THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Tgp chi Ddn tgc hgc sd - 2019 BIEN DOI HON NHAN CUA NGlTOI PA-CO HUYEN A LU6l, TINH THlTA THIEN HUfi VA MOT S VAN DE DAT R A ' ThS Le Thj HuoTig Vien Dan toe hoc Tdm tdt: Bdi viit trinh bdy thicc trgng bien ddi hdn nhdn vd mgt sd vdn di ddt a nguai Pa-cd tgi hai xd Ddng San vd Hong Thuang, huyen A Lu&i, tinh Thica Thiin Hui Tir kit qud nghien cim, bdi viet bu&c ddu ddnh gid cdc khia cgnh biin ddi cua hdn nhdn vd de xudt, kien nghi, gdp phdn thuc hiin hieu qud Lugt Hon nhdn vd Gia dinh, xdy dung dai sdng vdn hda m&i vd xdy dung nong thdn m&i a viing miin niu vd ddn toe thieu sd tinh Thua Thien Hue Til- khoa: Ta-di Pa-cd, Pa-hy, hon nhdn, bien doi hdn nhdn, A Licdi, Tliica Thien Hui Ngdy nhgn bdi; 7/3/2019; ngdy gici phdn biin; 8/5/2019; ngdy duyet ddng: 10/6/2019 Mffdau Pa-cd la mpt nhdm dia phuang eita dan tpc Ta-di, dan so cd 49.543 ngudi, cu tni tap tmng d mien mii hai tinli Thira Thidn Hud va Quang Trj Trong dd, tai Thua Thien Hud, ngudi Pa-cd cd dan sd 26.354 ngudi, phan ldn d buyen A Ludi va Nam Ddng (Ban Dan tdc tinh Thira Thign Hug, 2018) O Quang Tri, ngudi Pa-cd cd dan sd 16.839 ngudi, chii yeu d huyen Hudng Hda va Dak Rdng (Ban Dan tdc tinh Quang Trj, 2018) Rieng tai huyen A Lirdi, nhdm ngudi cd 5631 hd, 21.744 ngudi, chidm 44% dan sd va cu trii tai 20/20 xa, thi trin ciia huyen (Ban Dan tpc tinh Thira Thien Hud, 2018) Da cd nhidu nghien cim ve dan tdc Ta-di", dd cd mdt sd nghien ciiu ve hdn nhan ciia dan tdc Ta-di ndi chung va ngudi Pa-cd ndi rieng nhu ciia Nguyen Hiiu Thau (1976), Hoang Son (Chii bidn, 2007), Nguyen Tmdng Giang (2016) , song hau het deu tap trung tim hieu cac khia canh hdn nhan truydn thdng ma it dd cap den nhii'ng bidn ddi Bai viet chii ydu dua hgn ngudn tai lieu tbyc dia thu thap dugc tai hai xa Ddng San va Hdng Thugng, huyen A Ludi vao thang 12 nam 2018, nham dua nhiing danh gia ban dau vd bign ddi hdn nhan ciia ngirdi Pa-cd va dd xuat, kien nghj nham gdp phan thuc hien hieu qua Luat Hdn ' Bai Viet la ket qua nghien ciiu cua de tai ''Mot so vdn de ca bdn vd cdp bach cong dong cdc ddn toe thieu so lgi cho khu vuc Tdy duyen hdi mien Trimg", ma so CTDT 18.36/16-20 ^ Rieng th6ng ke a Thu vien Vien Dan toe hgc nam 20 i cho biet da co 61 cong trinh nghien cmi ve ngircn Ta-6i Le Thi Hudng nhan va Gia dinh, xay dyng ddi sdng van hda radi va xay dyng ndng thdn moi d viing mien mii va dan tdc tinh Thira Thidn Hud Vai net ve diem nghien ctiu Ddng San la xa bidn gidi, thudc khu vyc III, each ttnng tam huyen A Ludi 30km ve phia tay nara Phia tay co khoang 10km ducmg bien gidi giap huyen Klum, tinli Sgkdng, nudc Cpng hda dan chu nhan dan Lao Xa cd ba lang la Ka Va, Loah Ta Vai va Tm Chaih, vdi 384 hp, 1.494 nhan khiu, gdm hai tdc ngudi chinh la Ta-di (nhdm Pa-cd 266 hp, 1043 ngudi; nhdm Ta-di 91 hd, 332 ngudi) va Co-tu (18 hd, 94 ngudi), cdn Iai la ngudi Kinh va Bru - Van Kieu (UBND xa Ddng San, 2018) Trong san xuit ndng nghiep, cay trdng chinh eiia dja phuang la chudi, sin va Iiia nudc Tuy nhien, liia nudc d day cho nang suat thap va khdng dn djnh Ngoai ra, ddng bao cdn trdng keo Nhin chung, ddi song ngudi dan cdn khd khan, ty Ie hd ngheo nam 2018 la 44,53% Hdng Thupng la xa ndi dia, thupe khu vyc II, each tmng tam huyen A Ludi 