a statistical approach to spoken dialog systems design and evaluation

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Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... components that are key to success ● HAZOP and FMEA approaches Hazard and Operability studies and Failure Modes Effects Analysis are quantitative technical failure analysis techniques ● SWOT and PESTLE ... assurance available to the Board and the audit committee. An evaluation of the level of assurance that has been obtained is also necessary. Often, a major source of risk assurance for the Board ... this may need to be developed into a set of targets for health and safety performance. There is a danger that risk appetite statements fail to be dynamic, and they can constrain behaviour and rapid...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 12:20

... Approach to Water Conservation Water quality is also decreasing and so far has not made the headlines. This alone could bring about a water crisis according to the 2006 Stockholm Water Laureate ... the capital and operating costs as well as the associated financial costs and dividends to share- holders. Only recently have governments started using the pricing mechanism as a demand management ... 2.3.3.2 Hardness, Calcium and Magnesium Calcium Ca 2+  and magnesium Mg 2+  give water its hardness. Hard water is difficult to lather and therefore hardness is a measure of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+...

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Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... have been made on the mold cooling analysis. There are mainly two approaches considered for the mold cooling analysis: cycle- averaged approach and transient approach. In cycle-averaged approach, ... more powerful tool integrating the cooling analysis and optimization programs into the design process. Using such a tool, a design can be improved systematically, automatically and efficiently. The analysis ... system design analyze d via boundary element models. In this paper, a fast quasi-global optimization approach based on a hybrid combining the simulated annealing and the DFP method, namely SA–DFP,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 22:20

... Roberto Navigli, and Paola Velardi. 2002. Integrated approach to web ontology learning and engineering. In IEEE Computer - November. Ian Niles and Adam Pease. 2001. Towards a standard upper ontology. ... Loos, and Rainer Malaka. 2006. Towards a separation of prag- matic knowledge and contextual information. In Proceedings of ECAI-06 Workshop on Contexts and Ontologies, Lago di Garda, Italy. Klaus ... Cam- bridge, MA. Alexander Maedche and Steffen Staab. 2004. Ontol- ogy learning. In Steffen Staab and Rudi Studer, ed- itors, Handbook on Ontologies, International Hand- books on Information Systems. ...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... Powerful Language Models from Small and Large Corpora." IEEE ICASSP, 33-36. Price, P. " ;Evaluation of Spoken Language Systems: the ATIS Domain." Speech and Natural Language Workshop, ... techniques, and to extend the statistical models to additional linguistic phenomena such as quantification and anaphora resolution. 8. Acknowledgments We wish to thank Robert Ingria for his ... model must span is large. A common approach in non -statistical natural language systems is to bridge this gap by introducing intermediate representations such as parse structure and pre-discourse...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:21

... Corpus-Centered Approach to Spoken Language Translation Eiichiro SUMITA, Yasuhiro AKIBA, Takao DO!, Andrew FINCH, Kenji IMAMURA, Michael PAUL, Mitsuo SHIMOHATA, and Taro WATANABE ATR Spoken Language Translation ... word-error-rate (Watanabe et al., 200 2a) . Imamura et al. (2003) proposed a calculation that measures the literalness of a translation pair and called it TCR. After the word alignment of a translation pair, ... Ranks 2 : HUMAN rank: In our evaluation, 9 translators who are native speakers of the target language ranked the MT translations into 4 ranks: A, B, C, and D, from good to bad (Sumita et al.,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... Conclusions MDA supports a formal, iterative approach to design and tuning. It allows us to reason explicitly about particular design goals, and to anticipate how changes will impact each aspect ... A Designer Player The designer and player each have a different perspective. 1. Sensation Game as sense-pleasure 2. Fantasy Game as make-believe 3. Narrative Game as drama 4. Challenge ... content and play experience, and back. We propose the MDA framework as a tool to help designers, researchers and scholars perform this translation. MDA Games are created by designers/teams...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 16:20

... phrase-based approach has been considered the default strategy to Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) in recent years. It is widely known that the phrase-based approach is powerful in local lexical choice ... decoder The data needed by our Pharaoh-like decoder are translation table and language model. Our 5-gram language model is trained by the SRI language mod- eling toolkit (Stolcke, 2002). The translation ... Interna- tional Conference on Spoken Language Understand- ing 2002. Christoph Tillmann. 2004. A Unigram Orientation Model for Statistical Machine Translation. Proceed- ings for ACL 2004. Fei Xia, and...

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Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... into potential errors (bias and random error) related to data based on clinical examina- Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2009, 51:36 http://www.actavetscand.com/content/51/1/36 Page 8 of 10 (page ... of variation and bias in relation to monitoring of animal disease incidence on herd and national level, causal analysis on national level, as well as estimation of validated treatment criteria. Monitoring ... metritis' that relate to the quality of the data that are produced. We analyse and build &apos ;a model of understanding' based on DBL's observations and the indi- vidual veterinarians'...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:45

... international normalized ratio (INR), and a liver panel. Although the serum aminotransferase level correlates poorly with liver histology, the ratio of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine ... HCC, and mortality. In addition, HCV infection has been linked to a variety of extra-hepatic manifestations such as autoimmune diseases, lymphoma, monoclonal gammopathies and cryoglobulinemia. ... International Publisher. All rights reserved Review A Practical Approach to Managing Patients with HCV Infection Richard H. Huang, and Ke-Qin Hu Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 09:51