'710 hank phdp ludi 86 (318)-2018 THUC TRANG XA HOI HOA HOAT DONG TR0 GIUP PHAP LY d VIET NAM HIEN NAY • • • • N G U Y S N VIET KHOA * Tom tdt: Cimg vdi chu truang xd hgi hoa mot so linh vuc qudn ly cua Nhd nudc, dinh huang xd h^i hoa hogt dgng trg giup phdp ly ngdy cdng dugc chd trgng vd day mgnh Hogt dgng trg giup phdp ly, ve bdn chdt Id mot logi hinh dich vy xd hgi Bdi viet sau ddy khdi qudt vd ddnh gid ve thuc trgng xd hgi hoa hogt dgng trg giup phdp ly a Viet Nam hiin Abstract: Along with the policy of socializing some areas of state management, orientation of socialization of legal aid has been more and more paid attention to and strengthened Legal aid is naturally a social service form This article makes a general assessment on the current real situation of socializing legal aid in Vietnam T rp giup phap ly Id viec cung cap dich vu nam 2020 vd Nghi quyet sd 49-NQ/TW phap ly mien phi cho ngudi duac trp 02/6/2005 cua Bd Chinh tri ve Chien luge cai each giiip va dugc coi la sy the bien trach tu phdp den nam 2020 dflu khang dinh phai day nhiem cua Nha nude ddi vdi edng dan hp thugc manh boat ddng trg giup phdp ly cho ngudi ngheo va cac hudng hgp dac biet can phai dugc Nha nudc vd cac ddi tupng chinh sach theo hudng xa hpi hda Chii xa hpi quan tam giup dd Nha nudc ddng vai trd truong xa hdi hda trp giup phap ly da dugc the che quan ly, dieu phoi ngudn nhan lyc va tai chinh bao hda Luat Trg giup phap ly nan 2006 ddm hogt dpng tra giup phap ly cd bieu qua, ddng Muc tieu long qudt cua Chifln lupc pbat trien trp thdi hoan thien chinh sach trg giup phdp ly giup phap ly d Viet Nam den nam 2020, djnh cac chucmg trinh giam ngheo, phat tridn kinh te - xa hudng den nam 2030 ban hdnh theo Quyflt djnh so hgi, bao dam quyen ngudi, quyen cdng dan, 678/QD-TTg 10/5/2011 ciia Thii tudng Chinh khdng dfl ngudi ddn ddi ngheo vfl phap luat phu ciing khang dinh nhat quan dudng ldi "phdt Trg giiip phap ly vdi tinh chit la mdt dich vu trien trg giup phdp ly dn dinh, ben viing, cung iing cdng ttong luih vyc tu phap, tir ddu nhiing nam dich vu trg giiip phdp ly kjp thdi, ddy du, cd chat 2000 da dupe xac dinh la mdt nhiing hoat ddng lupng cho ngudi dan thudc dipn dupe trg giup phap cdn dugc phat trien theo hudng xa hpi hda Nghi ly trfln ca sd phat huy vai trd ndng cdt to chiic quyflt sd 48-NQ/TW ngdy 24/5/2005 cua Bd Chinh thyc hien ciia Nhd nudc, huy dpng triet dfl sy tham tri vfl Chifln lupc xay dyng va hoan thien bd thdng gia cua cac ngudn lyc xa hdi, sy hd trp cua cOng phap luat Viet Nam den nam 2010, dinh budng dfln ddng qudc tfl, cac co quan, td cbiie, doanh nghiep I Ddn ch6 & Phdp lu^t " Trung tdm Trg'giup phdp ly Nhd nu&c tinh Bac Ninh 86 (318)-2018 ^hijtdnh phdp ludt vd ca nhan, gdp phdn bao ve tdt nhat quyen va lpi tung cdn ban cbe Kinh phi cap cbo boat ddng trg ich hpp phap cua cdng dan ed vudng mac phap giiip phdp ly ehu yeu tir ngan sach dia phuang, luat, bao ve cdng ly, cdng bdng xa hdi, tang hieu khdng dong deu giiia cac dia phuang vd tchdng dn qua thue thi cdng vy vd y diitc tuan thu, chap banh dinh cac nam; cac dy an bap tac quoc te, nhat phap luat, dua phap ludt vao cupe sdng" Tuy nhien, la ngudn ODA hd trp eho boat ddng trp giup phap thyc tien thi hanh Luat Trg giiip phap ly nam 2006 ly tir nam 2010 hdu nhu da khflng edn Quy Trp va Chien luge phat