6km ve phia ddng bac, gdm lang: A Xap, Can Sara, Can Tdm, Can Te, Hgp Thupng, Ky Re va A Den Nam 2018, dan sd eita xa la 892 hd, 2.452 nhan khau, vdi ba dan tdc chinh la Kinh 35 hd, 172 ngudi; Ta-di 732 hd, 2.197 ngudi (Ta-di 133 hp/472 ngudi; Pa-cd 699 hd, 1.725 ngudi); Ca-tu 24 hd, 75 ngudi va dan tpc khac hd, ngudi (UBND xa Hong Thupng, 2018) Xa nam vimg bj anh hudng cua thiiy dien A Luai, cac lang xa dgu bi mat rapt phan dat san xuat C6 hai lang tai djnh eu thiiy dien la A Den va A Xap Dat canh tac d khu vuc xau va bae raau Ngoai sd it mong nudc va dat trdng mau, sinh kd chit yeu ciia ddng bao la trdng keo Nam 2018, xa ed 112 hp ngheo, chigm 15% tdng sd hp Bien doi hon nhan 2.1 Nguyen tac ket hon Cling nhu hau het cac dan tdc thidu sd ca nudc, tmydn thdng ngudi Pa-cd tuan thit chat che hai nguyen tac ket hdn la ngoai hdn ddng hp va ndi hdn tdc ngu'di Ngogi hdn ddng hg la nguyen tac quan ttpng hang dau hdn nhan Mac dii cho ddn nay, hau het ngudi Pa-cd d A Ludi ddu mang hp Hd vdi tinh cam tin theo each mang va tdn kinh lanh tu Hd Chi Minh, nhung nhan thii'c, sy giao due va tmyen day ciia ngudi gia, mdi ngudi ddu nho minh thudc vd mdt ddng hp nhit dinh Ddng hp Pa-cd la phu he, dd la nhiing ngudi mdt dng ba td sinh Tai xa Ddng San, ngu'di Pa-cd d ba lang cd 16 ddng hp ; d lang Can Tdm, xa Hdng Thupng, ngudi Pa-cd cd ddng hp'' Moi ddng hp luu ^ Gom Td Va, Ta Quang, Tdy cot, Biuup, Pe lie Kor oay Pa Tq, Td du, Hos, A Ca A deng, A viet, Tu vay Pleeng, Blop A Pe Trong do, rieng lang Ca Va co dong ho la A viet Pa Ta, Tdy col, Hos, Bluup, Pe ke, Kor oay ^ Gom A cho, A hai, A viel Ta nth, Ta qitdl A nguon, Hoih, Ta lau, Ra pal Tgp chi Ddn tdc hgc sd3 - 2019 truydn mdt cau chuyen ke vg sy tieh ddng hp va nhiing kieng ky hen quan^ mdi lang thudng cd mdt ddng hp ldn, dugc coi la ddng hp diu tien lap lang va theo tap quan trudng ddng hp thudng la ehu lang^ Didu gpi md kha nang khdi thiiy lang Pa-cd la cdng xa huydt thdng (la cdng ddng gdm nhieu hp gia dinh ed chung mot quan he huydt tpc tdn tai xa hdi) chi cd mdt ddng hp, vd sau mdi ehuydn cdng xa lang gieng (la cdng ddng gdm cac vien thudc hai hay nhidu huydt thdng) thudc hai hay nhidu ddng hp eiing cu tni, mdi lang gdm nhidu ddng bp nhu Mdi ddng hp theo phy he dupc coi la mdt don vj ngoai hdn, theo dd vidn ddng hp chi dugc phep kdt hon vdi vien ddng hp khac tbeo nguyen tic thuan chieu day chuydn'' Vi pham nguygn tic la vi phara Iuat tuc, se bj lang pbat va Nguyen tic ngoai hdn ddng hp thuan chidu ciing dupe gidi thieu ttong nghign ciiu ve dan tdc Ta-di ciia Nguyen Xuan Hdng (1998) Myc dich eita ngoai hdn ddng hp theo cac gia lang la tranh loan Iuan va suy thoai ndi gidng Ngoai hdn ddng hp d ngudi Pa-cd la tuyet ddi, da la ngudi cimg ddng hp phu he thi bao nhieu ddi eiing khdng dupc lay nhau, nhung di gia va eon ed cau^ mdt chidu cd thd ket hdn, vi dugc hieu la khac ddng hp tinh theo ddng cha Cung nhu the, hdn nban anh em chdng, chj em vp thuan chieu nhu la tan du ciia hdn nhan nguydn thiiy dugc Iuat tttc cho phep, thiy tdn tai d cac nhdm Ta-di, Pa-hy ciia dan tpc Ta-di (Nguyen Xuan Hdng, 1998, tr 47) Hien nay, cac quy dinh tren da thay ddi tac dpng ciia viec thuc hien chinh saeh hdn nhan va gia dinh Hdn nhan di gia va hdn nhan anh em cbdng, chj em vp thuan chldu