A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 4 pot

... correctly interpreting the codes. The C++ language does not stipulate any particular characters set, although in gen- eral a character set that contains the ASCII code (American Standard Code for Informa- tion ... returning a value of 0 as an exit code to the calling program. It is standard practice to use the exit code 0 to indicate that a program has terminated correctly. No...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... for classes, 44 1 -45 2 ambiguities of type conversions, 44 6 -44 7 conversion constructors, 44 2 -44 3 conversion functions, 44 4 -44 5 INDEX ■ 823 Type conversions, 43 , 146 ambiguities of, 44 6, 44 7 in assignments, ... Random access iterators, 755 Random file access, 381, 639 positioning for, 640 , 641 , 642 , 643 Random number generator initializing, 44 , 45 Random position...

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... literal 5.19 0.519E1 0.0519e2 519.OE-2 12. 12.0 .12E+2 12e0 0.75 .75 7.5e-1 75E-2 0.000 04 0.4e -4 .4E -4 4E-5 Constant Character Constant Value (ASCII code decimal) Capital A Lowercase a Blank Dot Digit 0 Terminating null character 65 97 32 46 48 0 &apos ;A& apos; &apos ;a& apos; ' ... referred to as floating-point numbers. In contrast to integers, floating-point numbers...

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... records are stored in variables to enable their processing by a program. Variables are also referred to as objects, particularly if they belong to a class. ᮀ Defining Variables A variable must ... <iostream> using namespace std; int gVar1; // Global variables, int gVar2 = 2; // explicit initialization int main() { char ch(&apos ;A& apos;); // Local variable being initializ...

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... This makes the string class available and allows user- friendly string manipulations in C++. The following pages contain further details on this topic. ᮀ Header Files in the C Programming Language The ... header files standardized for the C programming language were adopted for the C++ standard and, thus, the complete functionality of the standard C libraries is available to C...

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... operator has a value and belongs to a certain type. The type and value are defined by the last expression in a statement separated by commas. Example: x = (a = 3, b = 5, a * b); In this example ... can define and initialize a variable within an if statement. The expression is true if converting the variable’s value to a bool type yields true. In this case the variable i...

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... particularly applies to converting negative floating- point numbers to unsigned integers (see Example 4) . c. Conversion of a floating-point type to a smaller type If the floating-point number falls ... long to float, some rounding may occur. 4. Conversion of a floating-point type to a larger floating-point type Examples: float to double, double to long double The valu...

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... copying, con- catenation, and comparison. Additionally, various methods for string manipulation such as insertion, erasing, searching, and replacing are available. ᮀ Initializing Strings A string, ... defining strings we will also look at the various methods of string manipulation.These include inserting and erasing, searching and replacing, comparing, and concatenating strings. chapter 9 1...

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... always static. These objects are created when a program is launched and are available until the program is terminated. Four storage classes are available for creating objects with the scope and ... central objects defined as extern. ✓ NOTE 2 04 ■ CHAPTER 11 ST0RAGE CLASSES AND NAMESPACES // StrToL.cpp // The function strToLong() converts a string containing // a leading integer into an...

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... passed via the command line. The program name is one of these, so argc will have a value of at least 1. The parameter argv is an array of char pointers: argv[0] points to the program name (and ... elements are pointers. An array of this type is referred to as a pointer array. Example: Account* accPtr[5]; The array accPtr contains five Account pointers accPtr[0], accPtr[1], , accPtr [4...

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