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TRltT HOC, S6 (316), T H A N G - 2017 ANH HUCJNG CUA CACH MANG CONG NGHlfiP LAN THll TU DfiN CQNG CUOC X A Y DUNG CHU NGHIA XA HDI VIET NAM Vfl Thi Kiiu Phirong * ' Tien si, Vi?n Triet hgc, Vi^n Hin ISm Khoa hgc xi hgi Vi?t Nam Email: vtkphuong@outlook.com Nh§n ngiy thing nim 2017 Ch^p nhgn ding ngiy thing nim 2017 Tom tat: Cach m^ng cdng nghifp ldn thft tu la xu thi phdt trien ciia thdi dgi vd cijng la ca hpi quy gia co thi giup Vift Nam sdm dgt muc tiSu "trd mft nude cdng nghifp hifn dgi" theo dinh hudng xd hOi chii nghia Dong thdi, cuOc each mgng eung dem lai nhihig thach thftc CO the khien cho cdng cuOc xay dyng chu nghla xa hOi d Vift Nam dien lau dai han De lam ro nhiing anh hudng do, bai viet phdn tich hai nOi dung; 7?ia nhdt, each mgng cdng nghifp lan thft tu tgo thdi ca cho cdng cupe xay dyng chu nghTa xa hpi d Vift Nam; thu hai, each mgng cdng nghifp ldn thft tu dgt thach thftc cho eong cuOc xdy dyng ehii nghTa xa hOi d Vift Nam Theo ban ch^t va d|c diim cua euOe each mang edng nghifp l4n thft tu, sy phdn tich vi thdi ca vd thach thftc tdp trung vao cac vdn di: Trinh dp phat trien cua lye lugng san xult va eua edch thiic san xudt, sy phat ttien cua xa hOi va quan ly sy phat ttien ciia xd hOi Tu kboa: Caeh mgng cdng nghipp lan thft tu, chii nghia xa hOi, Iftc lugng san xuat, each thuc san xuat /T^ uOc each mgng cdng nghidp lan thft tu dugc khdi xudng tft nude Due vao dau vL/ thdp nidn thft hai cua thd ky XXI CuOc each mang cdng nghifp lan thft tu Id "xu hudng phat triin dua trdn nen tang tich hgp cao dp cfta hf thdng kdt ndi so hoa - vdt I;^ sinh hpc vdi sy dOt phd cfta Intemet vgn vdt va Tri tuf nhan tgo" [5, tt.I] Ban chdt cfta cuOc each mang la "dya trdn ndn tang cdng nghf sd va tich hgp tat cd cae cdng nghf thdng minh" [6, tt.6] nhdm tdi uu hda quy trinh va cdeh thftc san xudt, dan ddn thay ddi can bdn nin san xult cua the gidi Ndu dgc diim cfta cuOc cdeh mgng cdng nghipp ldn thft nhdt Id dya ttdn ndng lugng hai nude, cuOc edch mgng cdng nghifp lan thft hai la dya trdn ndng lugng difn, cuOc each mgng edng nghidp lan thft ba Id dya tten cdng nghf difn tft va cdng nghf thdng tin, thi ddc didm cfta cupe each mang cdng nghifp ldn thft tu Id "tgn dyng mOt cdeh tript dd sftc mgnh lan tda cfta so hda vd cdng nghp thdng tin" [5, tt.I] CuOc cdeh mgng cdng nghidp ldn thft tu dang diln vdi t6c khdc d moi qu6c gia, nhung dnh hudng ciia nd ngdy cdng gia tdng tdi mpi mdt ciia ddi sdng xa hdi, nhdt Id "ddn vifc thay d6i phuong thftc vd lyc lugng sdn xudt cuaxdhOi" [5, tt.I] Vdi ban chdt vd dde didm dd, cuOc cdeh mgng cdng nghifp ldn thft tu dugc nhan dinh Id se cd nhttng dnh hudng rdt dang k i 35 ANH HUCJNG CUA CACH MANG CONG NGHIEP LAN T ddn cdng cude xay dung chft nghia xd hdi d Vift Nam Vi the, sau cac Dien dan kinh td thd gidi vd cugc cdeh mgng edng nghidp Idn thft ttong nam 2016, Chinh phft Viet Nam dd Nghi quyit so 