trien trg giiip phap ly d Viet giup phap ly Viet Nam dupe lap nhieu Nam cbo thay, cdng tac xa hgi hda hoat ddng trg nam qua nhung ngudn thu hau nhu khdng cd giiip phap ly van cdn cham, viec huy dgng cac Nhd nudc chua cd chinh sach buy ddng tai trp tu ngudn lyc ngudi va ngudn lye tai chinh chua cac td cbiic, doanh nghiep, ea nban va ngodi hieu qua Trong hp thdng td chiie trp giup phap nudc mdt each phu hpp ly eiia Nha nudc cdn nhieu hgn che, sd lupng va Chinh vi vay, Quyet dinh sd 749/QD-TTg chat lupng dieh vu trg giiip phap ly cdn Ichoang 01/6/2015 eua Thu tudng Chinh phu phe duyet De each xa so vdi yeu cdu thyc tifln an ddi mdi cdng tac trp gnip phap ly giai doan 2015 Bao cao tdng ket thyc tien thi hdnh Luat Trp - 2025 da xac dinh: "Ddi mdi cdng tac trg giiip giup phap ly nam 2006 ciing nhu Dfl an ddi mdi phap ly theo hudng day mgnh xa hpi hda vdi Id cdng tae trg giup phap ly giai doan 2015 - 2025 eho trinh phu hop vdi dac tbii timg viing, mien, khu thay, mdi clii cd mpt phan Idia nhd eac ngudn lyc vyc" vdi nhieu gidi phdp manh me, cd tinh chifln xa hdi duac huy ddng cho cdng tac trp giiip phap luge nham thu hut hieu qua cac td chiic hanh nghe ly^ Cac td chirc dang ky tham gia thuc hien trp luat su, tu van phap luat ed uy tin cdc linh giup phdp ly theo cbii truong xa hpi hda cdn it, vyc, cac ca nhan luat su, luat gia cd kinh nghiem chua cd chinh sach phii hpp de thu hut dugc eac td tham gia cung cap dieh vy trp giiip phap ly, bao chicc hdnh nghe luat su, tu van phap luat cd uy tin dam cho cac ddi tuong thudc dien dupe trp giiip va kinh nghiem tham gia thyc bien trg giiip phap ly, phap ly dupe cung cap dich vu trp giup phap ly kip chua gin kflt dupe quyen lpi va trach nhiem cua td didi, chat lupng tucmg duang vdi dich vu ma luat chiic dang ky tham gia trg giiip phdp ly vdi quyfln su cung cap tten tbi trudng lpi vd ttacb nhiem eua cac ca nhan thugc nhiing td Vfl cac td churc tham gia try giiip phap ly chiic dd thuc bien trg giiip phap ly theo phan Theo Luat Trp giiip phap ly nam 2017, cac td cdng cua td chiic Sau 09 nam thi hanh Luat Trg chuc thuc hien hp giiip phap ly bao gdm Tnmg tam giup phap ly nam 2006, sd lugng luat su - cdng tac yp giiip phap ly nha nudc va td chiic tham gia tro vien tham gia thyc hien trp giiip phap ly mdi chi giup phap ly, ttong dd, cac td chirc tham gia trp chiflm khoang 1/10 tdng sd luat su ed nudc giiip phap ly ehinh la lue lugng dupe huy dgng tir (tmh dfln thang 6/2015 la 1.239 ngudi, phan bd xa hdi dfl thyc hien ttg giiip phap ly theo 02 phuang khdng ddng deu giiia cac dia phuong) Nhieu luat thiic: Td chiic ky hgp ddng thuc hien trg giup phap su - cdng tac vien trp giup phap ly mdi hdnh nghe, ly va td ehiic dang ky tbam gia ttg giup phap ly- chua cd nhiflu kinh nghiem, nang lye tham gia td Luat Trp giup phap Iy nam 2017 cdn quy dinh hmh Ddn chCi & Phdp ludt B l | 86 (318)-2018 ^ki hdith phiip ludt thiic ky hgp ddng thyc hien ttg giiip phdp ly giiia nudc; luat su thyc bifln trp giiip phap ly theo phan cae td chiic tham gia ttp giup phap ly vdi Sd Tu cdng ciia td chiic tham gia ttp giiip phap ly; hr vdn phdp - ca quan quan ly nhd nudc ve trp giup phap vien phdp luat ed 02 nam kinh nghipm tu vin phap ly tai dia phuang Quy dinh vfl ky hgp dong thyc ludt ttd ifln 1dm vipc tai td chiic tbam gia ttp giup hipn ttp giiip