235 2021f u2 respiratory LIS

UNIT – LISTENING & SPEAKING (2 hours) ENGLISH IN MEDICINE – GENERAL PRACTITIONER Y2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Editor: Nguyen Hoang Quynh Mai Email: nguyenhquynhmai@duytan.edu.vn PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES respiration ● inspiration ● inhalation ● expiration ● exhalation nare (nostril) ● paranasal sinus ● cilium ● adenoid ● tonsil ● epiglottis nose ● nasal cavity ● pharynx ● larynx trachea ● bronchus ● bronchiole lung ● lobe ● alveolus ● parenchyma ● apex ● base hilum ● pleura ● diaphragm ● mediastinum PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES dyspnea apnea bradypnea tachypnea cough sputum hemoptysis epistaxis hoarseness cyanosis retraction pleural rub stridor rales (crackles) wheezes rhonchi PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES croup ● diphtheria asthma ● bronchiectasis ● bronchitis ● COPD atelectasis ● emphysema ● lung cancer ● pneumonia ● tuberculosis (TB) pulmonary edema ● abscess ● embolism ● fibrosis pleurisy ● pleural effusion ● pneumothorax ● hemothorax ● pyothorax PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES 1/ We usually think of respiration as the mechanical process of breathing, the exchange of air between the lungs and the external environment This exchange of air at the lungs is called external respiration 2/ In external respiration, oxygen is inhaled into the air sacs of the lungs and immediately passes into capillaries surrounding the air sacs Simultaneously, carbon dioxide, a gas produced when oxygen and food combine in cells, passes from the capillary blood vessels into the air sacs of the lungs to be exhaled PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES 3/ Whereas external respiration occurs between the outside environment and the capillary blood of the lungs, another form of respiration occurs simultaneously between the individual body cells and the tiny capillary blood vessels that surround them This is internal cellular respiration, which involves an exchange of gases at the level of the cells within all organs of the body 4/ Here, oxygen passes out of the capillaries into tissue cells At the same time, carbon dioxide passes from tissue cells into the capillaries to travel to the lungs for exhalation LISTENING PRACTICE VIDEO 1: How lungs work? (homework) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NUxvJS-_0k Listen to this video twice, and fill in the blanks GG form: LISTENING PRACTICE When you breathe, you _ to the body’s cells to keep them working Like any machinery, it consists of specialized components, and requires a trigger to _ As the body prepares to oxygen-rich air, this system sends a signal to the muscles around your lungs Like tree branches, these small tubes divide into thousands of _ called bronchioles LISTENING PRACTICE At the end of is a little air sac called an alveolus The air you’ve breathed in fills these sacs, causing to inflate The autonomic nervous system kicks in again, causing _ to ball up Lungs inhale and exhale between times a minute, which amounts to an incredible 10,000 liters of air each day LISTENING PRACTICE If you have lobar pneumonia, _ of your lungs is affected Bacteremia occurs when the bacteria causing your pneumonia _ your bloodstream If an abscess forms around _ of your lung, it’s called an empyema If you have _, you may be admitted to the hospital and given intravenous antibiotics and oxygen LISTENING PRACTICE Pneumonia is inflammation in your lungs caused by an infection When you breathe in, each air sac inflates like a small balloon, and when you exhale the sacs deflate If you have pneumonia, your airways or lungs have an infection caused by germs such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites Normally, cells of your immune system attack these germs which keep them from making you sick LISTENING PRACTICE If you have lobar pneumonia, one lobe of your lungs is affected Bacteremia occurs when the bacteria causing your pneumonia move into your bloodstream If an abscess forms around the outside of your lung, it’s called an empyema If you have severe pneumonia, you may be admitted to the hospital and given intravenous antibiotics and oxygen LISTENING PRACTICE SHORT TALK Which function paranasal sinuses in the skull have? A eliminating sound B condensing bones C secreting mucus The pharyngeal tonsils are located in the: A laryngopharynx B nasopharynx C oropharynx The pitch level of the voice can be adjusted by the tenseness of the vocal cords A True B False LISTENING PRACTICE SHORT TALK Which function paranasal sinuses in the skull have? A eliminating sound B condensing bones C secreting mucus The pharyngeal tonsils are located in the: A Laryngopharynx B nasopharynx C oropharynx The pitch level of the voice can be adjusted by the tenseness of the vocal cords A True B False SPEAKING ACTIVITIES SPEAKING REFLEX SPEAKING ACTIVITIES SPEAKING REFLEX 1/ What is the difference between internal and external respiration? 2/ What is lung cancer? 3/ What is endotracheal intubation? SPEAKING ACTIVITIES DESCRIBE THE PICTURE SPEAKING ACTIVITIES DESCRIBE THE PICTURE Keywords Where? ICU/ER/hospital What? Mechanical/assisted ventilation; severe pneumonia Who? physician/specialist/nurse How? modern ventilator/ careful/professional SPEAKING ACTIVITIES DESCRIBE THE PICTURE SPEAKING ACTIVITIES DESCRIBE THE PICTURE Keywords Where? Public space/street What? Smoking/risk factor/COPD Who? Sitting men/standing woman How? Impolite/unhealthy SPEAKING ACTIVITIES BASIC HISTORY TAKING Introduce yourself - name & role Hi, my name is (Trang), I will be your doctor today Confirm patient details – full name & DoB What is your full name, please? And your date of birth? Explain the need to take history I need to ask you some questions to make a correct diagnosis Gain consent May I sit down and talk to you for a while? Present complaint What seems to be the problem? SPEAKING ACTIVITIES BASIC HISTORY TAKING Ask for details Ask about duration (how long), location (where), type (how), severity, affecting factors Other symptoms What else you feel? Previous health Have you ever been admitted to the hospital? Summary & next step That’s all I need to know Now the nurse will take you to the lab for some tests and I will inform you as soon as we have the results Thank you SPEAKING ACTIVITIES BASIC HISTORY TAKING Work in pairs to make your own story, start with a symptom related to the respiratory system QUESTIONS & ANSWERS ... for exhalation 2 LISTENING PRACTICE VIDEO 1: How lungs work? (homework) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NUxvJS-_0k Listen to this video twice, and fill in the blanks GG form: LISTENING PRACTICE... day 2 LISTENING PRACTICE VIDEO 2: Pneumonia https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sB5XW4exTFE Listen to this video twice, and fill in the blanks GG form: https://forms.gle/sFXuXKeuaMKpHANy7 LISTENING... lungs Like tree branches, these small tubes divide into thousands of _ called bronchioles 2 LISTENING PRACTICE At the end of is a little air sac called an alveolus The air you’ve breathed