dupc khuygn khich trudc day hau nhu da vang bdng, hdn nhan cd cau chi cdn dudi dang tan du Tai lang Ca Va, xa Ddng San hien cd ba cap hdn nhan cd can, dd cap ket hdn cudi eimg vao nam 2006; tai lang Can Tdm, xa Hdng Thugng cdn mdt cap hon nhan cd can ket hdn vao nam 2003 Nam 2018, buyen A Ludi cdn trudng hgp hdn nhan can huyet cd cau cac dan tdc thidu sd, ngoai hai cap d xa Ddng San, mpt cap d xa Hdng Thugng, cdn cd mdt cap d xa Nham (Ban Dan tdc tinh Thira Thien Hue, 2018) Ngay nay, d ngirdi Pa-cd ngoai hdn ddng hp khdng chat che nhu trudc, da cd ba tm'dng hop d lang Ca Va, xa Ddng So'u va nam tm'dng hpp d lang Can Tdm, xa Hdng Thupng la trai gai tii' ddi thu tu trd di ciing ddng hp kdt hdn vdi Sy bign ddi la phii hgp vdi quy djnh cam kdt hdn hong ba ddi cua ' Chang han, a iang Ca Va, xa Dong Son, dong hg Pa Ta chiu on va kieng san, kieng an thit ho; dong hg Tdy col chiu on va kieng an thit cho; dong hg Bluup chiu on va kieng an thit meo; dong hg Pe ke chiu on va kieng an thit thin lid\ CJ lang Can Tom, xa H6ng Thuong, dong hg A cho chiu on va kieng chat pha loai cay long cho rimg; dong hp Bluup chiu on va kieng khong chat pha mot ioai nam rimg; dong hg Kor oay chiu on va tho cung coi gia gao Chang han, lang Ca Va, xa Dong San co hg Pa Tg Ion nhat va truang ho la chu lang xua; lang Can Tom co ho Ta qudl Icfn nhat va tnrong ho cQng la chii lang xua ^ Chang han, ciia hg A da kSl hon voi cua dong hg B thi ciia dong ho B khong dugc ket hon ngirac lai vol cua dong hg A ma chi dugc phep lay ciia dong hp C,., ** Con di gia la ciia cac chi em gai Hon nhan co cau la hon nhan giua ctia chi em gai voi ciia anh em trai rupt hay noi mot each khac la hon nlian anh chj em ho cheo (Phan Hiru Dat, 1992) 64 Le ThiJiuong_ Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinh nam 2014 Theo danb gia cua can bp va ngudi dan dja phuong, xu huong hdn nhan can huydt (hdn nhan cd cau) se khdng edn, vide kdt hdn tir dai thir tu ddng hp se gia tang Ndi hdn tgc ngicai la nguyen tic dugc kbuydn khich d ngudi Pa-cd ttudc day Nguyen tic quy djnh chi ngudi Pa-cd radi dugc ket hdn vdi Theo Iy giai cua ngudi dan, ngudi Pa-cd liy ngu'di Pa-cd se sdng tot hon, thuan lgi ban vi cimg ngdn ngii va van hda, ket hdn ttong ndi bp nhdra ngudi se gdp phin dd ngudi Pa-cd Idn raanh va bao tdn truyen thdng van hda eita cdng ddng Trong thdi ky khang chidn chdng My, nhit la tti Ddi mdi 1986 den nay, nguygn tic ndi hdn tdc ngudi da bj pha va bdi su xuat hien va gia tang ciia hdn nhan hdn hgp vdi ngudi cac dan tpc kliac Tai xa Ddng San, tmdc nam 1986 ehi cd vai tmdng hpp hdn nhan hon hgp dan tpc Pa-cd vdi nhdm/dan tdc khac, nhung thdi gian nam (2010-2018), s6 cap vp chdng hdn nhan hdn hop dan tdc Pa-cd - nhdra/dan tdc khac la 44 tmdng hpp Trong dd, vdi nhdm Ta-di cimg tpc (21 truong hpp), ngu'di Kinh (17 tmdng hgp), eac dan tdc thidu sd khac nhu Bm - Van Kidu va Co-tu bgn bien gidi (3 tmdng hgp), ngudi Lao ben bien gidi (6 tmdng hgp) Theo bao cao eita UBND xa, ba nam tir nam 2016 den nam 2018, cd 38 cap hdn nhan da dang ky kdt hdn, ngoai 25 cap Pa-cd - Pa-cd, cd 13 cap hdn nhan hdn hgp, ttong Pa-cd vdi Ta-di cap, Pa-cd vdi Kmh cap va Pa-cd voi Co-tu I cap xa Hdng Thupng, tmdc nam 1986 cd khoang 10 tmdng hgp hdn nhan hdn hgp Ddn thang 12 nam 2018, sd