viec dinh hinh nhan each sdng ciia cac ca nhSn va bao ve hanh phuc \'img ben ciia chfnh ho Trong nghien ciiu ve "Khia canh tdm ly Uong hdnh vi xifng toi cua nguai CoHgg/cio", Tran Thi Minh Diic va Le Minh Thien (2003:5) da cho 46 Nghien c*J Gia dinh va Gidi Quyen 27, so'2, tr 39-47 thay hanh vi xung toi cua ngudi Cdng giao cd y nghTa he't sflc quan trgng ddi sdng cua giao dan, bdi vi xung tdi khong nhflng la mdt hinh thuc chia se tam tinh nhdm triit bd nhung lo Idng cSng thang, sg hai; gifip ca nhan tim dugc su ddng cam, an ui va cam tha'y than hon, ma cdn giup ca nhan thu nhan igi Idi, xem xet lai ban than minh, til bd tdi Idi, tranh dugc thdi hu tat xdu, hudng thien, sd'ng tdt ddi dep dao, hda giai dugc vdi tha nhan va tim cho minh mdi hudng di, mot hanh ddng dung dan, mong mud'n hoan thifin ban than theo luong tam, cac chudn muc ma ban than hudng tdi, giup cho hg cd dugc niem vui ddi ddi Hanh vi xung toi cLia ngudi Cdng giao nhdm muc dt'ch hie'u dugc cac khia canh khac nhan thflc, niem tin, linh cam cua hg ddi vdi Chiia cung nhu vdi ton giao ma hg dang theo va cung qua dd gulp cho chi'nh ban than hg Viec gin giU hanh phuc cua ngu&i Cong gido Cd dugc hanh phiic va mud'n giu dugc hanh phuc vTnh cuu, tfn hiiu cong giao cdn phai giu vung dflc tin, cd nhflng hanh ddng cu thd de' thuc hiSn bdn phan, trach nhiem cua minh vdi tu each la vien cua gia dinh, cdng ddng va dan tdc Thien Chua da sang tao ngudi gidng hinh anh Thien Chiia va cd nam, cd nu d6 sdng hiep thdng vdi gia dinh Gia dinh la m6t cong ddng cCia an sung, cdng ddng cau nguyen, la trudng day cac nhSn dflc can ban va dd'i thdn de sdng hiep thong vdi moi ngudi, vdi Thien Chua Gia dinh dugc xay dung tren ca sd tinh yeu thuong giua vg chong va giua cha me vdi cai chau chat Cho nen, mdi ngudi irong gia dinh phai tuSn theo y dinh cua Thifin Chua de sdng diing bdn phan cua minh Bon phan cua vg chong va cha me la sdng hiep thdng vdi nhau, chi mot vg, mdt chdng cho de'n chcT; da the, da phu, ngoai tinh, ly di la pha hiiy su hiep ih6ng ihieng lieng dd Su hiep thong cua vg chdng dua de'n viec sinh san cai, nen vg chdng phai phuc vu va bao ve su sd'ng, du nd dang d irong giai doan phat men nao, liic mdi hinh bao thai, da chao ddi, luc benh tat, ydu dau hay bi tat nguyen Vdi cai la phai cd bdn phan hieu thao vdi cha me, ong ba, to lien va tri bao ve tinh anh em vdi nhau, yeu thuong giijp dd cudc sdng Thuc hien sdng hiep thdng gia dinh la dicu kien ca ban de sd'ng hiep thdng vdi mgi ngudi cong ddng, hgi nhap vao xa hgi, vao dSn tgc Chinh ddi sdng hiep thong cugc sdng ciia cac ca nhSn gia dinh Kitg huu theo kieu mdu Thien Chiia Ba Ngoi Cha - Con - Thanh Than dugc the hien vao nhflng cong viec hang ctia mdi Ihanh vien da trd mOt tfn hieu mot ye'u td