phap ly dupe ky vpng se gdp phan phap ly; cgng tac vien ttp giup phdp ly khdc phyc mot sd bdt cap ttong thyc tifln thu hut Vdi ludt su, dugc thyc hien ttg giup phap ly theo ngudn lyc xa hdi Bang co ehe ky bop ddng thyc 02 phuang thiic: (i) Tryc tiflp ky hop ddng thuc hien ttg giiip phap ly, se ban chfl toi da hifln ttrpng hien tta giiip phap ly vdi Trung tam ttp giiip phap cac td chiic chi dang ky tham gia nhung khdng thyc ly vd (ii) Thye hien ttp giup phap ly theo phan cdng hifln ttp giiip phap ly; ddng thdi dam bdo bai hda lai cua td chiic tham gia ttp giiip phap ly (bode td chiic ich eua cae ca nhan thdnh vien - lugt su, tu van vien dang ky tham gia ttp giiip phdp ly, hoac td chitc ky phap ly vfl viee lam (thye hien vu, vipc ttp giiip hgp ddng thyc hien ttp giup phdp ly vdi Sd Tu phap ly) vd vfl thu nhap tir hudng thu lao theo vy, phap) viec eu thfl vdi lpi ich cua td chiic (thu nhdp ttr viec Vdi tu van vien phap luat, bp phdi ed 02 nam thyc hifln diing hpp ddng, thyc bien dugc ttach kinh nghiflm tu van phap luat ttd len lam vipc tai td nhiem xa hdi, nang cao uy tm nghfl nghiep eua td chirc tbam gia ttp giup phdp ly Vipc quy dinh dieu chiic) Ngoai ra, viflc ky hpp ddng thyc hifln ttp kipn Id can thiet nham dam bao nang cao chdt giup phap ly, ca quan quan ly nhd nude ed the huy luang tu van phap lugt ttong cdc vu, viec ttg giup ddng dupe cac td chiic hanh nghfl lugt su hay Trung phdp ly tdm tu van phdp ludt Idn cd nang lyc va dieu kien Vdi cdng tac vien ttp giiip phdp ly, chi nhung dfl thyc hipn eac vu viflc ttp giiip phap ly Idid, phire ngudi da nghi huu cd nang lyc hdnh vi dan sy day tap De tgo dieu kipn cbo cac td ehiic tham gia ttg dli, cd pham chat dgo due tdt, cd siie khde, c6 giup phap iy, dac biet Id cac Trung tam tu van phap nguyen vpng thyc hipn tta giiip phdp ly va trudc ludt chua dap iing dii dieu kifln theo Luat Trg giiip ve huu da Id ttg giup vien phap ly; thdm phan, phap ly nam 2017 cd the tiep tuc cung cap dich vu tham tta vien Idem tta vifln, diflu tra vien, chdp ttg giup phdp ly, khodn Diflu 48 quy dinh chuyen hdnh vien, tbam tta vien thi hdnh an dan sy; chuyen tiep cua Lugt cho phep eac to chuc ttong thdi vien lam edng tac phap luat tai cac ca quan nha ban 01 nam ke tir ngdy Ludt cd hieu lyc tbi hdnh, nude, d nhiing vung cd diflu kifln kmh te - xa hpi phai dap iing cac dieu kien theo quy dinh tren co sd dac biet khd khan, can eu nhu cdu ttg giiip phap ly kien toan td chiic, nhan sy cua ngudi ddn vd diflu kien thyc te tai dia phuang, Ve cac ca nhan tham gia trtf giup phap ly Gidm ddc Sd Tu phap theo dfl nghi eiia Giam ddc Theo quy djnh cua Luat Trp giup phap ly nam Trung tam ttg giup phap ly nha nudc cap the cpng 2017, ngodi ttp giiip vien phdp ly ciia Nha nudc, tae vien ttp giiip phap ly Cgng tac vifln ttp giiip ngudi thye bien ttg giiip phap ly dupe huy dpng hr phap ly ky hgp ddng vdi Trung tam tta giup phap xa hdi gdm cd: Luat su thye hipn ttp giup phap ly ly vd chi thyc hien ttp giiip phdp Iy bdng hinh thirc theo hpp ddng vdi Trung tam trp giup phap ly nhd ttr vin phap lugt tai dia phuang Cpng tac vifln ttg I Ddn chO & Phdp lu$t 86 (318)-2018 ^fu^kdnh phiip ludt gdp ciia td ehiic, cd nhdn eho cdng tac ttp giiip phap giup phap ly se bi thu hdi the edng tac vifln neu khdng thyc bipn ttg giiip phap ly ttong thdi gian 02 nam