103/NQCP Vi phiin hgp Chinh phu thudng ky thdng 11 ndm 2016) vd Thft tudng Chinh phu da ban hdnh Chi tiu so 16/CT-TTg Vi viec tdng eudng ndng lire tiip cgn cuge edeh mgng eong nghiep ldn tha lu Gdp phdn lam ro dnh hudng ciia edch mang cdng nghiep ldn thu tu ddn cdng cuOe xdy dyng chu nghia xa hOi d Viet Nam, bai viet phan tieh hai npi dung: Mdl la, edch mang edng nghidp lan thft tu tao thdi ca cho cdng cuOc xay dyng chft nghia xa hOi d Vift Nam; hai la, each mgng cdng nghidp ldn thft tu dat tiiach thftc cho cdng cuOc xdy dung chft nghia xa hOi d Vift Nam Dya ttdn bdn chat vd ddc diim ciia cude each mang ndy, sy phdn tieh v i thdi ca vd thdch thftc se tap trung vdo cdc vdn dd: Trinh dp phdt tridn cfta lyc lugng sdn xudt va cfta each thftc sdn xuat, su phat trien cfta xd hOi vd quan ly su phdt tridn cua xd hOi vi Id ea hOi quy gia de Vift Nam cd thd nhanh chdng phdt trien trinh dO cua lyc lupng sdn xuat, xdy dung vd hoan thidn phuong thftc sdn xudt xS hOi chft nghia Bdi, sy cdeh mang ve tu lifu lao dOng sd dan din sy edch mgng vd trinh dp cfta lyc lugng sdn xuat va cdeh thftc sdn xudt Nhu C.Mac da chi ra, trinh dp phdt tridn "cfta lyc lugng san xudt cfta mdt ddn tdc bidu 10 ro nhdt d trinh dO phdt tridn cua sy phdn cdng lao dOng" [3, tt.30], ma moi giai doan cua phan cdng lao dOng lgi "quy djnh nhung quan hf gitta cd nhan vdi nhau, tfty theo quan hf eua hg vdi tu lifu lao dOng, cdng cy lao dOng va sdn phdm lao dOng" [3, tt.31] Vd rdng, chinh vide "cdi cdeh cae tu lifu san xudt" [4, tt.673] (Id cai bidu hifn cua tu lieu lao dOng va ddi tugng lao dOng [4, tt.27I]) se d§n din lam thay doi each thftc sdn xuat Lich sft nhdn logi da cho thay, qua moi cupe each mgng cdng nghidp, tu lifu sdn xuat, tihdt Id tu lifu lao dOng, lgi dugc cdi tiin vd nhd do, sftc lao dOng ciia ngudi duge giai phdng thdm, hifu sudt lao dOng Cach mang cdng nghifp lan thft tu* dugc nang cao, sdn phdm dugc lam nhidu tao thdi ctf cho cdng cugc xdy dung chu hon va phye vy tdt han ddi sdng cua ngudi Chdng han, vdi cuOc edch mang nghia xa hpi d Vift Nam Tha nhdt, edch mgng cdng nghiap ldn tha cdng nghidp liin thft nhdt, lao dOng thft cdng tu tgo ihdi ca cho su phdt trien life lugng dd "dugc thay thd bdng ddng lyc hod nude vd bdng cdng vifc cfta may mdc", nhd sdn xual vd cdeh thue sdn xudt d Viet Nam "mOt dua tte ldn tdm ciing san xudt dugc Didn ttdn ca sd thdnh tyu cfta tat ca nhiiu hon hai muoi dan dng ldn tudi trude cac cupe each mang cdng nghifp trude do, Sau ttam ngdn cdng nhan cdng xudng, vdi nhttng tu lieu lao dOng mdi, ddi tugng sd ndy cd mdt nfta la tre em vd hon lao dOng mdi vd cdng nghf mdi, cuOc each mOt nfta la ntt, lam cdng vifc ciia mOt tram mgng cdng nghipp lan thft tu hfta hen mang ndm muoi trifu ngudi" [2, tt.844] Cho ndn, lai eho nhan Ioai co hOi phat tridn vugt bdc diing nhu CMde khdng djnh, nhihig thdi vd lyc lupng sdn xudt va each thftc sdn xudt dgi kinh t i khdc "khdng phai d cho Dieu ndy