quan trgng gdp phdn vao vice gin giu, bao vc cho su binh yen ca nhan, bien cai xa hgi, kien tao cong Pham Thi Pl»a ^^ *' bang, an binh xa hdi Lidm chuih cdng vide phuc vu cho mgi ngudi, bao dam cho mgi van vdt dugc nguyen ven, dugc phdt tiiln, chdng lai su bdt cdng, bdt binh dcA sdng gia dinh vd xa hdi, eac khde biet vl vdn hda sdc tdc, kinh t€, chfnh tri, qua dd giiip cho cdc thdnh viln xa hdi tranh khoi nhihig dilu thai qua, khoi nhflng cai ed thi gdy phucmg hal din ddi sdng, sflc khde, an ninh, phdm gid vd ca Igi fch cua ngucri vd nhu vdy ngudi se gifl dugc hanh phfic ddi ddi Keit luan Hanh phfic te gid tri vdn hda cao nhdt ma ngudi tim kilm Ddi vdi ngudi dan theo dao Thiln chfia, dl co duge hanh phuc va gifl gin hanh phfic Idu ddi, ngodi dflc tin, mdi ngudi cdn phai r^n luyen, tu dudng d l lam sach tdm hln, thuc hiln nhung bdn phan cfia minh ddi vdi gia dinh, cdng ddng vd xa hdi, sdng tdt ddi dep dao Hanh phuc chmh la dem lai hanh phfic cho ngudi khac, sdng phai yeu thucmg, hda hgp, cdi md vdi mgi ngudi vd v(S chfnh minh Tiln bac, quyln luc, gidu cd hay ngheo khd khdng phai la nhihig thfl lam cho eon ngudi hanh phfic hay bdt hanh, nhung Idng vi k^ chde chdn la nguyen nhdn cua su bdt hanh Con dudng di din hanh phfic la phai ehiln thang eac dilu kien ben ngodi xa hdi ma ngudi cho Id khdng tdt va ehiln thdng cdi vi ky bdn tflng cd nhdn Dd la nhflng ^ nghia tfch cue ma Thien Chfia gido ddng gdp vdo bdng gid tri chung cua xa hdi vide muu cdu hanh phfic • Tdi li£u trich ddn Daniel M Haybron 2013 Ddn ludn vehgnh phiic Ngudi dich: Song Ngu Nxb Hdng Dflc H6i d6ng Giam muc Viet Nam, Oy ban Giao ly dfic tin 2013 Bdn hdi thua Gido ly Hdi thdnh Cong gido Nxb T6n giao Huong Giang 1999 Tap chi tudi Ire vd hanh phuc, s6 18 Linh muc Nguyln Manh Ddng 2005 £)«t Giesu Kitd Dudng hanh phuc Nxb T6n giao Linh muc Pham Van Dlu 2000 Gido ly ddnh cho nguM trudng Giao hat Thii Thifem Tai Ben -Shahar 2009 Hanh phiic han Ngu&i dich: Dudng Ngoc Dung Nxb Tlnghc^TRHCM Toa Giam muc Xuftn L6c 2005 Gido ly du long Trdn Thi Minh Dfic, Le Minh ThiSn 2003 "Khia canh tam ly hanh vi xung tdi cua ngU&i Cong giao" Tap chi Nghien cAu Ton gido, sd  ... lai cd nhung net dac thii ridng Vay nhung ngudi theo dao Thien chtia quan niem ve hanh phiic nhu the nao? Hanh phuc va quan niem hanh phuc cua ngudi theo Thien Chua giao 2.1 Hanh phiic la gi? Trong... stfng chuih true Idnh) va "Sdng theo lucmg tdm thdng, nhd dn sung cua Ddc Kitd " (HDGMVN, 2013:127) Vdi ngudi dan theo Thien Qtfia, thuc hien dugc cdc mdi phfic rdt Id quan trgng, bcri vi, mdt mat... thay ddi tu duy, loai bd nhung nhan thiic lech lac, chij quan, sai lam, rdi thay ddi ca nep sd'ng va thai theo tu dung vdi su that khach quan dd thi mdi sdng, mdi thdng nha't, khdng gia hinh va