Địa tầng holoxen và cấu trúc bãi triều hải phòng (holocene stratigraphy and the structure of intertidal flats in the hai phong coastal area) tài nguyên và môi trường biển

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MOl TRCJONG BIENFEDCBA " II , A \ I A ~UYEN T~P CAC CONG TRINH NGHIEN Cl1Uj TAp VI BAN BIEN T~P: Truong ban: PGS, rn« T S N guyen H uy Y et T S N guyen V an T ie n T S N guyen D ue c« ky: T S N guyen C hu Cac uien: T S T n TS Luu D ue V an T S N guyen TS NHA XUAT BAN HA KHOA HOC NOI - 1999 vA Do KY C ong Th~nh D i~ u H uu co Thung THUAT H bi TaikjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA nguyen va M (Ji truong bien, Top VIZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA M VC LVC " ~ !zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA Trang Lei gioi thieu 1- L Thanh tich 40 na m hoat n g khoa hoc - corig d uon g hoc tai Hai Phcn g (1959 - 1999) 2, Dan h g ia xu the' bien dQng mot so yeu to chat yen bo mien B5.c Viet Na m 3, Ham n g he cua Ph an vien Hai N guy~n C liu R B i hron g moi t rucug nude bien 19 Liru V an D ieu, N guy& n C liu R B i lucrig mot so kim loai naug nuoc vinh H9- Long (7/1998) N gu-yen XUGn Tuycn, Hau qua moi trirorig dan h bat ca bang hoa chat doc xyanua thai san ho va ng ucn lei bao ug u Vl111g bien Bach Long V y 5, Thu hep n guyen khcrig n h an quan /~\ ~;/ Dja tang '7" gian N guy2n vuug trieu trorig Du» C u, N guy2n den he sinh H uy Yet, N guy2n C liu R B i Dang 10 mot tron g nhirng cira song Bach gay sa bci luorig 27 P h.am V an Luong VaG cang N guy2n de co 54 Hili Phorig E H /c C u Holoxen va can true bai trieu ven bo Hili Pho n g Mot so' van 39 70 Trdn D ue: Thanh ban ve dia mdi truong 87 ven bo Viet N am Trdn D lf'e: Thr;tnh 8, Dac trun g hinh bo Hai Phcrig 9, Tram tich thai - dong - Ha Long h at luc va dinh mall loang 16 hucrig co Sd dir lieu phuc vu danh trien hen vung vun g ven 98 D inh V an R uy cac ce)t mau tharig dung d vinh B5.c Be) 106 N guy€n C h.u R B i, N guy2n Q uang Tu(i'n, N guy~n 10 Noi dung Nam phat V ii Tutin va N glly~n gia nhan h moi truong N goc Truim g doi bo bien Vie t , 117 T rtin Dinh L dn 11, T6ng yen qu an tinh hinh nghien cuu be mien T'run g Viet Nam 12 Dia chat moi truong trorig danh Uti nguyen P h(pn h in h righien cuu rong tram Q uang Tru ng, D ~ng - co bien Viet N am ';lkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA 272 mo i truong darn ph a 126 N guyin H icu C i! 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A MLKJIHGFEDCBA TANG HOLOXEN VEN BO VA CAU TRUC HAl PHONG B A I T R IE U (*) T rdn tJ{rc T h anh M O DAU DiD.zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA tang Holoxe n d mrdc ta eLl chtQc ughieu d IU d nhieu them song, them bi~n va cac th auh uh ien dia tang chi tiet Holoxe n va cau true Hili Phcug Day Hong la nci co dien trieu rat cti~n liinh cho khu c:J dui ven bo suot b a i viet hi tich Ca i den hoc th iet yeu tr ieu rat NgD Sen rong ct~ xac djnh uha u Tuv bien Ke't qua tdi :24 240hD ctQ leu v a tieu ug hi en tien hca bi~u ctdi ven bo Hai cho duoc tr inh true d veu be D ay cuug d q ua n xu the cac b.ii va cau d IU gap cho hi~u biet ve dia tang cua ba i tr ieu - l1lQt th~ d ia chat luen khoa go'c khac b aug t.iep gi ira ven bd clong b ac va ch au tho vuug se la IllQt dong dong ven bo it d ucc ug hi eu ciru co che ctQ uha t trieu V 1JC Moug tich co nguon cac bfi i trieu na m d vi trf chnyen song bay tao tram vuug 10 co sf! Phorig Ho1oxen TAl L I¢ U V Bai viet ;i d I I I, /1 , I J: de ta i, Phong" A P H V O N (; duoc dua tren q ua n trcug SO' lieu tlnrc by l l o ph a u dien cong d IU trinh chu dao Due Thanh Nguyen 70 sau PHAP ket qua ctieu tra khao nliat 10 coug triuh te va ma u vat 140 mau ph an tich Ph an tich c6 sinh eto c6 sinh duoc pliau va D aG T'hi Mien th uc hien Bilo Kliauh "Moi trucug tlurc liien Trung mi m cua I1lQt sO' dia chat ven bo H5.i d uoc th u th a p t ir 146 10 khoau da o den dQ sa u 3m t.ren vuug c!e'n 26m sit uhieu trieu - dia tang v a hang la phuo ng tich gom cac nhcm BO.o tir phan 10 Nguyen chuc phup t ao Silic 10 khoa n ughieu Tr6.u ho a Din h Van Th uau va vi'! Nguven Ci't N enr Huu .