A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 71 pptx

... element in the array. Since each element in the array is a pointer, this pointer variable must be a pointer to a pointer. ᮀ Generating Pointer Arrays Dynamically Now let’s look into creating a dynamic ... necessary if ■ an array of pointers is to be dynamically allocated, or ■ a function expects an array of pointers as an argument. In both cases you need to declare a p...

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... the C programming language: ++ is the increment operator in C. As early as 1989 an ANSI Committee (American National Standards Institute) was founded to standardize the C++ programming language. ... functionality of the C programming language. This means that you have all the features that are avail- able in C: ■ universally usable modular programs ■ efficient, close to the ma...

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... character '\0' in a char array. When you define an array, you can use a string constant to initialize the array. Example: char name[] = "Hugo"; This definition is equivalent ... 0; } ■ INITIALIZING ARRAYS Sample program 326 ■ CHAPTER 16 ARRAYS String text Index: 01234567891011 'H' 'e' 'l' 'l' 'o' ' ' &apos...

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... ios class uses state flags to define the various states a file can assume. Each state flag corresponds to a single bit in a status-word, which is represented by the iostate type in the ios class. ... ios::badbit ). . . The clear() method is available for clearing the status-word. If you call clear() without any arguments, all the state flags are cleared. An argument of the iosta...

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... coded data can be found in file access rights or the status-word of a stream. To access bit coded data, you need to be able to read or modify individual bits. C++ has six bitwise operators to perform ... OPERATORS ■ 707 ᮀ Bit Coding Data In cases where conservative use of memory is imperative, data often need to be bit coded, a technique to represent information as indiv...

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... want to transfer part of a container, the third and fourth arguments must contain the starting and end position. You cannot use a splice operation to insert at a position before begin() or after end(). INSERTING ... Allocator > map< Key, T, Compare, Allocator > multimap< Key, T, Compare, Allocator > <set> <set> <map> <map> ■ ASSOCIATIVE CONTA...

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... Operators: Cast Operators: Operators for Storage Allocation Other Operators: scope resolution operator subscript operator indirection operator class member access operators pointer to member operators :: [] * . .* -> ->* C ... member operators :: [] * . .* -> ->* C cast operator dynamic cast operator static cast operator const cast operator reinterpret cast operator conditional...

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... ■ LITERATURE International Standard ISO/IEC 14882, Programming Languages C++; published by American National Standards Institute, New York NY, 1998. International Standard ISO/IEC 9899:1999(E), Programming ... iterators, 755 Binary arithmetic operators, 82, 83 Binary bitwise operators, 713 Binary complement, 143 Binary mode file opened in, 638 Binary operator, 415, 417 and operands, 82...

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... 279 sample program, 278 Standard output, 59 Standard settings, 65 Star character, 233 State flags, 645, 647 Statements, 9 Static arrays, 325 Static binding, 551 Static data members, 304, 305 accessing, ... 164 comparing, 158 concatenating, 156, 157 escape sequences used in, 29 initializing, 154, 155 inserting and erasing in, 160, 161 numbers converted to, 288 output of, 68, 69 searching an...

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... strings illustrate how to use pointers for efficient programming, and that string access via the command line of an application program is used to illustrate pointer arrays. Chapter 18 explains ... each lan- guage element. In addition, filter programs and case studies introduce the reader to a wide range of application scenarios. To gain command over a programming language,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21