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4 Chinh sach quan ly bao chia VietNam
4.1 Du-ang loi cua Dang ve bao chi
Theo li luan bao chi a Viet Nam, -linh Dang la nguven ik cua bao chi
each mang - do la kim chi nam cho boat dong bao chi cua nude ta. mgt d^t nuae xa hgi chu nghTa voi muc tieu phat triln cua dan. do dan va vi dan". "Moi nin bao chi, moi to bao. tham chi la moi nha bao diu mang trong minh tinh khuynh huong. Khuynh huong co nghTa la bao ehi huong ngoi but cua minh vao d6i tugng nao, bao ve loi ich va phuc vu Igi ich cua d6i tugng nao. Trong xa hoi eo giai cap, tinh khuynh huong bgc 16 6 eho bao chi phuc vu va bao ve Igi ich ciia giai cap nao. Bao ehi each mang Viet Nam thira nhan khuynh hucVng nhu mot t^t ylu, trong do bao chi vuon toi tinh Dang, cong khai bao ve Igi ich ciia Dang, ciia nhan dan truoc mui nhgn tien eong eiia ke thu. Su thi hien cua tinh Dang trong hoat dgng bao chi Viet Nam chinh la nguyen tie Dang lanh dao hoat done bao chi".
Dieu le Dang Cgng san Viet Nam ghi ro: "Dang Cgng san Viet Nam la doi tien phong eiia giai cap cong nhan. dong thoi la doi tien phong cua nhan dan lao dgng va ciia dan toe Viet Nam va ciia lao va dan toe". Nhan thirc diing dan ve muc dich cua giai cap eong nhan. cua nhan dan nham phuc vu con nguoi. sir menh ciia Dang Cgng san Viet Nam cung la phuc vu con nguoi. Bao chi hoat dgng duoi su lanh dao ciia Dang la mot tat yeu.
Theo Cuong ITnh va Dieu le chinh thirc dugc cong bo. Dang cong san Viet Nam
lay chii nghTa Marx-Lenin (Marxism-Leninism) va Tu tuong Ho Chi Minh lam kim chi
nam cho moi hoat dong ciia Dang. Trong tac pham "To chuc Dang va \ an hgc ciia Dang", Lenin vilt: "Van hgc va bao chi phai tro thanh nhirng co quan ciia to
chirc Dang. Cac nha xuk ban cac kho sach. cac hieu sach va phong dgc sach, cac
thu vien va cac noi ban sach bao - tat ca nhung thir do phai la ciia Dang, chju trach nhiem truoc Dang" .
Nhirng tu tuong can ban vl sir menh cua bao chi each mang. nguven tac tinh Dang trong boat dong bao chi o nuoc ta dugc nhieu lanh tu. nhieu nha nghien ciru dl cap trong cac tac pham trucrc tac, trong cac luan cuong, bai \iet ciia minh.
Dang lanh dao Bao chi bang dinh InnVng chinh trj. dinh hucVng tu tuong. dinh huong thong tin, thong qua \iec kilm tra. uon nan \iec thuc hien djnh huirng do tir cac t6 chirc Dang va cac Dang \ien trong co quan bao chi. theo phuong chain: "Bao chi la cong cu tu tuong sac ben cua Dang, la tieng noi cua Dang, ciia Nha nuoc, ciia cac t6 chirc xa hgi, la dii-n dan ciia nhan dan". Bao chi boat clgnu duoi sir lanh dao ciia Dang, su quan ly \e mat Nha nuoc \a hoat dong trong khuon kli6 1 liln phap, I'hap luat cua Nha nuoc phap qu>cn XllCN.
tim§ ttP wi> w
Dang lanh dao nha nuac va xa hoi bang to chuc cua minh trong cac ca quan, dan vi. Nguyen tac to chuc cua Dang la tap trung. dan chu. He thdng Dang dugc xay dung tu Trung uomg tai dia phuang. Tren ca sa do Dang lanh dao bao chi bang cac to chuc Dang phu trach ITnh vuc bao chi truyin thong tu tren xu6ng duai.