dgc bift cd y nghTa ddi vdi sy chiing sdn xudt cdi gi, ma Id d cho chftng nghifp xdy dyng chft nghTa xa hdi theo san xudt bdng edch ndo, vdi nhiing tu lifu quan diim phdt triin rut ngdn d Vift Nam, 36 v u THI KIEU PHUONG lao dOng nao" [4, tt.269] Trong sd cac tu lieu lao dOng, "nhftng tu lifu lao dOng co - ma todn bp cd thd ggi la hf thong xuong cdt va bdp thit cfta sdn xudt - lgi cau nhftng ddu hieu d^c trung tidu bidu cho mOt thdi dgi san xuat xa hdi nhat dinh" [4, tt.270] Trong cuOe each mgng cdng nghifp Idn thft tu, cdc tu lieu sdn xuat dupe cdi each vd nang len mOt ttinh dp phdt triin cao Dieu thd hidn d chd, tten ea sd "cac nhd mdy dd sft dung mdt sd lugng ldn cdc thiit bi thdng mmh" nhung cdn chft yeu dya vdo cac hf thdng mgng cue bO "trong eac ddy chuydn san xuat ty dOng cftng vdi cae hf thdng phdn mem quan ly dd tdi uu quy trinh san xuat" [6, tt.8] da cd tft cugc cdeh mgng edng nghidp Ian thft ba, nhung tidn bd vugt ttOi ciia cdng nghd thdng tin - truydn thdng vd khoa hpc may tinh, nhu Intemet kit ndi vgn vdt (loT), Intemet ciia cdc dich vy (loS), didn todn dam may, cdng nghd thuc te - do, cuOc edch mang cdng nghiep ldn thft tu mang lai dugc dp dyng rOng rdi se tgo nen tdng cho sy ddi cdc nhd mdy thdng minh, cac nha may sd Trong cac nhd may ndy, "cdc thidt hi mdy moc thdng minh giao tiep vdi bang he thdng mgng vd lien tyc chia se thdng tin vd lugng hdng hifn tgi, ve sy cd hode loi, vd nhimg thay ddi ttong don ddt hdng hode mfte dp nhu cau Qua trinh sdn xudt vd thdi hgn sdn xudt duge phdi hgp vdi muc tidu tdng hifu sudt va tdi uu hda thdi gian sdn xuat, cdng suat vd chdt lugng sdn phdm cdc khdu phat tridn, san xudt, tidp thi vd thu mua Cdc cdm biin, chdp hanh va didu khidn cho phep cac mdy moc lidn kdt ddn nhd mdy, cac hf thdng mgng khdc va giao tidp vdi ngudi" [6, tt.9] Hon thi, cdc nha may cdn cd sy ghdp ndi vdi hg tang cdc mgng thdng minh khdc, nhu hp thdng dien thoai thdng minh, nhd thdng minh, di chuyin thdng minh, mang xd hdi, Khdng chi noi bdt vd khde bift vd tu lifu lao dOng thdng minh, cude edch mgng edng nghifp ldn thft tu cdn duge dde tnmg bdi nhttng ddi tuong lao dgng mdi Vdi cuOc edch mgng edng nghifp ldn thft tu, nhidu vat lieu mdi "nhe hon, bin han, cd thd tdi chd vd dd thieh ftng", tham chi Id "cdc vdt lifu thdng minh ty phyc hdi hoac ty lam sgch, cdc kim logi cd khd ndng khdi phyc lgi hinh dang ban ddu, gdm sft va pha Id bidn ap luc ndng lugng" va nhidu vat lifu khac nfta dd, dang vd se duge dua thj trudng Cling vdi cdc tu lifu lao ddng thdng minh, nhung ddi tupng lao dOng mdi ndy ciing gop phan quan ttpng vdo vide ldm ndn trinh phat tridn mdi ciia lyc lugng sdn xuat vd edeh thuc san xudt ttong lich sft nhdn logi Vdi su each mgng vd tu lieu lao dOng, ddi tugng lao dOng va cdng nghe nhu v|y, cuOc cdeh mgng cdng nghidp Ian thft tu sd tgo thdi ea quy gid dd Viet Nam cd thd nit ngan thdi gian cai thifn vd phdt tridn trinh dO cfta tyc Iupng sdn xudt