cap vp chdng hdn nhan hdn hgp dan tdc Pa-cd - nhdm/dan tdc khac la 46, nhidu nhat la vdi ngudi Kinh (28 trudng hgp), vdi ngudi Ta-di, Pa-hy ciing tpc (II tmdng hgp), cae dan tde khac nhu Bru - Van Kieu, Ca-tu, Hre (7 tmdng hgp) Hdn nhan hdn hpp dien tai xa Hdng Thupng nhieu hon so vdi xa Ddng San la xa d gan tmng tam huyen - noi qua trinh hpi nhap, hda nhap va giao luu tiep xiic dien sdm va manh me ban 2.2 Tudi ket hon Trong xa hdi truyen thdng, nien Pa-cd thudng kgt hdn d dp tudi 13-15 Dieu xuat phat tti tam ly cha, me mudn sdm ed ehau, thdm ngudn lao dpng cho canh tac nuong ray Mat khac, ngudi Pa-cd cd tap tuc dira trd cdn nhd hai ben gia dinh hira ga cho qua Id hua hdn va ttao vat dinh udc, mac dii chua den tttdi trudng hp van td chii'c dam cudi de chac ehan hdn udc da hoan Hien nay, tai cac diem nghign ciru tudi ket hdn d ngudi Pa-cd da dugc nang Ien, tudi kdt hdn dan dugc hian thit theo Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinh (nam 20, nir 18) Kdt qua phdng van 14 nidn chua ket hdn d lang Ca Va, xa Ddng Son cho bidt: cd 11 ngudi tra ldi cin ket hdn diing tudi nha nudc quy dinh, ba ngudi tra Idi ket hdn sdm hay mudn la cha me quyet djnh Trong dd, phdng van 17 nign ehua ket hdn d lang Can Tdm, xa Hdng Thugng cho biet: cd 15 ngudi tra Idi can kgt hdn diing tudi nha nudc, mdt ngudi tra Idi ndu Tgp chi Ddn tgc hgc sd3-2019 65 ygu sdm thi ket hdn sdrm, mdt ngudi tra Icri cdn ttiy thudc vao cha me Ly la vi phong tyc, tinh hang tao hon van da va dang dien ngoai mong mudn Trong do, thea thdng ke eua UBND hai xa, chi tinh ridng ba nam (2016 - 2018), d xa Ddng Son cd 16 trudng hgp tao hdn; d xa Hdng Thugng cd trudng hpp tao hdn Trong dd, rieng lang Ca Va, xa Ddng San cd tmdng hpp; lang Can Tom, xa Hdng Thupng ed trudng hgp Theo y kidn eita can bd bai xa sd tai, ty Ie tao hdn tdng sd cac cupc hdn nhan hien chiem ban 25% d xa Ddng Son va gan 20% d xa Hdng Thugng Thdng kd cua Ban Dan tpc tinh Thira Thien Hud cho biet, tir nam 2016 den nam 2018, trdn dia ban hai huyen mien nui Nam Ddng va A Ludi, dja ban ddng ngudi Pa-cd cu tni, cd 96 trudng hgp tao hdn (Nam Dong 41 tmdng hgp, A Ludi 55 tmdng hpp) va tmdng hgp hdn nhan can huydt (Ban Dan tdc tinh Thira Thign Hud, 2018) Thdng ke ciia can bd lang Ca Va, xa Ddng Son cho biet: nam 2014 2018, tai lang cd 17 tmdng hgp hdn nhan vi pham phap Iuat, dd 15 tnrdng hgp tao hdn va tmdng hpp hdn nhan can huydt (con cd lay cau), chiem gan 50% tdng sd cudc hdn nhan Didu cho thay, sd lieu thdng ke cua eac cap dia phuong la khdng day dii, ndu so vdi sd thdng kg thi sd thye te se Idn ban nhieu Cac sd lieu va kdt qua dieu tta djnh tinh eiing cho thay, tinh trang tao hdn d xa bien gidi Ddng Scm nang ne hon d xa ndi dia Hdng Thugng Mac dil dupc tuydn tmyen, van ddng, nhung ket hdn chua dii tudi hay ket hdn can huyet va thidu hidu bidt phap Iuat ngn tinh trang khdng dang ky ket hdn tai chinh quydn dia phuang d ngudi Pa-cd vin da va dang dien Theo bao cao cua UBND xa, ba nam tir nam 2016 den nam 2018, tai xa Ddng Son cd 13 cap hdn nhan khdng gia thit (trong cd ba cap dii tudi kdt hdn nhung khdng dang ky), tai xa Hdng Thugng cd bay cap hdn nhan khdng gia thii (trong cd hai cap dii tudi kdt bdn nhung khdng dang ky) Cdng tac van ddng tuyen truydn