Hoat dong cua ban chap hanh Trung uong Dang thi hien su lanh dao moi mat xa hoi. Theo nguyen tac Dang lanh dao hoat dong bao chi. thi tham muu giup viec cho Ban chap hanh Trung uomg la cac ban chuyen mon. Ban Tuyen giao Trung uomg c6 nhiem vu giup viec, tham muu. chi dao true tiep cong lac tu tuang van hoa cua Dang. Vu Bao chi thuoc Ban Tuyen giao Trung uang la to chuc chuyen trach ITnh vuc bao chi truyen thong. He thong lanh dao ciia Dang
l> -I t r t
doi vai hoat dong bao chi dugc to chuc chat che. thong nhat tir tren xuong duai. Theo nguyen tac tap the lanh dao, ca nhan phat Irien. duang huong chu Irucmg dugc tap the Dang thong qua, bieu hien y chi ciia toan dan. ca nhan phai trien de dam bao cong viec dugc thuc hien sau sat.
4.2 He thong phap luat ciia nha nuoc Viet Nam ve hoat dong bao chi.
Duong 16i cua Dang va phap luat ciia Nha nuoc Viet Nam luon gan bo mat thiet, khong tach rcri.
Quan ly Nha nuoc doi voi boat dgng bao chi dugc thuc hien tren nhieu mat. nhilu phuong dien ma ehii ylu nhat la ngi dung: Xay dung, thuc hien chien luoe, quy hoach. kl hoach phat triln su nghiep bao chi. ban hanh va to chirc thuc hien cac van ban quy pham phap luat ve bao chi: to chirc thong tin cho bao chi, quan ly thong tin cua bao chi, dao tao. b6i duong. nang cao trinh do cho doi ngu can bg bao chi; t6 chirc. quan ly boat dgng khoa hoc cong nghe trong ITnh vuc bao chi: cSp. thu hdi gi4y phep boat dgng bao chi. the nha bao: quan ly hcTp tac qude tl vl bao chi; kilm tra bao ehi luu chilu. quan ly kho luu chieu bao chi; to chirc eong tac khen thuong boat dgng bao chi. huong dan. thanh tra. kiem tra viec thuc hiC-n 1 uat Bao chi...
Viec quan ly dugc thuc bien tren nIn tang he thdng van ban phap luat voi nhung ITnh vuc chinh:
4.2.1 He thong Luat Bao chi va cac van ban phap luat:
Thuc hiC-n vai tri) quan ly vT mo vl bao ehi. Chinh phii da ban hanh Nghj dinh quv dinh chi tilt thi hanh Luat Bao ehi. cac van ban phap quy ve bao ch. va Siam sa't NICC thuc thi Luat Bao chi trong cugc song. Thu tucmg Chinh phu ky ban hanh cac chithi mang tinh hoach dinh chien luge phat tnen bao ch. cung nhu
quan ly bao chi. ^^ so cua he thdng quan ly phap luat nay dugc quy dinh bo.
^ 09 1 liln phap Nude Cong hoa xa hdi chu nghia Vivt Nam: ^ . . C hinh phu 1 dnu nhat quan Iv boat ddng bao chi ^ a phan cdng quan ly bao ch. cho cac Bg. I ' r nganh cap dudi nham thuc hien quan ly thdng suot tu Trung ucmg to. d.a phutrng".
Bd Thdng tin - Truyen thdng la eo quan chirc nang thugc Chinh phu. dugc Chinh phu giao trach nhiem true tiep quan ly Nha nude ve bao ehi. Mdt trong nhOrng nhiem vu chinh cua Bd Thdng tin Truyen thdng la td chirc thuc hien cac hoat ddng ciia bao ehi trong khudn khd luat phap. Bd chiu trach nhiem trudc Chinh phii trong viec soan thao du an luat. van ban dudi luat. chinh sach. che do ve bao chi. Cac van ban tren sau khi duoc Bd Thdng tin Truven thdng phe duvet, neu dugc 2/3 tdng sd dai bieu Qude hdi tan thanh se dugc thdng qua thanh luat. He thdng Luat Bao ehi da dugc ban hanh gdm: Luat ve che do bao chi nam 1957. Luat Bao chi 1990, Luat sira ddi, bd sung mdt sd dieu ciia Luat Bao chi nam 1999. Hien nay, boat ddng bao chi ciia nude ta dang dugc dieu chinh trong khudn khd ciia Luat sira ddi, bd sung mdt sd dieu ciia Luat Bao chi nam 1999.
Sau khi Luat Bao chi dugc Qude hdi thdng qua. Thii tudng Chinh phii se ban hanh cac nghi dinh quy dinh chi tiet thi hanh Luat. Cac co quan quan ly nha nude vl bao chi cd nhiem vu thi hanh Luat Bao chi. kiem tra viec thuc hien phap luat, chinh sach. chi do vl bao chi doi vdi co quan bao chi d dia phucmg. Thuc hien quan ly nha nude ddi vdi boat ddng bao ehi Trung uong va bao chi dja phuong khac boat ddng tai dja phuong .ninh theo uy quyen ciia Bd I'hdng tin Truyen thdng.