vd thay ddi each thftc sdn xudt Nhdn dinh vd thdi ca ndy, Chi thi vi viie tang eudng ndng lire tiip can Cugc edch mgng eong nghiip ldn thu tu chi rd: "Viet Nam Id qudc gia dang qua tiinh cdng nghidp hda, hifn dai hda va hpi nhgp qudc td, cuOc cdeh mang cdng nghifp Ian thft tu md nhidu ca hpi ttong vifc ndng cao trinh dO cdng nghf, ndng cao nang luc sdn xudt vd canh tranh tiong ehuoi sdn pham; tao sy thay ddi ldn vi hinh thdi kinh doanh dich vu; tgo nhiiu co hpi cho cac doanh nghifp khdi nghipp sang tao; gidm dang kd chi phi giao dich, van chuydn; tao CO hOi ddu tu hdp dan vd ddy tiim ndng 37 ANH HUCJNG CUA CACH MANG CONG NGHIEP L A N T] ITnh vyc cdng nghf sd vd Intemet, ddng thdi ciing Id ea hOi ldn cho sdn xudt cdng nghifp vdi trinh dO khoa hpc vd cdng nghd tidn tidn" [5,tr.l] Thu hai, edch mgng edng nghiep ldn tha tu tgo thdi ca eho su phdt trien xd hgi vd qudn ly sir phdt trien xd hoi d Viit Nam Vdi nhung tuu v i khoa hpc va cdng nghf mdi, cuOc cdeh mang cdng nghiep Idn tiift tu eiing tgo thdi co cho Viet Nam hidn thyc hda hf muc tieu vd cdc ddc tnmg [1, tt.70] cfta xd hdi xd hOi chft nghia "ddn giau, nude mgnh, ddn chft, cdng bang, van minh" va "con ngudi cd cude song am no, ty do, hgnh phftc, cd didu kidn phdt tridn toan difn" Chdng ban, sy xuat hidn ciia ngudi may ed tri thdng minh nhdn tao, cd kha nang suy nghT vd hdnh ddng gdn gidng ngudi se eang nhidu han, tham gia vdo nhftng cdng vide phftc tap, tinh vi, cd eudng cao vd nguy hidm giup giam tai va gidi phong sftc lao dOng cfta ngudi, nhu cae cdng vide d bdnh vidn, nha may, edng trudng xay dung, v.v Dft Vift Nam chua ty san xudt dugc nhttng ngudi mdy thdng minh nhu the, nhung cd thd nhdp khau san phdm ndy tft cac nude khdc nhdm phue vu tdt hon ddi sdng vat chdt va tmh than cfta ngudi ddn ttong nude Bdn canh do, vdi chinh sach nhgp khdu lao dOng cd chat lugng cao ttong mpt so ITnh vyc, nganh nghd cdn uu tidn phat triin, vifc Viet Nam sdn xudt dugc nhftng ngudi may nhu vdy ttong tuang lai Id didu cd thi Vdi cupe cdeh mang cdng nghifp ldn thft tu, "vien canh cdc nhd mdy thdng minh, ttong dd cdc mdy mdc dugc kit noi Intemet va lidn kit vdi qua mOt hf thdng cd thd ty hinh dung toan bO quy trinh sdn xudt rdi dua quydt dinh" [6, tt.5] cd ve se khdng cdn xa xdi Ciing vdi dd, "cdc lan 38 sdng ciia nhung dOt phd xa han ttong cdc ITnh vye khac tft ma hda ehuoi gen cho tdi cdng nghf nano, tft cae ndng lugng tai tgo tdi tinh todn lugng tii" [6, tt.5-6], khdng chi Idm cho cuOc each mang cdng nghifp lan thft tu khdc vd ea bdn vd vugt ttOi so vdi cdc eudc edch mang cdng nghifp trude, ma edn' md nhidu ea hOi mdi ddp ftng ngdy cdng tdt hon cdc nhu cdu vdt chdt va tinh than cfta ngudi Vien canh da khidn khdng it ngudi nhdn dinh rdng, vdi cuOc edch mang cdng nghidp Idn thft tu, the gidi xung quanh chung ta khdng ehi Id thd gidi sdng, ma cdn ttd thdnh thd gidi cd nhdn tinh hon bao gid hdt Ndu chftng ta nam bat va van dung dugc nhftng