• -zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA ~ lkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA Tit; IIKUY{!l1 kjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA V (l M M trutrng bien Trip VI thuc hieu v a Th a n 111em clo Ling dinh tu6i tr a m tfch cac ng an bien deli cti,cong eti tien them bien Van liauh Ken so sanh va cte cat bi§n bo can ap dung thuc hien lien ket cac th auh Ngcai cac phiroug ho D~ phap tha m kliao tro cho viec tao tram sir Cau true cua bii i tr ieu duoc xe m xet dudi g6c dQ q uuu he khoug lop tram tfch co tu6i va ugucn vi trf mat ('j lop vdi muc nude goc khac nhau, trieu sau (Om i eta), muc tr ie u trung nhat truug biuh trf cua cac ki~u et~ thay mti t cat ducc cuu, muc trieu thap nhat g ian cua cac va cao uha ct~t cac ddi heat duoc mo'i q ua n h~ giira cau true et{lng kien b tr ieu vdi chuyen t) muc trieu co gia tri Om ctQ cao 1.9111 va muc trieu cao uhat binh tuve t be day cua cluing va qu an h~ cua liie n dai (thap Vl111g uglrien voi c6 va lich day cau true cua cac lop tQ.O b tr ieu diroc xem xet ttr muc ugang thap nhat trd leu Trong tich cac g ia tri tu6i ph an tich t.ai lieu khao xac 4m Vi tQ.O hien ctQng kien dai [2] tao h ien dai 3.1 t)!a tung Holoxen vimg ven bl)' Viec ph an ch ia dia tang d ctay chu yeu d ua theo cac den vi cd ban 10 Holoxen h~ tang H3.i Hung va h~ tang Thai Binh tai lieu g£n ct5.y cua Ngo Quang co ph au tich diuh lucug phu, cua Hoang T'oan [11] Tuy nhien goc tram dudi ctay chu yeu rut r a tir ket qua ugh ien diu (j phia nghien 3././ toy ua m Do dIU can han Son duoi tfch th ucng - giiia, he tang cat nho xarn Hung • (Quang Phan rQng khap Plnic ngheo (Q /II~)' cli tich g~p d Hai Phorig Ninh), g iua chi tich Nh irug 1110ta dia t5.11g thuoug tfch Holoxen co be clay - 11m, truug Vinh vang, etam luc dja chua cuu d phia clang bac Do chi 10 - 14m (hinh 1) da t cten 30m va muc etQ h¢ {(i'II!: Ildi 111m !: (Q ,,/.1hlz) • Ph an d udi (a, l Q lyl 2hh - a) day tiep tren ng che Thi'JIlK Iloloxen Tr£m be clay tram ughien cac cQt khcan ro ng ldn va be day Ho1oxen trieu co tham khao cac tai lieu c6 sinh uen ket qua plian chia tiet hen va co met so khac b ie t ve uguon Son, noi c6 vung Ky [5.6] 1Q tr eu mat va phu bo han che Tram vat, nhuug (n1b, In Q lyl zhh - b), day tich aluvi g(tp dudi dao Cat g~p d phau gom cat bet xarn phdt vaug va go m hai ki~u nguon 9m, gom ba phan: 1.5 - 3m khoug phan sinh binh Hai Tram g iap ke thuoc 1\IC chua song tich h uyen t.ruc gem ho 'Yen tao Silic 1\IC dia 0,5 - Gm, trung binh 3m, ph6 bien goe 'I'ra m tich ctam lay bi~n gom set bo t bo t /1 03-{ Ta! lIKuyen vakjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA M oi truong bien, Tap VI C ot dia tang t6ng hap '\ "l' Ky C ot hieu dia tang B e day Dac d i b n t r im t f c h v h d i tfcb s i n h v~t (111) ,IzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA :1 IV (b-c) 14- Tram tich song - bien (am set m au nau, nau xarn khong phan chia, gam 13- Tram lich he - dam lay (/b Iv set bot, bot gem set, /b-c) set bot, m all xarn den, nhao 12- Tram tfch dam lay - bien IV (bm (b-c) gem set bot, m au xarn nau, Ilm nhieu rnun hU ll co, xac tm rc vat ngap m an 11- Tram lich ,I vun '\ (m vo sinh Iv /b-c) IV /b-c) bien - song (m a vat bien, thuoc bai trieu gem set, bot, m all thap hien dai cat thach anh, cat sinh vat vo voi, cuoi xam 10- Tram nau tich Ilm bien set bot, bot m au VOl, xarn tro 9- Tram tich M im lay - bien (IJm IV IIJ-/), gem set, set bot deo quanh m all xarn xanh, chira tao sihc luc dia L1~1 the hen bien, qrau xac thuc vat, nqheo Trung 16 va Than m em o 8- Tram lich bien (m Iv tb-bv, gem cat nho rnau xam yang, yang nhat liln nhieu vun vo S inh vat Than rnern va S an ho . ~ :.