vd Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinh dugc thuc hien nhigu nam, nhung nhirng hu tuc van cdn tdn tai, chua dd dang dugc xoa bd 2.3 Hon nhan xuyen bien gi&i A Ludi la huyen bien gidi giap vdi Cpng hda dan chii nhan dan Lao, hdn nhan xuyen bien gidi la hien tugng kha phd bidn d eac xa dpc bidn gidi, raa Ddng San la didn hinh xa Ddng Son, ttr nam 1988 ddn cd 10 cudc hdn nhan giua ngudi Pa-cd qudc tjch Viet Nam vdi ngu'di Bm, Ta-di qudc tich Lao bdn bidn gidi Trong dd, cap hdn nhan vp ngudi Pa-cd qudc tich Viet Nam liy chdng quoc tjch Lao va sang sdng d Lao, cap hdn nhan vg qudc tjch Lao liy chdng ngirdi Pa-cd qudc tjch Viet Nam va sang sdng d Viet Nam Xa Hdng Thugng, tti nam 2009 ddn nam 2018 ciing cd cap vg chdng Pa-cd - Lao (rapt cap vp ngudi Pa-c6 liy chdng ngudi Lao vd Lao d, mot cap chdng ngudi Pa-ed lay vg ngu'di Lao vd cu tni tai xa) Trong thue td, sd lugng hdn nhan xuyen bidn gidi d tat ca cac xa cua huyen A Ludi se lan ban rit nhidu Da sd nhung ngudi cd qudc tjch Lao kgt hdn vdi ngudi Pa-cd d _66 LeJhj_Hicdng Viet Nam dgu khong hoac khd Iam thii ttic dang ky kdt hon tai Sd Ngoai vu tinh, dan ddn khd quan ly hoae khdng quan iy dupc hd khau cd yeu td nudc ngoai, tiem an tae ddng tieu eye den an ninh chinh trj, xa hdi vimg bien gidi 2.4 Phong tuc ket hdn - Tim hiiu bgn dai vd tieu chi chon va chgn chdng: Trong xa hpi Pa-cd tt-uydn thdng, trai gai tim higu thdng qua tap quan di sira, nhung quydn lya chpn ban doi it dugc tdn trpng hdn nhan thudc quydn cha me va tuc hira hdn tir cdn nhd Ngay nay, trai gai dugc ty yeu duong va tim bidu qua ddi sdng hang Tuc hira hdn da khong cdn Tmdc day, tieu chi chpn ban ddi gin vdi van hda rimg, van hda nuong ray: trai khde manh, diing cam, gidi san bin, dan lat va phat ray, gai diu dang, deo dai, gidi det vai, lay eiii, lay nu'dc va tria liia Ngay nay, viec chpn ban ddi ngoai tidu chi chung nhu cd hpc hanh, hieu biet, tri tbiic radi va se la tdt hem neu ed viec lam phi ndng nghiep, thi ngudi chdng phai khde manh, nang dpng, biet each lara kinh te phii hpp vdi dieu kien radi; cdn ngudi vg phai xinh dep, chju khd, biet thu xdp cdng viec nha, kheo lam lung cdng viec gia dinh, - Li bdo tin cho bd me: Trudc day Id bao tin cho bd me dugc ddi trai gai thue hien sau da nhan Idi ygu Liic do, nha gai chuan bj de ddn le an hdi, cdn nha trai chuan bj cac Id vat de lam Ig an hdi d nha gai Ngay nay, le bao tin van dugc tri Neu ddng thuan, cha me hai bdn ghi nban, ddng thdi chuan bj cac nghi le tiep theo Tuy nhign, vide ehuan bj Id vat an hdi don gian, khdng cdn phai chuan bj nhidu Ig vat rudrn gdm ma nao, dg, Ign, chieu {A La&q), gao ndp, ga, vjt, ca nhu xua - Li dn hdi; Trudc day Id dugc tidn hanh sau Ig bao tin mdt thang Theo phong tuc, d Hdng Thupng nha gai td chiic an hdi vao budi sang nhung d Ddng Son Iai td chuc vao budi tdi ban ban di lam nuong Le vat an hdi ciia nha trai mang den nha gai gdm Ign, I dd, chidu {A La&q), gao ndp, ga, vjt, ca de nha gai lam Ig ciing than linh Sau lg Cling, hai ben ban bac thdng nhat cac budc hdn sy tigp theo va kgt thiic la biia an doan kgt ctia hai gia dinh tai nha gai Ngay nay, thdi gian td chiic Id an hdi cd the sau mpt tuan hay nira thang theo thda thuan ciia hai gia dinh Thanh phan tham du gdra dng mdi, dai dien ben bd, bdn rae chii rg va mdt