Individual essay nguyễn huỳnh phương lan AEn T321WSB 6 21000384 1

SCHOOL OF Western Sydney University ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET STUDENT DETAILS Student Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan name: Student ID number: UNIT AND TUTORIAL DETAILS Unit AEn unit name: Tutorial group: AEn unit Lecturer or Tutor Mr Gabriel C Ryan name: 21000384 Unit number: Tutorial day and time: T321WSB-6 Mon-Tue-Thu (8:00 – 11:15) ASSIGNMENT DETAILS Title: Individual Essay Assignment Length Due : 1398 words date: Home campus (where you are enrolled): 02/01/2022 Date submitted: 02/02/2022 Viet Nam DECLARATION I hold a copy of this assignment if the original is lost or damaged I hereby certify that no part of this assignment or product has been copied from any other student’s work or from any other source except where due acknowledgement is made in the assignment I hereby certify that no part of this assignment or product has been submitted by me in another (previous or current) assessment, except where appropriately referenced, and with prior permission from the Lecturer / Tutor / Unit Coordinator for this unit No part of the assignment/product has been written/produced for me by any other person except where collaboration has been authorised by the Lecturer / Tutor /Unit Coordinator concerned Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | I am aware that this work will be reproduced and submitted to plagiarism detection software programs for the purpose of detecting possible plagiarism (which may retain a copy on its database for future plagiarism checking) Student’s signature: Lan Note: An examiner or lecturer / tutor has the right to not mark this assignment if the above declaration has not been signed Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | INDIVIDUAL ESSAY THE EVOLUTION OF E-COMMERCE: BEFORE AND AFTER COVID-19 by Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan AEn-T321WSB-6 Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | Mr Gabriel C Ryan Western Sydney University Hồ Chí Minh City 02/01/2022 Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | Exposing to alternative technological advancements in transmission, operation, and maintenance, a broad range of possibilities were precisely accounted for with the growth of the Internet beginning in the 1990s (Santos et al, 2017) Acknowledging the potential, some businesses worldwide began to utilize online network platforms to communicate with their customers - initially, to disseminate products’ details, then to receive orders, and finally to distribute merchandises and services - up to the open arrival of e-commerce, which would cover even receipt and reverse logistics Manzoor (2010, p.2) had once stated that e-commerce is the term for applying electronic devices and technological improvements to supervise merchandise Henceforth, electronic commerce has widely spread all over the world and has become an indispensable utility Thereby, following the worldwide epidemic of Covid-19, which forced the majority of the world's population into lockdowns and quarantines, e-commerce (EC) was claimed to have peaked with numerous advantages This present article aims to outline a brief history of the beginning and evolution of electronic commerce, also highlight the significance elevation post-Covid-19 and the reasons for this evaluation To begin with, several scholars and stakeholders in the area have investigated and monitored the evolution of e-commerce Given the advances in information technology, Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | particularly with the emergence of the Internet, a wide variety of possibilities were perceived beginning in the 1990s, with a noted emphasis on communication E-commerce was believed to have its first phase in the 1970s when private correspondence networks were exclusively operated by major enterprises to conduct financial transactions and document exchanges electronically via electronic fund transfer systems (Galinari et al., 2015) (Albertin, 2012) believed that the evolution of EC could possibly be classified into four periods Organizations employed the Internet's features for information dissemination about their products and services in Phase One, which was the catalyst for the creation of EC The article also claimed that Phase Two consisted of accepting orders and giving information and instructions on how to use their products and services During this age, logistics began to have an influence on businesses According to the same author, phase three of the evolution was the use of information technology (IT) to distribute products and services Some products, including music and software, began to be sold digitally during this time Finally, the EC consolation phase begins with the interaction between the seller and the client, which is no longer limited to data transmission or product and service distribution Given the capabilities of EC, such