-:-j-:-_ -_ -J -_ - -_-MLKJIHGFEDCBA -, t - - - ~-:. • Itt nb t> ja tang tong ; 5"3~ ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA 72 lkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA hap tr a m uch bai tr ieu l lai Phung tich bien bien, giln kat Ttu lkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA nguyen zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJ I'd M 6i LrW }'II!; bien, Tap V I cat uot deo man xa xa k inh Hai Huug tr uug cat bet bo rcng vo Than mat, en xauh chua nhieu kh ap khoug Viuh me m bien cat phu tr tao mat n eu cac them plioug va ugheo hca 'I'ruug ap 10 th ap v a dudi pliu tren ph au th a p lie gom cat hat bien hoac ug trieu t.ic h bien Tram vat tlurc tich 111em bi~ll 19 treu Phuc cti g6c: en di Ph an lion TVNM g(tp nh ieu vo Than ho ac tr e n h$ tbng ch ua 6m lQ tr cten xa111 m p11l1 tao Silic b ien Trtirn tich phan tang hat m phong cac thau trieu - au (TVNM) Trang rn de cat uho bi~ll tram tich biuh 4m go m h a i kieu da by CO.O m bien I ~ Q'onmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA IY Phbn uguon tr en (lb, goc: tram bot long uhao ugheo thap tich mau Silic cliu yeu Qlyl 2hh - am ho dam uguou g6c luc dia song phu - bi~n chu yeu (j tay hiern true mun gQ.p daug tiep gom b9t bet tao n en be mat ctong bang nhieu phan bfi th uc vat bi~n khoug cat b un bun muc ua t va tao clnra T'ruug 10 va co be clay - 6.5111 pha n b6 elm yeu (j cac khu trung Chung ctong b:ic Do Sen tich Iby luc dja ven bi~n co tlianh xa m, X:1l1l den chua BO.o tir phan Tram cL1Y - 6.5111 tr uug c) tr en tram ticli set m au xarn na u, ugheo cao 1.5 - 4m vien quanh b:ic Do Sen ch ung phu ct6.m 16.y hi~n ph an giua di tich sinh vat cac ctoi nui va na m sa u plua tr en tra m tfch ctam lay b ien, bi~u n g uo n goc Tram tich trieu ph an gi ita 3.1.2 T//(i'llg Tram /JO/(}Xe1l tren, h¢ tdn g Ttuii H inh tich co be day - 10m trung (Q ,/Ih) binh 3m go m ba phau: , • thap Phan dudi va duoi uhieu Son t1.t - a) gom h p1W kieu gom cat bdt bet mau me m bi~n plian v a phan mau phu xa m xa m uau tao Silic bien co be day 0.5 - 1.5m na m Do Sen tren gom cat nho phong Chung den - 5m (j tay ph au giira bieu trieu vo Than ugheo BO.o (m Qly'l tb h$ tbng xa m, xam khoug Hai Huug vang tao kh a phoug trung lQ tren co xarn xanh, b iuh tich bien, cte cat bi~n tich trieu thap duoi trieu • Phan IH~n cac them Thai h~ tang cua h~ tang Hai Hung Thai h~ cte cat bi~n C:1 t p111.1tr en tr~ Binh Tram set deo q uauh tich chua tich lion phan trieu ctam 15.y - bi~n nhieu ngi;tp l11Q.n (TVNM) III tre cli tich TVNM ng heo Trung bfii b ien cat bien m tich de cat de cat bi~n day - 3m pliu tr en tr en tram goc Trri m t.Ich bi~n day bo' (j Pl11.l Long bo rcng muc nat 10 va Than trn hoac phu chcrn nguon tht{ p duoi trieu phan 10 va Binh g iira (m , brn, am Q,y'~tb - b) gom b a kieu - 3m thuoc Trang thuoc phu tren tuoug cao - 6m (j Nui Deo Kien An Do Son va Cat Ba Chung cat them phu T'ruug 1.2m (j doug b ac Do be mat Trbm clnra Cat th uoc phan khap phong Do Sen phu Phan Hili Dinh Vf1 tha p h~ tang gem bot bot hca thuc vat memo tao Silic luc di a uu the hen 73 5"33 -, - Ii " lkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA T«! kjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA nguyen I'('i Nfl;i trtrong bien, 'I'dI' V I , i: bien Tr~1ll tich clay 0.:3 - l m trung binh O.(Ill phu trim cac tram tich dam by i' - bien cua 11$tang Hai Huug hone t.ren tram Hell tr ie u tha p duoi trieu cua he ,IzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA tang Thai Binh co lQ t.r m:).t Td 11l bi~ll bo " va noi Do chu yeu d tay n a rn l m, tram phu treu hoac treu tram • Phan :j en tich Sou, t.ao ue n lap be