A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 75 potx

... for input and output, string, and container classes. The classes string, istream, ostream, iostream, and so on are instantiations for the char type. The standard library also includes an algorithm ... using a parameter instead of a concrete type. A class template can provide a generic definition that can be used to represent various types of arrays, for example. During instantiation...

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... 279 sample program, 278 Standard output, 59 Standard settings, 65 Star character, 233 State flags, 645, 647 Statements, 9 Static arrays, 325 Static binding, 551 Static data members, 304, 305 accessing, ... 164 comparing, 158 concatenating, 156, 157 escape sequences used in, 29 initializing, 154, 155 inserting and erasing in, 160, 161 numbers converted to, 288 output of, 68, 69 searching an...

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... <iostream> using namespace std; int gVar1; // Global variables, int gVar2 = 2; // explicit initialization int main() { char ch(&apos ;A& apos;); // Local variable being initialized // or: char ch = &apos ;A& apos;; cout ... records are stored in variables to enable their processing by a program. Variables are also referred to as objects, particularly if they belong to a clas...

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... This makes the string class available and allows user- friendly string manipulations in C++. The following pages contain further details on this topic. ᮀ Header Files in the C Programming Language The ... header files standardized for the C programming language were adopted for the C++ standard and, thus, the complete functionality of the standard C libraries is available to C...

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... operator has a value and belongs to a certain type. The type and value are defined by the last expression in a statement separated by commas. Example: x = (a = 3, b = 5, a * b); In this example ... can define and initialize a variable within an if statement. The expression is true if converting the variable’s value to a bool type yields true. In this case the variable i...

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... particularly applies to converting negative floating- point numbers to unsigned integers (see Example 4). c. Conversion of a floating-point type to a smaller type If the floating-point number falls ... long to float, some rounding may occur. 4. Conversion of a floating-point type to a larger floating-point type Examples: float to double, double to long double The value i...

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... always static. These objects are created when a program is launched and are available until the program is terminated. Four storage classes are available for creating objects with the scope and ... central objects defined as extern. ✓ NOTE 204 ■ CHAPTER 11 ST0RAGE CLASSES AND NAMESPACES // StrToL.cpp // The function strToLong() converts a string containing // a leading integer into an i...

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... 2 Write a program that uses the cin method get() to read a line character by character and stores it in a char array.The line is then output in reverse order. Use a pointer, not an index, to address ... tool called search, to which you can pass any search pattern via the command line.The program should issue an error message and terminate if the command line does not conta...

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... example is a linked list that is stored in main memory and has the following characteristics: ■ each list element contains a data store for the live data and a pointer to the next element in the ... Data Structures Now, let’s implement a linked list as a sample application. A linked list is a dynamic data structure that allows easy insertion and deletion of data. A data...

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... selectionSort(). inline void swap( int& a, int& b) // To swap. { int temp = a; a = b; b = temp; } void selectionSort( int *arr, int len) { register int *p, *minp; // Pointer to array elements, int *last ... os; } 477 Dynamic Members This chapter describes how to implement classes containing pointers to dynamically allocated memory.These include ■ your own copy constructor...

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