thdnh qua vdo thyc tien phat tiidn cfta dat nude thi se giiip cho muc tidu ngudi Viet Nam cd cuOe sdng am no vd cd didu kifn phdt trien t o ^ didn sdm ttd hidn thyc phd quat Cac cdng nghd ttong each mang cdng nghifp Ian thft tu cflng rdt huu ich ddi vdi vifc xay dyng chinh phii didn tft khdng chi d vifc qudn tri dtt lifu va qudn ly sy phat trien xa hdi, md cdn gop phdn minh bgch hda thdng tin, phdng ngfta va ngan chgn tham nhiing, cdc edng nghp giiip ngudi dan cdng de ddng tiip cdn chi'nh phft dd ndu y kiin vd cftng phdi hgp hogt dOng Ddi vdi Vift Nam, vifc ung dyng cdng nghe cfta each mang cdng nghidp lan thft tu se giup dap ftng ydu cdu "khdn truong tridn khai xay dyng chinh phft dien tft" [5, tt.2], qua dd gdp phdn hifn dai hda nhd nude ciia dan, ddn, vi ddn va hifn thyc hda cac myc tidu ddn chu, cdng bdng, vdn minh cfta xa hOi xa hpi ehu nghia Dd tan dyng mOt each tdi da nhftng thdi CO ma cupe each mgng cdng nghidp ldn thft tu mang lgi cho cdng cuOc xdy dung chii nghTa xd hOi df Vift Nam, vdn dd ddt la VU THI KIEU PHUONG phdi lya chpn bude dOt phd phft hgp de tiep cdn, ehuyen giao cdng nghf va ftng dung nhdm dgt hifu qud tdi uu, gdn ket chdt chd khoa hpc cdng nghf vdi kinh td Dii Vift Nam dd cd mOt tang Intemet khd tdt, nhung van cdn ddy mgnh "ftng dyng cdng nghf thdng tin - tmyin thdng dap ftng ydu cau hifn dgi hda cdng nghe thdng tin trayen thdng ttong pham vi cd nude, bao dam an todn, ddng bO, kdt ndi lien ngdnh va lidn vimg" nhdm "ddp ftng ydu cdu Intemet kdt ndi vgn vgt ttong thdi gian sdm nhat" [5, tt.31 Bdn canh dd, nhu cau cua ngudi ddn va doanh nghifp vd viec dd ddng va binh dang tidp can cae co hOi phat tridn nOi dung sd cdn dugc dap ftng tdt hon, qua gdp phdn cdi thidn mdi trudng canh ttanh kinh doanh dd thftc day sy phdt tridn cua doanh nghifp, tgo didu kifn cho doanh nghifp nhanh chdng hdp thy va phat tridn dugc cdc cdng nghf san xudt mdi [5, tr.2] Cach mgng cdng nghifp lan thft tir ddt thdch thftc doi vdi cong cupe xay dung chu nghia xa hpi d Vift Nam Thu nhdt, cdeh mgng cdng nghiap ldn thu lu dgt thdeh thae ddi vdi sir phdt triin cua luc lugng sdn xudt vd edch thOe sdn xudt d Vi$t Nam Khdng chi tgo thdi co cho sy phdt tridn trinh dO ciia lyc Iupng san xudt va each thftc sdn xudt d Vift Nam, cuOc cdeh mang cdng nghidp lan thft tu cdn ddt thach thftc khidn lyc lupng sdn xudt vd each thftc sdn xudt hifn ed thd trd nen tyt hgu so vdi bude tien eua thdi dgi cho, cuOc cdeh mang cdng nghidp ldn thft tu ddi hdi ngudn nhdn lyc cfta Viet Nam phai ed ky ndng cao dd tmdc hit cd thd v ^ hdnh dugc nhiing cdng cy lao dgng cd sy tham dy cfta cdng nghf cao Tidp tgo dugc nhttng cdng cy lao dOng cdng nghd cao khdc Bdi le ttong cuOc each mang cdng nghifp Idn thft tu, cdng nghf khdng chi eao vd hien dgi (vdi tri tud nhdn tao, difn todn dam mdy, dft lifu ldn, robot cdng nghifp vd gia dinh, cdng nghe nano, phucmg-phdp dieu tri ky thudt s'd vd mdy hgc, v.v ), md cdn ludn