Ngoai Luat Bao ehi. cac co quan quan ly Nha nude ve bao ehi cd quyen ban va trach nhiem ban hanh. hudng dan. td chirc th^c hien cac van ban dudi Luat do minh dl ra. Cac van ban qu\ pham phap luat \e bao chi phai phii ht.rp vdi Luat Bao chi va thilt thuc vdi thuc tien boat ddng bao chi dia phuong.
4.2.2 Quan ly thong tin bao chi, giay phep hoat dong bao chi bang he thong van ban phap luat. van ban phap luat.
Nha nude dinh hudng vi md vl eo ehi quan ly thdng tin bao chi. td chirc thdng tin cho bao chi mdt each nghiem tuc theo cac quy djnh cua Luat Bao chi. Td chirc thdna tin cho bao chi duge hieu la su dinh hucVng cho bao ehi nen Met cai ei khdne vilt cai ai. Quan ly thdng tin bao chi la kiem tra. giam sat thong tin trenVae loai^hinh bao chi. Vice tc^ chirc thdng tin cho bao chi va quan 1> thong tin cua bao chi khdng thi va khdng dugc hieu la su kiem duyet bao chi.
Bd Thdng tin Truyin thdng la co quan c§p giay phep hoat ddng bao chi
eho cac CO quan bao chi d Trung ucrng. So Thdng tin Truyen thong cac tinh.
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hanh Luat sua ddi. bd sung mdt sd dieu ciia Luat Bao chi.
ra uum bao ehi N i pham cac quy djnh eiia Luat Bao ehi nhu vi pham quy
dinb vl ; . ' ^ ' ho^t d ^ g bao chi. ve nhirng diOu khdng dugc t h ^ nn tren
:• . ^ thi t,.v theo tinh chat mire dd vi pham ma bi canh cao, phat ticn. thu
h^u!::,, >,!'"pi.am ; ; ; t .^ ^ta gM«.-. .'^. Hi„h. m... .„.n HO^C
Ihu giay phep theo quy dinh cua phap luat. Viec xir phat vi pham hanh chinh trong hoat dgng bao chi, xuat ban dugc thuc hien theo Nghi dinh s6 02/2011/ND-CP do Chinh phu ban hanh ngay 06/01/2011.
4.2.3 Quan ly hoat dong bao chi bSng phap luat tren cac phu^ang tien khac.
Trong cac hoat dgng phong phu. da dang cua bao chi dugc phap luat quy djnh dieu chinh con the hien nhi^u ITnh vuc khac nhu: quan ly v^ khoa hgc cong nghe ung dung trong ITnh vuc bao chi (bao g6m dAu tu Ihi^t bi. may moc. he thong truyen din, cong sual may phat...). quan ly v§ hgp lac qu6c t^ (bao gdm cac boat dgng bao chi co lien quan den nuac ngoai va hoat dgng bao chi nuac ngoai tai Viet Nam), quan ly viec cap the nha bao. quan ly l6 chuc khen Ihuang ky luat trong hoat dgng bao chi, quan ly viec huong dan thanh ki^m tra viec thuc hien Luat bao chi...
Bao chi la mgt trong so it nhijrng nganh dugc nha nuac dac biet chu trgng. quan tam. Rat nhieu cac nghi quyet, chinh sach cua Nha nuac dugc ban hanh nham quan ly co hieu qua hoat dgng bao chi. Luat Bao chi cung da di vao cugc song, gan gui va gan bo vai hoat dgng bao chi.
Nhu da trinh bay a tren. Dang lanh dao hoat dong bao chi a Vict Nam.
Duang 16i ciia Dang vai hoal dgng bao chi Viet Nam do la su dinh hmVng cho mgt n^n bao chi each mang, thuc su tra thanh co quan ngon luan ciia Dang. Nha nuac va la dien dan cua nhan dan. Tren linh than do. bao chi lu giac va kien quyet dung tren lap truang cua Dang, tra thanh tieng noi the hien quyen Igi ciia mgi tSng lap nhan dan lao dgng. bao chi chiu su lanh dao ciia Dang va tuyen truyc^n thuc hien duang 16i, chinh sach ciia Dang Cgng san Viet Nam.