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10 thành tựu vật lí lớn nhất năm 2013

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10 thành tựu vật lớn nhất năm 2013 Physics World ! "#$%&' (%)*# +,-#.+/%(! 01234 $% +56+7&89# #4 Các thành viên c a nhóm h p tácủ ợ IceCube n m ng vi c hoàn t t giaiă ừ ệ ấ o n xây d ng c a thí nghi mđ ạ ự ủ ệ IceCube Nam C c vào tháng 12ở ự n m 2010. ( nh: Chad Carpenter,ă Ả IceCube/NSF) 1. 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Hạt nhân hình quả lê [?62nn1D%6+&V##Gd#!/N7E;# !_!E;%,\#%#"%'(f#4 &%&E&V&,-M%6#!:@;k000;!k00j4C+! %#o%EM%&P%L("#7+@D7 $]+<E?!#+!/,\#%&!!+,p#&5U (!/#:UD%PL!&%Bq9 i(#6+\]4 3. Tạo ra các “phân tử” ánh sáng %,G#&$!9#A,\#%`%! !/7U%%#Er6+4,#!/6,\#%@!9 ,G#!E:A$D&EE?+!],B#&8%!!9,G#] 0 H#@"#&E4bd#%MU+W!W,\#%:#!/L #:U+Dq+sJ;C+;C+tC 9##q%&>#&V+!%Ff+L: f#:A$!9,G#4[8$]+!/7U(%%#E ?&,-H#;*##%N#&%^9#$#4 4. Bản đồ vũ trụ gần như hoàn hảo J?8](f#A)*&VE!/W$## !:G%+!H!u+; \$C)*7 v&,+$w&!011n4b7:#Gf#8d#')*L B#+,-#No\,@&7:#,G#5!/fD,#EA6 LN6L,G#\@%#H,@&7:(HMA E#)*x qby&AML4 ,\#u+<8+6d#)*#\ ]#Q1!@,@&7:#,G#54#D;"+u+< H"#;L#,\(%;P,G##&/( qbB"# '%()*D%E?W;LA6+!@4 5. Kính hiển vi lượng tử nhìn xuyên nguyên tử hydrogen "##&A#L:]!(%+ #:UD,#&8!:#,G!@6*&,-]8 (!/+4T;+C#&V*]#:U@? +,-#U.!@]DE%%+&,-%%#+#]E# o%#:U+!4[%#:U&,-&,!/#%z:;# @!/++@D8$]+!/H]h#(LfZf( +&E4 6. Duy trì trạng thái lượng tử trong 39 phút ở nhiệt độ phòng %N#9#+,-#U&/#;%#%+,-#U;:&( +7&?9#&,-MU+469#!:D^D%:8N!% +!&N%#%+,-#U@!7(:,@f#E4 % q{+%&>#B,G#T!I&V+!+!!/ %+!%7#!/!8#+;:]L+,-#U f##3nf49#:&V%W+*,@&7:+0E?!# f#8#'\,@"&8@A+,-#U.D%e9#?+! #]&,-4 3 7. Máy vi tính sợi carbon đầu tiên %N#+"#=#oM+!d#E;:p!/ #:U4 f#E%L&U8#,G%D#:+ f#E?&,-U;*#&?8%;*#*&U\$] #+,-#\4#%#H%&V%% ;*#*%DqMT+%&>#T|;&V%?!/ /568!@_-2}Q#NN#]&? 8!/!%:E]#+,"%!/'!A!4 8. Phân cực mode-B trong phông nền vi sóng vũ trụ E+!/%! 4s'&'#,G%L:!/ MZ~B%%#9#AE#)*x qbyD#+7!;k b4T7MZ:&V&,-;&%+7%E+%&,G# #,G?!h#+!%`!/+:8N#!9 C*=s@()*4 9. Ngưng tụ Bose-Einstein làm lạnh bằng laser đầu tiên u,\#%:AN#&?%#,#*b`axba yDA\]+ "##%+,-#U5!9D++!+!/L#:Ud#+&8 !/&/#'9#&/:&N&E_%#:UE#<+ %$+!+:\.4:D$%:NAG#+ !L&N%#:U&'4:!/&/&H#&'BI+TBH +'&'+!+!/ba W#d#+D&E+!/56$]\ AE?_%ba &,-U;*##AH#;*#^ \D?]+#:U4 Đồ thị mật độ electron (trục ngang) theo độ lớn từ trường theo số liệu của đội Columbia (Ảnh: C R Dean et al. Nature 10.1038/nature12186) j 10.Cánh bướm Hofstadter ở graphene •'j1!,@Dl#+J|;&V&,-%!H#+,-#(% +&F#!/,G##!/!#LZ0l8$]+!/ ]|+&~9#,%,@!4#%,@!&E&V&,-!L: #%#!,\#@%LZ0lD,#E,#&,- L:#!/6+Z84,##!:DE!#H&/ +6&?L:%,@!&E#%#4,E?L: ]&~+/#+m:BDf#G&-,@##H+ L&%#4 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk uJJ,'!#@2Ok20k0123 #>€+:kTheo physicsworld.com O . 10 thành tựu vật lí lớn nhất năm 2013 Physics World. e&/##01!D#6m+5 #H6+DE<!#!6 LN4E)#e&,-;X#&?#HLf#(%&LB %!+h%&L%4 9 thành tựu vật lí nổi bật khác trong năm 2013 là : 2. Hạt nhân hình quả lê [?62nn1D%6+&V##Gd#!/N7E;# !_!E;%,#%#"%'(f#4 &%&E&V&,-M%6#!:@;k000;!k00j4C+! %#o%EM%&P%L("#7+@D7 $]+<E?!#+!/,#%&!!+,p#&5U (!/#:UD%PL!&%Bq9

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