dugc cai tien Diiu dd ddi hdi hoat dOng giao dye ciing phai cd bude tien kip thdi, neu khdng thi nhiing gi dugc hpc nhd tmdng se nhanh chdng ttd ndn loi thdi ngudi hpc tdt nghifp Trong khi, thu nhdt, nguon nhdn lyc cfta Viet Nam cd uu the tte va ddi dao nhung phdn ldn Id ed ky ndng vd trinh dO thdp; tha hai, hogt dOng giao due cfta Vift Nam cdn qud nhieu vdn dd vd cd cdng tdc hanh chinh lan chat lupng chuydn mdn Do v$y, uu the tre va ddi ddo cua ngudn nhdn lyc cd the phdn tdc dyng niu khdng phdt huy dugc, keo theo Id sy tut hdu vd trinh dO cua lyc tugng sdn xudt vd each thuc san xuat d Vift Nam so vdi sy phat tridn cfta thdi dgi Thdch thftc ndy cfta cuOc edch mang cdng nghiep lan thu tu da dugc Chinh phft Vift Nam dy bao, rdng "ndu khdng bdt kip nhip phdt triin c^a thi gidi vd khu vyc, Vift Nam se phdi ddi mdt nhiing thdch thftc, tac dOng tidu cyc, nhu sy tyt hgu vd cong nghf, suy gidm san xudt, kinh doanh; du thfta tao dOng cd ky ndng va trinh dO thdp gay phd va thi tmdng tao dOng tmyin thdng, dnh hudng tdi tinh hinh kinh te - xd hOi dat nude; mat an toan an ninh thdng tin, xdm phgm bdn quydn, thieu hyt ngudn nhdn tyc trinh dO cao Mdt Ididc, co khd ndng xudt hidn tan sdng ddy cdng nghp tgc h^u tft cdc nude phat tiien sang cae nude dang phat trien va ehgm phdt trien" [5, ti.t] Thu hai, cdeh mgng cong nghiep ldn tha tu dgt thdeh thue ddi vdi sir phdt triin xa hgi vd qudn ly sir phdt triin xd hgi d Viit Nam 39 A N H H U O N G CUA CACH MANG CONG NGHIEP L A N TIVdi mdt sy phdt trien xd hdi ttong ranh gidi thi gidi thyc va thd gidi khd plian dinh bdi cdc cdng nghf cao vd thdng minh cupe cdeh mang cdng nghidp ldn thft tu mang tgi, can phai co sy quan ty the nao de hf muc tidu vd cac dac tnmg cua xa hOi xa hdi chft nghia md nhan dan Vift Nam dang xay dyng dugc bdo dam va thyc thi? Bdi le, ddng chay cua cuOc each mang cdng nghidp ldn thft tu, nhidu van de vd phdt triin xd hdi va quan 1^ su phat tridn xa hOi se ttd ndn ndi cOm, nhu tOi pham trye tuydn, kiim sodt Iudng dft lifu trung chuydn ttdn Intemet, kidm soat ddng ehdy thdng tin (nhat Id thdng tin nhgy cam ve ed nhdn, vd an ninh vd qudc phong), v.v Cupe cdeh mang cdng nghidp ldn thft tu eiing ed thd ldm xudt hidn cae nguy ca khung bd mang, tOi pham mang, tin tgc khdng che, lam te lift mdt edch co he thdng thdng tin, dtt lieu ttdn phgm vi todn cau, gay hau qua nghidm ttgng vd kinh td, van hda, xd hdi vd an ninh, qudc phdng Ben cgnh do, cac gia tri tten mgng Intemet va nhiing he luy cfta chftng ciing anh hudng khdng nhd din cdc gid tri nhdn van xa hpi, din hf muc tidu vd nhiing dae trung ciia xd hOi xd hOi chft nghTa md Viet Nam dang xdy dyng Trong diiu kifn mgng Intemet phdt trien nhu d Vift Nam hifn nay, sy tidu eye ttong qua trinh phat tiiin xa hOi khdng cdn la mOt nguy co xa, tham chi da cd d mfte dp ndo dd MOt thdch thftc khac ma cuOc each mang cdng nghidp ldn thft tu cd thd ddt cho su phdt tridn xa hOi va qudn ly sy phdt