sd ban be, anh era cbii rg Le vat thach cudi gian ttdn hon Ddng Son la Ign, can ga va tidn mat tiiy theo thda thuan giiia hai gia dinh Ching han, dam cudi anh Hd Van Sinh d thdn Ca Va, td chirc nam 2014, liy vg cimg la ngudi Pa~cd lang, vg chdng ddu lam ndng nghiep, phong bi thach cudi la trieu ddng, kem theo Id vat khac Nhung dam cudi anh Hd Van Thanh, can bd UBND xa, liy vg la ngudi Kinh ngoai thj ttan huyen thi phong bi thach cudi la 10 trieu ddng, kem theo mam le hoa qua, keo banh - Le cudi; Ld cuoi tmygn thdng cua ngudi Pa-cd dugc td chirc hai lin Lin mdt la dam cudi chinh thiic, td chiic sau lg an hdi I ddn thang, vao miia khd, liic ndng nhan, nhim cac tt-ang sang d ca nha trai Ian nha gai Lan hai, la dam cudi cam on, khdng bit budc, sau Tgp chi Ddn tgc hgc sd3 - 2019 dam cudi chinh thirc vai nam, cd toi 10 nam theo didu kien kmh td ciia gia dmh Tmdc day, qua mimg cuci la gao, mgu, ga; hp hang than thidt cd thd mimg Ign, de, ao, khd, vay, giii, ma nao, Trong cudi, cd dau, chii rd mac hang phuc dan tdc Budi hua, sau bii-a an mimg cudi, doan dai dien nha frai den nha gai tien hanh lg ddn dau Tai nha gai, dai didn nha ttai trao le vat thach cudi cho nha gai va tidn hanh Ig ciing thin Iinh chiing giam hdn sy cua ddi ttai gai Theo phong ttic, cd dauttnjdckhi vg nha chdng phai chuin bi va mang theo mdt sd qua danb tang cha me hp hang ben chdng Ngay nay, tac ddng cua ddi mdi, giao luu va hdi nhap Id cudi ciia ngudi Pa-cd d huyen A Ludi da cd nhieu bidn ddi Miic dp bidn ddi dam net hon d cac xa gin ttung tam huyen (dai dien la xa Hdng Thupng) va md nhat hon d cac xa xa ttnng tam huyen (dai dien la xa Ddng Scm) O xa Hdng Thugng, cudi, phd bidn cd dau mac vay cudi thud d cira hang, chu re mac au phuc, cd dau nha d xa dupc ddn dau bing xe d td cd ttang fri hoa tuoi Dam cudi cd djch vu am nhac va ngudi dan chuang trinh Rap cudi bing bat vai, khung sat va cd cudi ciing thud dich vu d thj fran huyen Cd cudi radi raam 10 ngudi, thai didm nam 2018, gia 1,5 ttieu/mara Khach mdi deu mimg cudi bang phong bi, dao ddng tir 100.000 ddng den 150.000 ddng/phong bi/khach Quy mo mdi dam cudi tir 40 - 50 raam cd Trong dam cudi, tbanh nidn hat nhii'ng bai hat phd tiidng raa it hat bai dan ca Pa-cd Rugu can tmdc day dugc thay bang bia va rugu tir cac cira hang dai Iy Theo y kign ngucri dan, chi phi thud dich vu nhieu va cao, dam cudi tdn kem ban nhieu so vdi xua Sau mdi dam eudi, nhieu cap vg chdng fre phai ganh mdn ng nhieu nam radi fra hdt ng nan Ciing tac ddng ciia ddi mdi, tyc td chiic dam cudi lan hai d ngudi Pa-cd, huyen A Ludi ndi chung da khdng cdn Mpt sd van de flat va Iden nghi 3.1 Mgt so vdn de dgt Bien ddi la qua trinh tit ydu cua ddi sdng ngudi ma hdn nhan khdng phai la ngoai Ie Qua ttinh bign ddi ciia hdn nhan d ngudi Pa-cd huyen A Ludi, tinh Thira Thien - Hug ttong nhiing nam qua bao gdm nhiing yeu to tich cyc va ban che, tac dpng den phat ttien ben viing Yeu td tich cyc la frong hon nhan cdn luu giii dupc van hda tdc ngudi nhu Id bao tm, Id an hdi Id cudi, don gian hda mpt sd tap tyc mam cho phii hgp vdi ddi sdng radi, gia tang hdn nhan hdn hgp dd cimg cd doan kit dan tdc va hpc hdi Ian nhau, nang cao tudi kdt hdn theo Iuat djnh so voi tmydn thdng, giam thieu can ban van nan hdn nhan can huyet, Bdn canh