lien tue, trir hudng hop nguyen nhdn khdch quan khen thudng ttong ITnh vyc ttp giup phdp ly, ttong ly", ddng thai, la ca quan qudn ly nhd nudc vfl ttp giup phap ly, giup Chinh phu thye bien edng tac Dfl hd ttp ngudi dugc ttg giiip phap ly cd day du dd cd viee vinh danh eac ca quan, td chiic, ea nhan thong tin vd de dang tidp can, lya chpn ngudi thyc tham gia, ddng gdp cho cdng tdc ttg giup phdp ly hien tta giup phdp ly, nhdt la nhung ngudi dugc Bp Tu phap cung tryc tiep thyc hifln cdng tac hgp huy dgng tir xa hpi, Luat Trg giup phap ly nam tae qude te ve ttp giiip phdp ly, thdng qua dd tim 2017 quy djnh ttdch nhipm cua Sd Tu phap edng bd kiem cac ehuang trinh, dy an hd ttp ky thuat vd tai danh sdch ngudi thyc hien ttg giup phap ly tai dia ehinh cho hogt ddng ttp giiip phap ly, ke ca viee phuang, dang tdi tten Trang Thdng tin dien tii cua Idng ghep hd ttp tdi chinh eho ttg giiip phap ly Sd Tu phdp va giri Bd Tu phap de tdng hpp dang ttong cac chuong trinh, dy an xoa ddi giam ngheo tai tten Cdng Thdng tin difln tii ciia Bp Tu phap ben vung tai Viet Nam Day la giai phap gdp phan dam bao tinh edng khai, Cd the ndi, ttp giup phap ly la mpt chinh sdch minh bach, cdng bang vd cgnh ttanh binh dang giua Idn, cd tinh nhan van sau sac ciia Dang va Nha nhiing ngudi thyc hien ttg giup phap ly nudc ta, gdp phan bao ve quyen vd lgi ich hpp phdp Ve huy d^ng nguon tai chinh tv xa hpi cho cong tac trp* giup phap ly eiia ngudi dupe ttp giup phdp ly (dac biet la nbiing ngudi ngheo, ngudi yeu the ttong xa hpi), gdp phan Luat Trp giup phdp ly nam 2017 xae dmh ngudn vdo vipc nang cao nhan thiic vfl phdp ludt cho ngudi tai chinh cho cdng tac ttg giup phap ly bao gdm: dan, tir dd cd nhung hanh vi iing xu diing phdp ludt Ngudn ngan sach nha nudc; ddng gdp, tai ttp cua td Ddi ttrpng dugc budng ttg giiip phap ly mien phi chiie, ca nhan ttong nudc, ngoai nudc va cac ngudn thudng la ngudi ngheo, ngudi ed cdng vdi each hpp phap khac Bfln canh dd, cung khuyen khich cdc mang va nhung ngudi yeu thfl ttong xa hdi nhu: td chiic, ludt su, ea nhdn khae tu nguyen thye hipn Ngudi gid cd dan, ngudi tan tat, tte em, ngudi dan ttp giup phap ly theo nguyfln tae "kinh phi eho hogt tpc thiflu sd Vdi nhieu hinb thiic ttg giup phap ly ddng ttg giup phap ly ciia td chiic ty nguyen thyc nhu: Tu van phap luat, tham gia td tung, dai dien hien td chiic dd b; bao ddm" Nhd nudc ghi ngodi td tung vd cac hinh thiic ttp giup khae, ngdy nlian va tdn vinh cac ca quan, td chiic, ea nhan tham cang cd nhiflu ngudi ngheo, ngudi cd cdng vdi each gia, ddng gdp cho boat dpng ttg giup phap ly dudi mang, ngudi gia cd dan, ngudi tdn tdt vd tte em, mpi bmh thiic, thdng qua dd, khang dinh sy ung hd ngudi ddn tdc thieu sd d viing ed dieu kifln kinh te va thira nhdn ciia Nha nudc vd xa hgi vfl trach nhipm - xa hdi dgc biet khd khan dupe thy hudng quyfln xa bgi vd nhung ddng gdp cua ca quan, td ehiic, cd tiflp can cac dich vu phap ly nhan cho sy phdt trien xa bgi, do, uy tin nghe nghiep ciia td chirc, ca nhan dupe nang eao Xa hdi hda boat ddng ttg giiip phap ly la mot chil truang Idn cua Dang da dugc neu ttong Nghi Luat Trp giiip phap ly nam 2017 ciing giao cho quyflt sd 49-NQ/TW 24/5/2005 ciia Bg Chinh Bd Tu phap ttach nhiflm "tiep nhan hd ttp, ddng tri ve Chifln lupc cai each tu phap den nam Ddn chCi & Phdp ludt m