tiidn xa hpi d Viet Nam la sy cgnh tranh gifta ngudi va may Mdy d day Id may mdc co vd ngudi may vdi tri tup nhan tgo cd thi hogt dOng gidng nhu ngudi Sy "canh tiranh" gitta ngudi vd mdy mdc boat ddng lao dOng sdn xudt da bdt ddu tu cuOc cdeh 40 mgng cdng nghifp Ian thft nhdt dien Khi do, "tu lieu lao dOng lidn Idp tftc trd nhiing ke cgnh tranh vdi ban than ngudi cdng nhdn Vifc ty tdng ldn cua tu bdn nhd may moc ty If thudn vdi sd cdng nhdn bi may mdc thft tidu mdt diiu kidn sinh sdng" [4, tr.616] Vd, mdt "bp phdn cua giai cdp cdng nhdn ma may mdc dd bidn ddn cu thua bang edch - nghia la khdng cdn true tiip cdn thidt cho sy ty tang ldn cfta tu ban nfta - mdt mat, se bi diet vong ttong cuOc ddu tranh khdng can sftc giiia nganh san xuat thft cdng gid cdi vd cdng trudng thu cdng vdi ndn sdn xuat bang may mde, vd mat tchac, xd vao cdc nganh cdng nghifp de tam an hon" [4, tt.6t6] Dieu se dien ttong didu kifn cuOc each mgng cdng nghifp tdn thft tu Sy "canh tranh" cd thd dan ddn nan that nghifp nhidu hon, gia tdng eac mdu thuan va cdc tf ngn xa hOi, nhu phdn hoa gidu ngheo, bat binh ddng, xung dot xa hOi, v.v Nhttng ngudi may vdi dac trung la hogt dOng dudi sy chi dan eua "tri tup nhan tgo" cua cupe each mang cdng nghidp ldn thft tu khdng nhftng cd thi chd tgo nhttng ngudi mdy tuong ty, md cdn ttd thdnh mdi de dpa ddi vdi sy phat tridn xa hOi mpt chiing vugt tdidi tdm kidm sodt cfta ngudi Tuy nhidn, day Id mpt vien ednh khd xa ddi vdi Vift Nam Tmdc xu thd cua cuOc each mgng edng nghifp tan thft tu cung nhung thdeh thftc md cuOc each mang ndy cd thd dem tgi cho cdng cugc xdy dyng chft nghia xa hOi d Vift Nam, Ctiinh phu Vift Nam da xdc dinh rd nhiing vifc can phdi tdm mOt each cy the [5, tt.2], dd Id "ddi mdi cdng nghf ITnh vyc cdng nghe thdng tin; ddy manh Ithoa hpc phan tich vd quan ty va xft ty dft lifu ldn tao tri thftc mdi, ho trg vifc dua VU TH] KI^U PHUONG quyet dinh va tgo lgi thd cgnh ttanh", "ddi mdi md hinh qudn ly, sdn xudt, tdi uu hda md hinh kinh doanh, thidt lap ehuoi eung ftng vd hdu cdn thdng minh ttong mang ludi chudi gid tri todn cdu va md hinh thui quan mdi", CO "he thdng quan ly sd hftu tri tuf mdi, tdt han ttong thdi dai sd", "bdo ddm an toan, an ninh thdng tin mgng" Bdn cgnh do, Viet Nam can phdt trien han nua ngudn nhan lyc cdng nghf thdng tin - tmydn thdng "nhdm tgo ngudn nhan lyc cd khd ndng tidp nhgn cac xu the cdng nghd sdn xudt mdi", bidn "thach thftc ddn sd cftng gia tri ddn sd vang thdnh lgi thi ttong hdi nhdp vd phan cdng lao dOng qudc td" [5, tt.3] Dd ddi vdi van nan cd thd ttd bai rac edng nghf ttong can 16c ciia euOc edch mang cdng nghifp ldn thft tu, Vift Nam can e6 chinh sach thdng minh vide ddn dau, tidp nhan chuydn giao cdng nghf, nhu xdy dyng "chidn luge chuydn ddi sd, ndn qudn tri thdng minh, uu tidn phdt triin cdng nghifp cdng nghf sd, ndng nghifp thdng minh, du lieh thdng minh, dd thi thdng minh", soat va lya chgn "phdt tridn sdn pham chu