engagement enabled the ordinary internet user to become a prospective customer with the advancement of IT and widespread usage of the Internet That instrument ushered in a Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | genuine revolution in how products, services, and information are sold, providing more convenience and a wider range of offers and possibilities for consumers, as well as sellers who participate in the market It is natural for businesses to experience structural changes, and globalization has contributed to this strong tendency Globalization has resulted in the rise of more contemporary styles of firm management as a result of increased competitiveness, the need to provide innovation, and rising customer expectations According to (Santos et al, 2017), in recent years, advances in broadband Internet connectivity have proven critical for the growth of EC Since 2012, when 3G and 4G technologies were introduced in Brazil, mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet PCs have had access to high-speed Internet Such technology makes it easier for customers to compare prices in different areas Some customers utilize that resource even while they are in physical locations, where they may interact with the goods and pick the purchasing channel of sales that best suits their needs The evolution of EC corresponds to the stages of digital environment evolution – an evolution that must be understood and ensured via the issues that must be considered when Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | utilizing the EC – with the goal of ensuring the usage of its contributions As a result, the progress of EC influences the development of information technology The implementation of EC phases in business operations is another dimension that completes the analysis of EC phases (Albertin, 2000) Electronic commerce, far from being a fad, became a reality in this way Modern businesses strive to adapt their structures to meet the needs of new customers, who are more concerned with comfort Therefore, using new technology to achieve this goal is a typical method At present, coronavirus has drastically transformed global trends A rapid change has occurred in every business It has altered humans’ behaviours, the nature of trading, business and even the way of life It fostered fear among people, causing them to avoid interacting with others and leading to the decline in the global economy Regardless, the fact that it has provided a significant boost to the growth of the electric industry, and e-commerce in specific, is beyond doubt According to (Bhatti et al, 2020), Walmart grocery e-commerce had increased by 74% in 2020 Likewise, although e-commerce in Pakistan had had a poor start in the 2000s with only 3% of the whole population purchasing their supplies online, it is reported that the number had enlarged by 10% in the daily record and 15% rise in internet users Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | On the contrary, isolation tactics and recommendations, according to (Pantelimon, 2020), have severely reduced client spending in physical businesses, e.g jewelry, retail healthcare, luxury goods, and tourism (Salem&Nor, 2020) discovered that there was a plunge in restaurants, groceries and brick and mortar retailers sales a few weeks after the Covid-19 outbreak in the U.S As a result, customers shifted their purchases from physical establishments to e-commerce A survey carried out by (Pantelimon, 2020) on 10,000 people worldwide reported that more than half of respondents in Vietnam, China, and India online purchases more frequently than before, followed by Italy with one-third of respondents However, the report also found that a high level of e-commerce already existing in Germany, France, Canada, Australia, the U.K and Japan might be the cause for less than 20% of respondents expecting changes in their online buying habits Moreover, online-based meeting rooms and apps had also gained popularity and highlygrown profit In 2020, as companies and organizations signed up for the video conferencing app such as Zoom, an online meeting platform, in order to accomplish remote-working during the pandemic, revenue surged more than 350% in the second quarter, and profits rocketed by nearly 10 times as much (He, 2020) Furthermore, the California-based video communication service Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | provider posted a net profit of $185.7 million for the quarter ended July 31 st, 2020, up about 3,300% compared to the previous year The quarter's revenue was $663.5 million, up 355% In addition to the trading and services businesses affected are sporting events that are now being played behind closed doors; out of view of the teeming spectators (Salem&Nor, 2020) Notwithstanding, electric commerce has seen another advantage since the Saudi Arabian spectators have been restricted to watching these games on televisions and live streaming via online