nhiing ygu td tich cyc, hdn nhan ciia ngudi Pa-cd van cdn mpt sd ban che: - Tinh ttang tao hdn da va dang didn phd bidn vdi ty Id cao Didu tac ddng tteu cyc ddn thi lyc, tri lyc va siic khde giong ndi ciia ngudi Pa-cd Tao hdn cdn tudc di quygn dirpc hpc hanh, vui choi ciia fre vj nien, la nguyen nhan dan ddn ddi ngheo cho cha me va that hoc eho cai tao hdn 68 ^ LSThiHifdng - Thuc frang kgt hdn khdng dang ky da va dang dien kha phd bien d ngudi Pa-co, didu khdng chi vi pham Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinh ma cdn gay khd khan cho cdng tac quan Iy hd khau ndi neng, quan Iy xa hdi ndi chung cua dja phuang - Tinh frang kdt hdn khdng qua thu tuc dang ky ket hdn cd yeu td nudc ngoai tai Sd Ngoai Vlt tinh d ngudi Pa-cd da va dang gay khd khan cho cong tac quan ly xa hdi, an ninh qudc phdng viing bien gidi Tbyc te cdn dat cho cac nha quan Iy va cac cap ket hdn xuyen bien gidi nhiing khd khan thue hien chinb sach va cbe dp an sinh xa hdi nhu hpc hanh, bao hiem y te, xet hd ngheo, - Mdt sd bien ddi dan den mai mpt van hda truyen thdng nhu cat bd hay don gian hda mpt sd nghi thiic giau ban sac van hda dan tdc Td chiic hdn Id, trang phuc cd dau, chii re, thug djch vu cd ban, loa dai, phdng bat dam cudi, mimg cudi bang phong bi gay tdn kem, lang phi ttdn ciia va dg lai ganh nang np nan cho ddi tan hdn, 3.2 Mgt so kien nghi Trgn ca sd kgt qua nghign cim, bai vigt dg xuat bdn kien nghj tmdc mat va lau dai nhu sau: Thic nhdt, tbyc hien hieu qua cac chinh sach phat frien kinh td va giam ngheo dd nhanh chdng nang cao ddi song, lam ca sd cho nang cao nhan thiic ciia ngudi dan ve xa hdi mdi, van hda mdi, vg chii tmang chinh saeh cua Dang va phap Iuat ciia Nba nude Thic hai, nhanh chdng phat trien ngudn nhan luc thdng qua tbyc hien cac chinh sach phat trien giao due va dao tao de nang cao dan tri ndi cbung va nang cao nhan thiic vd Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinb ndi rieng Thu ba, tiep tuc tri tbyc bien tuyen tmydn van ddng de an giam thidu hdn nhan can huyet va tao hdn ddng bao Pa-cd de gdp phan giai quyet van nan hdn nhan can huyet Thic tic, phat huy vaittdtuyen tmyen cua cac doan the chinh trj, dac biet la doan nien Thu ndm, tigp tuc day manh cdng tac tuygn tmygn, phd bien ehu tmong ciia Dang va cac cbinh sach ciia Nha nudc, gdp phan giai quydt van nan hdn nhan va gia dinh nhu Nghi quyet TW khda VIII nam 1998 vg xay dung ndn van hda Viet Nam tien tign, dam da ban sic dan tdc, Luat Hdn nhan va Gia dinh 2014, Quydt djnh sd 308/2005/QD-TTg 25 thang 11 nam 2005 ciia Thii tuong Chinh phu Ban hanh quy chg thuc hien nep song van rainh viec cudi, viec tang va lg hdi^, Chuong ttinh xay dyng ndng thdn mdi hien nay, Cdng tac tuyen tmyen, van dpng can Iinh hoat, da dang, phit hgp vdi nhan thiic, tam Iy, van hda dan tdc, khdng chi hpp dan, hdi thao, tap huan, truydn thdng bing tidng '' Quygt dinh s6 308/2005/QD-TTg 25 thang 11 nam 2005 ciia Thii tuong Chinh phii Ban hanh Quy chg thuc hien nep song van minh viec cuoi, viec tang va ll hoi Tgp chi Ddn tgc hgc sd3 - 2019 dan tdc, ma cdn phat td roi, dan pa-nd, ap phich Phat huy vai trd eita gia lang, ngudi cd uy dn va ciia he thdng chinh tri, dac biet ciia cac td chiic ehinh ttj - xa hpi nhu phy nii, nien, nong dan van ddng thuc hidn ddi sdng