lyc, san pham canh tranh chidn luge ciia qudc gia bam sat cac cdng nghf sdn xuat mdi, tich hgp nhiing cdng nghp mdi dd tap trung ddu tu phdt tridn" [5, tr.2] CuOc each mang cdng nghifp ldn thft tu dang dien la sy kd thfta va phdt triin tft thdnh qua cfta tdt cd cdc cuOc each mgng cdng nghidp tmdc dd Vdi nhftng phat tridn vugt bdc vd tu lieu sdn xuat, cuOc each mang ndy dang tgo rat nhidu ca thdi ca lan thdch thftc ddi vdi sy phat triin cua nhan Ioai La mOt phan ciia sy phat tridn dd, cdng cupe xdy dyng chd nghTa xa hOi d Vift Nam da, dang va sd tiip tyc chiu nhidu dnh hudng tft cupe cdeh mgng ndy, nhdt Id ttong bdi canh todn cdu hda vd hpi nhgp qude td Hidn nay, Vift Nam da cd nhiing dOng thdi chu dOng vd tich eye v i mat chft tmong, chhih sach ddi vdi cuOe cdeh mgng cdng nghiep lan tiift tu, dd hinh dung rd difn mgo ciing nhu nhimg anh hudng tich eye va tidu eye cfta nd ddi vdi edng cuOc xdy dyng chft nghla xd hOi d Vift Nam ttong tiidi gian tdi cftng vdi nhung ddi sdeh chung thich hgp Tuy nhidn, ban chdt vd ddc diim ciia cugc each mang cdng nghifp ldn thft tu cho thdy, ngodi chu tmong va chinh sdeh phat tridn cfta Chinh phft, cdt yiu van phdi Id nhan to ngudi Bdi ttong cuOc each mgng nay, nhdn td cdt loi cfta ndn san xudt la ndng lyc cfta chft the Tham chi, nang lyc ndy cdn quan ttpng hon ca vdn Vi vdy, didu quan ttpng Id m5i ca nhan ttong ngudn nhdn luc tte va ddi dao cua Viet Nam phdi cd su y thuc ve cuOc cdeh mgng cdng nghifp tan thft tu, cung nhu ve mdi tidn hd giiia bdn than vdi nhftng thdi ca vd thach thftc cuOc each mgng dd tgo Tai lifu tham khao [I] Ding COng sin Vift Nam (2011), VSn kifn Dgi hgi dgi bieu lodn qudc ldn thu XI, Nxb Chfnh trj Quic gia H i NOi [2] C.Mic v i Ph.Angghen (1995), Todn Igp, t.l, Nxb Chfnh trj Quoc gia H i Ngi [3] C M i c v i Ph.Angghen (1995), Todn Igp, t.3, Nxb Chfnh frj Quoc gia, H i NOi [4] C.Mic v i Ph.Angghen (1993), Todn tgp, t.23, Nxb Chinh trj Quoc gia, H i Ngi [5] Thu tu6ng Chfnh phii (ngiy 4-5-2017), CW/A/ ve viie tdng cuang ndng luc tiip cgn Cugc each mgng cong nghiep ldn thu tu [6] Cue Th6ng tin Khoa hgc v i Cflng ngh? Quic gia, Tdng lugn "Cugc each mgng cdng nghiep lan Ihiilu", t^i website: http://www.vista.gov.vn/LinkClick.aspx7filelic ket=BDbI9Fg5FhY%3d&tabid=I52&language =vi-VN 41 ... cude xay dung chft nghia xd hdi d Vift Nam Vi the, sau cac Dien dan kinh td thd gidi vd cugc cdeh mgng edng nghidp Idn thft ttong nam 2016, Chinh phft Viet Nam dd Nghi quyit so 103/NQCP Vi phiin... Vift Nam Tmdc xu thd cua cuOc each mgng edng nghifp tan thft tu cung nhung thdeh thftc md cuOc each mang ndy cd thd dem tgi cho cdng cugc xdy dyng chft nghia xa hOi d Vift Nam, Ctiinh phu Vift Nam. .. qudn ly sir phdt trien xd hoi d Viit Nam Vdi nhung tuu v i khoa hpc va cdng nghf mdi, cuOc cdeh mang cdng nghiep Idn tiift tu eiing tgo thdi co cho Viet Nam hidn thyc hda hf muc tieu vd cdc ddc
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