networks The same case was also applied to concerts, shows, events, and festivals However, their profit somehow was on another level According to (Dong, 2020), K-pop idols’ virtual concerts have become a multi-million dollar occupation BTS, a K-pop boy band, had earned 18 million U.S dollars from 750,000 paid viewers worldwide without any transportation and physical stadium stage fees charged Due to the social-distancing limitations that prompted the production of sufficient equipment to suit living and leisure demands, it is clear that e-commerce has gained enormously as a natural outcome of the Covid-19 situation As a result, future projections on the severe Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | 10 expansion of EC, including the widespread use of remote-working a.k.a online-based enterprises communicating networks, and the dominance of A.I., are indisputable In conclusion, this essay provides a brief summary of the beginning and growth of electronic commerce dating back to the 19th century Presently, it also highlights the post-Covid19’s elevation relevance and the possible basis behind this assessment Indeed, alongside a skyrocket technological device and feasibilities’ extension, the development of e-commerce is inevitable, with the Covid-19 situation delivering an accelerating boost As can be seen, current social-distancing restrictions have been seen as the main cause for this elaboration Thereupon, the increase in the competitive nature of e-commerce will continue to push traditional stores towards digital adjustments Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | 11 References list Albertin, A L (2000) O comércio eletrụnico evolui e consolida-se no mercado brasileiro Revista de Administraỗóo de Empresas, 40(4), 94–102 Albertin, A L (2012) Comércio eletrônico: da evoluỗóo para as novas oportunidades GVexecutivo, 11(2), 6670 Bhatti, A., Akram, H., Basit, H M., Khan, A U., Mahwish, S., Mahwish, N., & Bilal, M (2020) E-commerce trends during COVID-19 Pandemic International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking https://doi.org/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342736799_Ecommerce_trends_during_COVID-19_Pandemic Dong, H S (n.d.) BTS and SuperM Online Concerts Keep K-Pop Industry Ticking over, but Smaller Acts Are Struggling, South China Morning Post Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | 12 https://doi.org/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3102334/bts-andsuperm-online-concerts-keep-k-pop-industry-ticking? module=perpetual_scroll_0&pgtype=article&campaign=3102334 He, L (2020) BTS and SuperM online concerts keep K-pop industry ticking over, but smaller acts are struggling Zoom Profit Skyrockets 3,300% on Remote Work Trend, CNN Business https://doi.org/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/09/01/tech/zoom-profits/index.html Galinari, R., Cervieri Júnior, O., Júnior, T., Rodrigues, J., Rawet, E L., & others (2015) Comércio eletrơnico, tecnologias móveis e mídias sociais no Brasil BNDES Setorial, Rio de Janeiro, (41) Retrieved from https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/handle/1408/4285 Manzoor, A (2010) E-commerce: An introduction Lambert Academic Publishing Pantelimon, F.-V., Georgescu, T M., & Posedaru, B.-S (2020) The impact of mobile ecommerce on GDP: A comparative analysis between Romania and Germany and how Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | 13 covid-19 influences the e-commerce activity worldwide Informatica Economica, 24(2/2020), 27–41 https://doi.org/10.24818/issn14531305/24.2.2020.03 Salem, M A., Nor, K (2020) The Effect Of COVID-19 On Consumer Behaviour In Saudi Arabia: Switching From Brick And Mortar Stores To E-Commerce International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(7) https://doi.org/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343448244_The_Effect_Of_CO VID19_On_Consumer_Behaviour_In_Saudi_Arabia_Switching_From_Brick_And_Mortar_S tores_To_E-Commerce Santos, V F., Sabino, L R., Morais, G M., & Goncalves, C A (2017) E-commerce: A short history follow-up on possible trends International Journal of Business Administration, 8(7), 130 https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v8n7p130 Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | 14 ... AND AFTER COVID -19 by Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan AEn- T321WSB- 6 Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | Mr Gabriel C Ryan Western Sydney University Hồ Chí Minh City 02/ 01/ 2022 Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | Exposing... and Germany and how Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | 13 covid -19 influences the e-commerce activity worldwide Informatica Economica, 24(2/2020), 27– 41 https://doi.org /10 .24 818 /issn145 313 05/24.2.2020.03... trends International Journal of Business Administration, 8(7), 13 0 https://doi.org /10 .5430/ijba.v8n7p130 Nguyễn Huỳnh Phương Lan | 14