MOT VAI SUY NGHI VE NANG CAO KI NANG GHI NHAN - KHICH LE HOC SINH CUA GIAOVIEN PHOTHONG Ths DQtfng Thj My Hang Trudng DHSP Hd Ndi Tom tat Khich le, ddng viin, ghi nhgn thdnh qud ciia hge sinh ehinh Id mdt nhdng biin phdp giup gido vien tgo ddng ea, hdng thii hoe tap eho ngUdi hgc Khi dUac khich le, ghi n h i n ve t h i n h qui lao dgng cua minh, hgc sinh san sing l i m viec h i n g say ban, hieu qua han va tU tin v i o b i n t h i n Bai viet dudi d i y se de cap den kl nang ghi nhan - khich le hgc sinh boat ddng day hgc cua GV phd thdng, giup hg nang cao n h i n thQc ve ki nang n i y tQdd h o i n thien nang iQc nghe nghiep cCia minh Tdkhoa: Dgng ca, ghi nhgn, khich le, nhu edu, tdn trgng Abstract Encouraging, recognizing the achievements o f t h e students is among the solutions to help the teachers incite the motivation and interest for the students due to the fact that it can make students learn more effectively, enthusiastically and raise their self-confidence This article will mention about such kind of skill in teaching activities at high schools, and thereby raising the awareness forthe teachers to the significance of this skills in their professional competency Keywords: Motivation, Recognition, encouragement demand, respect Dat van de "Cdn phdi ddo tgo ngUdi mdi theo cdch mdi" - l i nguyen t i e giio due cua ngUdi thay loi lae Makarenko Khdng p h i i la nhdn chim ID tre vdi nhQng lam lac q u i khU m i p h i i biet khai day - thQe tinh - ddng vien - ung hd nhQng m i m mdng cua n h i n pham chan chinh, tdt dep Trong suot eugc ddi dgy dd tre em hu, cdng thdc cfe Makarenko sda tri cde em id "Tdn trgng vd yeu cdu cao" Bdn chdt tam ly ngUdi cung muon dugc tdn trgng, ehgm din Idng ti/trgng Id ehgm din danh dU eiia ngUdi (cho du dd Id dda tre khd dgy chUa ngoan) Khich ie, ddng vien, ghi nhgn thdnh qud cua hgc sinh (HS) chinh id mdt nhdng cdch tdn trgng ngUdi hgc Khi dugc khich le, ghi nhan ve t h i n h q u i lao ddng cua minh, HS se phat huy duac k h i nang cua b i n than, sin sing tham gia h i n h ddng Bii viet dQdi day se de cap den kT n i n g ghi n h i n - khich le HS hoat dgng day hgc cua giio vien (GV) phd thdng, giup hg nang cao n h i n thQc ve ki n i n g tQ dd h o i n thien nang luc nghe nghiep eua minh [26] K H O A H O C D A Y N G H E Ctf sdf hgc thuye't nhu cau cua Maslow va viec ghi nhan - khich le hgc sinh Abraham Maslow n h i khoa hge x i hgi ndi tieng da x i y dQng hge thuye't ve nhu e i u cua ngudi vao nhQng n i m 1950 Li thuye't eua dng n h i m g i i i thieh nhQng nhu eau nhi't dinh cua eon ngudi can dUgc d i p Qng nhu the n i o de mdt c i nhan hudng den cudc sdng l i n h manh v i cd ich c i ve the chi't lan tinh than Theo dng, nhu eau eua ngudi cd nam loai, s i p xep t h i n h thang bac t u thap den cao: nhu c i u ca b i n , nhu c i u ve an t o i n , nhu eau ve x i hdi, nhu c i u ve dugc tdn trgng va nhu eau dUgc the hien minh Ghi n h i n - khich le cd lien quan den nhu c i u thQ tQ - nhu cau ve dugc tdn trgng Ndi dung etJa nhu c i u niy gdm hai loai: Ldng tU trgng v i dugc ngUdi khic tdn trgng Ldng tU trgng bao gdm nguyen vgng mudn gianh dUOc Idng tin, cd nang lUc, cd b i n ITnh, cd t h i n h tich, ddc l i p , t u t i n , t u d o , t u trudng t h i n h , tu bieu hien v i tU h o i n thien Loai thQ hai l i nhu cau duetc ngQdi khic tdn trgng.Tdn trgng l i dugc ngudi khae coi trgng, ngudng mg Od l i k h i n i n g gianh dugc uy tin, dugc thQa n h i n , dugc ghi n h i n , khich le, cd dia vi,cd danh dQ, Trong cdng So 34thang 7/201( viec hoae cuge sdng, mdt ngQdi dQgc khich le, ghi nhan ve t h i n h q u i lao ddng eiJa minh, hg sin sing lim viec hang say hgn, hieu q u i hgn Vdi ngudi hge, su d i p Qng v i dat dugc nhu cau n i y ed the khien cho HS se hgc t i p tich cUc hon, cd gang han KT nang ghi nhan - khi'ch le hgc sinh 3.7 Theo TQ dien tieng Viet, kT n i n g duge hieu la "khd ndng vgn dung nhung kiin thdc thu nhgn dugc mdt iinh vi/c ndo vdo thi/c te" Ghi nhan l i thQa nhan, cdng nhin, ghi lai de l i m bang Khich le l i sQ tie ddng den tinh than l i m cho hang hii, manh me them len NhUviy, cd the hie'u, kTning ghi n h i n - khich le HS CLia GV la nang thQa nhin, t i c ddng den tinh t h i n lim cho HS hing hai, tieh eUc hgc t i p Dgng vien, khich le, ghi nhan l i mdt ddng lUc tic ddng rat Idn den tam li ngUdi hgc NgUdi hgc dugc khang dinh minh, dugc tdn trgng se y thQc hon ve hanh vi hgc t i p ctJa minh GV cd vai trd rat Idn viec tao sQ hQng thu cho HS Phong cich l i m viec, hanh vi, ngdn ngQ, thai cila GV ddi vdi HS se t i c ddng den mdi trQdng hgc tap cua ngUdi hgc Do dd GV phii ren luyen de ed mgt phong cich, h i n h vi, ngdn ngQ vacac bien p h i p k i t h u i t rieng de ghi nhan - khich le HS 3.2 Nam hge 2014 - 2015, Bd Giio due v i O i o tao chi dao cic trudng tieu hgc thUc hien Thdng tu 30 (TT30), se khdng dung diem sd de d i n h g i i thudng xuyen ma thay vao dd la nhQng Idi nhan xet theo hudng tich cUc de ddng vien, khich le HS Theo dd, nguyen t i e d i n h gia phii vi sU tie'n bd cua HS; eoi trgng viec dgng vien, khuye'n khich tinh tich cue va vugt khd hgc tap, ren luyen eiJa HS GV phii theo sit nang luc tQng em de cd nhan xet cu the, giup HS tie'n bd Viec nhan xet sutien bd, hudng dan de HS cdng se cd tic dung gdp phin bdi dudng ddng co hgc t i p dung d i n va ddng vien eac em phan d i u vUOn len hgc tap Chinh su t h i n h cdng hgc tap se mang lai niem vui, hQng thu hgc tap cho HS, giiJp HS thich hgc va hgc tdt hon Day la hudng di dung dan, nhien thUc te, viee GV n h i n xet chua dugc theo sit vdi tinh t h i n chi dao eiJa Tr30 Nhieu Idi nhin xet cdn chung chung va ddi l