mdi Thic sdu, Idng ghep ndi dung thye hien nep sdng van minh vide cudi vao xay dung quy udc, huang udc van hda thdn lang Kk luan Dudi tac ddng ciia Ddi mdi, hon nhan ciia ngudi Pa-cd d huydn A Ludi, tinh Thira Thign Hue da va dang bign ddi Cd nhung bidn ddi tieh cue nhu don gian hda mdt sd tap tuc mdm ra, gia tang hdn nhan hdn hpp dan tpc, nang cao dang kd tudi kdt hdn theo Iuat djnh, giam thieu can ban hdn nhan can huydt Song cdn mdt sd hu tyc chua dugc xoa bd va cd nhung bien ddi tac dpng tidu cyc ddn pbat trien ben viing nhu tao hdn, khdng dang ky kgt hdn, hdn nhan xuyen bidn gidi bat hpp phap, raai mpt van hda, Nhara gdp phan thuc hien cac chil tmang, chinh sach eita Dang, Nha nudc lidn quan den hdn nhan ciia ngudi Pa-cd, can trien khai nhieu giai phap ddng bd, frong dd viec thye hien hieu qua cac chinh sach phat trien kinh te va giam ngheo, phat tridn ngudn nhan lyc thdng qua tbyc hien ehinh sach phat trien giao due va dao tao Day manh cdng tac ttiyen truyen, van dpng thuc hien cac chii tmong, chinh sach eita Dang, Nha nude va Idng ghep ndi dung tbyc hien nep sdng van rainli viec cudi vao xay dyng quy udc, huang udc van hda thdn lang Tai lieu tham khao Ban Dan tdc tmh Thira Thien Hud (2018), Bao cao chuyen de Thuc hien chinh sdch ddn tgc a tinh Thica Tliien Hue vd mot so vdn de dgt Men Ban Dan tpc tinh Quang Tri (2019), Bao cao chuyen dd Thuc hien chinh sdch ddn tdc a tinh Qudng Tri vd mot so vdn di dgt hien Phan Hiiu Dat (1992), "Vd hinh thai hdn nhan eon cd - cau", Tgp chi Ddn ldc hgc, Sd 2, tr 46 - 48 Nguygn Tmdng Giang (2016), G/w- cu, them mai, ldm tdi sdn cho chdu, Chuyin khdo Ddn tgc hgc - Nhdn hoc vi Nguai Ta-di & huyen A Lu&i, tinh Thica Thien Hue, Nxb Dai hpc Qudc gia Ha Ndi Nguydn Xuan Hdng (1998), Hdn nhdn, gia dinh, ma chay cua nguai Td oi, Ca tu, Bru-Vdn Kiiu & Qudng Tri - Thica Thiin Hui, Nxb Van hda Thdng tin Quang Trj Nguygn Hiiu Thiu (1976), "Vai net vg quan he hdn nhan va gia dinh ngudi Pa cd Pa hy, Ka tu", Tgp chi Ddn toe hoc, Sd I, tr 80 - 87 Hoang Son, (Chii bien, 2007), Ngu&i Ta-di & Thica Thien Hue Nxb Van hda dan tdc Le Thi Hudng UBND xa Ddng San (2018), Bdo cao Tinh hinh kinh ti - xd hoi ndm 2018 vd phuang hu&ng, nhiem vu ndm 2019 UBND xa Hdng Thugng (2018), Bdo cao Tinh hinh kinh ti - xd hdi ndm 2018 vd phuang hicdng, nhiem vu ndm 2019 10 Vien Dan tpc hpc (1984), Cdc ddn tgc it ngicai a Viet Nam (cdc tinh phia Nam), Nxb Khoa hpc xa hdi, Ha Ndi 11 Vien Dan tdc hpc (2017), Cdc ddn tgc a Viet Nam, tap nhdm ngdn ngU- Mdn Kho'-me, Nxb Chinh trj qudc gia, Ha Ndi Dam cudi ciia ngudi Pa-cd d huyen A Luoi, tinh Thira Thidn Hug Anh: Ld Hudng, chyp nam 2019 ... mat rapt phan dat san xuat C6 hai lang tai djnh eu thiiy dien la A Den va A Xap Dat canh tac d khu vuc xau va bae raau Ngoai sd it mong nudc va dat trdng mau, sinh kd chit yeu ciia ddng bao la... bi/khach Quy mo mdi dam cudi tir 40 - 50 raam cd Trong dam cudi, tbanh nidn hat nhii'ng bai hat phd tiidng raa it hat bai dan ca Pa- cd Rugu can tmdc day dugc thay bang bia va rugu tir cac cira hang... Kor oay chiu on va tho cung coi gia gao Chang han, lang Ca Va, xa Dong San co hg Pa Tg Ion nhat va truang ho la chu lang xua; lang Can Tom co ho Ta qudl Icfn nhat va tnrong ho cQng la chii lang
Ngày đăng: 02/11/2022, 19:34
Xem thêm: