Nucleic Acids
Chemical Structure of DNA vs RNA
Structure of Nucleotide Bases
The nucleus contains the cell’s DNA (genome) RNA is synthesized in the nucleus and exported to the cytoplasm
Deoxyribonucleotides found in DNA
Nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds
DNA is double stranded
Properties of a DNA double helix
DNA is a Double-Helix
RNase P M1 RNA
Nucleic Acids in Acid and Base
RNA is hydrolyzed under alkaline (basic) conditions
Methylation of Nucleotide bases
Spontaneous Alterations in Nucleic Acids
PowerPoint Presentation
Why does DNA contain thymine and not uracil?
Ultraviolet light is damaging to DNA
Nucleic Acids Where are they found in nature? and What do they look like?
Genomes
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The Human Genome
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Telomeres and aging
Internet Resources
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GenBank
BLAST SEARCH
The BLAST search pages allow you to select from several different programs
Nucleotide Databases
Nucleic Acid Sequence What does it encode?
Problem
Problem #2
Regulatory Proteins
Protein – DNA interaction
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)
IS6110 Fingerprints of M. tuberculosis
DNA Profiling
restriction fragment length polymorphism (= RFLP)
Parentage Testing
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RNA and DNA Viruses
Viruses
Viral capsid
Acquisition of a viral envelope
The Coats of Viruses
Several types of viral genomes
T4 bacteriophage chromosome
The life cycle of the Semliki forest virus
The life cycle of a retrovirus
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The life cycle of a retrovirus
The AIDS Virus Is a Retrovirus
A map of the HIV genome
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Preventing and treating AIDS
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Anti-HIV chemotherapy
Title Slide
Wouldn’t it be wonderful…
Sanger dideoxy nucleotide DNA sequencing uses a DNA polymerase to determine the sequence of DNA
Sanger dideoxy sequencing incorporates dideoxy nucleotides, preventing further synthesis of the DNA strand
Automated DNA Sequencing
What are SNPs and How are They Found?
Needles in a Haystack
Why are SNPs important to pharmaceutical companies?
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Laboratory Experiment Isolation of genomic DNA from the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli)
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Promega Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification Kit
Laboratory Experiment 1. Determination of the molar absorptivity of adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP) 2. Determination of the concentration of AMP in an aqueous solution 3. Determination of the concentration of DNA in purified E. coli genomic DNA solution 4. Determination of the concentration of DNA in oligonucleotide solutions