A statistical approach to grammatical error correction

... commercial grammar checking software packages in a manual evaluation 1.2.4 Lexical Choice Error Correction with Paraphrases Virtually all existing approaches to grammatical error correction assume a ... have applicability to other languages as well 1.1 The Goal of Grammatical Error Correction So what specifically is the goal of automatic grammatical error correctio...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:11

... independently calculate the score, then the meta- classifier makes the final decision based on the scores (Figure 1b) 2.1 Meta- learning Meta- learning is a sequential learning process following the output ... disagrees with the observed article The meta- learning technique is applied to this task to deal with multiple corpora obtained from different sources A meta- classifie...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 17:20

... extensions to the rules for tree drawing and the inventory of hypertags were proposed, on the basis of problems encountered by the linguist in providing a satisfactory grammatical analysis of the ... set of hypertags and rules was devised, G.R Sampson began the task of drawing tree diagrams of the constituent analysis of sample sentences ca computer print-outs of the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 09:20

... Statistical Approach to Automatic Speech Summarization 135 Table 1: Examples of automatic summarization and the corresponding target extracted from a manual summarization word network In each summarization ... spontaneity of speech and errors in recognition A new approach to automatically summarizing speech is needed to solve these problems We have already pr...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... acknowledged that cell-cell interactions play a major role in tumorigenesis [18] Better understanding and estimating the nature of these interactions may play a key role for an early detection of cancer ... A, Iwasa Y: Possibility of tissue segregation caused by cell adhesion Journal of Theoretical Biology 2003, 221:459-474 Honda H, Yamanaka H, Eguchi G: Transformati...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... experimental study in Section Finally, we make concluding remarks and discuss future directions in Section Spelling- Correction Algorithm In this section, we describe our algorithm for spelling correction ... they can split into non-bigrams (without a huge index) and to handle simultaneous merging and splitting as in our running example (1) Furthermore, they translate bigram...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... vector Y Koppelman, J., Pietra, S D., Epstein, M., Roukos, S., and Ward, T "A statistical approach to language modeling for the ATIS task ." Eurospeech 1995, Madrid Levin, E., and Pieraccini, R "CHRONUS: ... S., and Makhoul, J "Developing an Evaluation Methodology for Spoken Language Systems ." Speech and Natural Language Workshop, Hidden Valley, Pennsylvania, 102-108...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:21

... this approach achieves the best result within certain distortion limit and is therefore not a good model for global reordering There are a few attempts to the preprocessing approach to reordering ... Papineni 2006 Distortion Models for Statistical Machine Translation Proceedings for ACL 2006 Michael Collins, Philipp Koehn, and Ivona Kucerova 2005 Clause Restructuring fo...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

... Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2009, 51:36 Background Files with information on animal disease have a variety of applications at both the herd and national level, including monitoring the incidence ... the aim was to reveal perceptions and reasoning behind generation of data and to describe the interaction and relations between the recording of metritis scores and...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:45

... international normalized ratio (INR), and a liver panel Although the serum aminotransferase level correlates poorly with liver histology, the ratio of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase ... there are instances when immuno-competency is in question, a negative antiHCV can be further evaluated by a HCV RNA test HCV RNA can be measured either quantitativel...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 09:51

... sensitive to LAM treatment [16] Indications of HBV Treatment Historically, levels of HBV DNA and ALT, and histological activity of liver biopsy have been used as the three main factors to determine ... [1-3] Through a systematic review of the literature, this article is aimed to provide a step-wise updated and practical clinical approach to management of CHB Clinical P...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 09:41

... However, Feynman soon learned that there was a great obstacle to this delayed action-at -a- distance theory: namely, if a radiating electron, say in an atom or an antenna, were not acted upon at all by ... give an excellent analytic historical account in Variational Principles in Dynamics and Quantum Theory (Saunders, Philadelphia, 3rd edn., 1968) xii Feynman’s Thesis — A New...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2012, 11:21

... adjectives with the definitions of adjectives and their semantic and syntactic functions of English adjectives Chapter III is a study to a new approach to semantic and syntactic functions of English adjectives ... Graduation paper Declaration Title: A new approach to semantic and syntactic functions of English adjectives...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2013, 14:46

... capturing and reinvesting IT project savings in a measurable way IT and the projects that create it are going to be an increasingly integral part of modern life in the years to come Most organizations ... explain how OD can address these issues; present a model for managing and practicing OD in an IT environment; describe how to use the model to...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:20