A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 3 pptx

... the C programming language: ++ is the increment operator in C. As early as 1989 an ANSI Committee (American National Standards Institute) was founded to standardize the C++ programming language. ... functionality of the C programming language. This means that you have all the features that are avail- able in C: ■ universally usable modular programs ■ efficient, close to the ma...

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... 0; } arr[0] arr[1] arr[2] arr[9] . . . . . . ■ DEFINING ARRAYS The array arr in memory Sample program DEFINING ARRAYS ■ 32 3 An array contains multiple objects of identical types stored sequentially ... character '\0' in a char array. When you define an array, you can use a string constant to initialize the array. Example: char name[] = "Hugo"; This definition i...

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... ios class uses state flags to define the various states a file can assume. Each state flag corresponds to a single bit in a status-word, which is represented by the iostate type in the ios class. ... ios::badbit ). . . The clear() method is available for clearing the status-word. If you call clear() without any arguments, all the state flags are cleared. An argument of the iosta...

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... element in the array. Since each element in the array is a pointer, this pointer variable must be a pointer to a pointer. ᮀ Generating Pointer Arrays Dynamically Now let’s look into creating a dynamic ... necessary if ■ an array of pointers is to be dynamically allocated, or ■ a function expects an array of pointers as an argument. In both cases you need to declare a p...

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... coded data can be found in file access rights or the status-word of a stream. To access bit coded data, you need to be able to read or modify individual bits. C++ has six bitwise operators to perform ... lowercase and capital letters, and converting binary numbers. Finally, the definition of bit-fields is introduced. chapter 31 SOLUTIONS ■ 7 03 Matrix:: Matrix( const Matrix&a...

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... want to transfer part of a container, the third and fourth arguments must contain the starting and end position. You cannot use a splice operation to insert at a position before begin() or after end(). INSERTING ... highest priority. The runtime is constant in all cases. 768 ■ CHAPTER 33 CONTAINERS Container Class Representing set< class T, class Compare = less<T>, cla...

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... character 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F (BLANK) ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6...

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... 566 virtual assignment in, 572, 5 73 dynamic storage allocation for, 460, 461 encapsulating, 33 3 initializing, 32 4, 32 5 length of, 35 7 member, 33 2 multidimensional, 33 0, 33 1 name and address of, 35 1 parameters ... 32 3 pointers interrelated with, 35 2 Arrays appending/deleting in, 485 as arguments, 35 6 as array elements, 33 1 class FloatArr, 427 class representing, 426...

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... 145 performing, 142 V va_arg() macro arguments of, 687 valarray class, 48 Variables defining, 33 defining in if statements, 105 names of, 31 pointer, 6 83 sample program, 32 Variable type, 77 Vector, 32 3 vector ... 279 sample program, 278 Standard output, 59 Standard settings, 65 Star character, 233 State flags, 645, 647 Statements, 9 Static arrays, 32 5 Static binding, 551 Stati...

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... strings illustrate how to use pointers for efficient programming, and that string access via the command line of an application program is used to illustrate pointer arrays. Chapter 18 explains ... each lan- guage element. In addition, filter programs and case studies introduce the reader to a wide range of application scenarios. To gain command over a programming language,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21