BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
TIẾT 22: Relative pronouns replaced by participle and To-infinitive
Ôn lại các cách lợc bỏ đại từ quan hệ . Gồm 4 cách học sinh bắt buộc phải ghi nhớ Yêu cầu:
Các dạng bài tập chọn đáp án theo các cách lợc bỏ đại từ quan hệ đó Nội dung
Omission of relative pronouns:
Ex: The man whom (that) you met yesterday is my uncle.
The man you met yesterday is my uncle.
The bicycle which (that) I have just bought is blue.
The bicycle I have just bought is blue.
Form:
(whom / which làm túc từ thì có thể lược bỏ)
THAY THế MĐQH
- Nếu Verb ở MĐQH ở năng động -> bỏ who, whom, which, that và dùng hình thức V-ing - Nếu Verb ở MĐQH ở bị động -> bỏ who, whom, which, that và dùng hình thức V3/ed
- Nếu N trước MĐQH có the last, the second… so sánh nhất * rút gọn MĐQH bằng to-inf ( nếu câu năng động) * Rút gọn MĐQH bằng to be V3/ ed ( nếu câu bị động) Ex : 1. I live in a house which was built 30 years ago
I live in a house built 30 years ago 2. The boy who is playing guitar is Ben
The boy playing guitar is Ben
3. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith
The first person to see is Mr. Smith
4. This is the second person who was killed in that way
This is the second person to be killed in that way
KINDS REDUCED EXAMPLES
whom / which + S + V (O)
FORMS
Chủ động V-ing The man who spoke to John is my brother.
The man speaking to John is my brother.
Bị động V3, ed The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.
The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
Số thứ tự, the next, the last, the only, superlatives
(so sánh nhất)
To V To be V3, ed
Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.
Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
Exercise 1: choose the best option:
1) I talked to the girl... car had broken down in front of the shop
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
2) Mr Richards, ... is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
3) We often visit our aunt in Norwich ... is in East Anglia.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
4) “Have you ever met the man...over there?” “No. Who is he?”
A. stands B. is standing C. standing D. who he is standing 5) The boy...the piano is my son.
A. who is playing B. that is playing C. playing D. All are correct 6) Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman ...governor in the United States.
A. who elected B. to be elected C. was elected D. her election as 7) That's Peter; the boy...has just arrived at the airport.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
8) Could I borrow the book ...on Saturday at the bookshop.
A. which bought B. bought C. buying D. was bought 9) Thank you very much for your e-mail...was very interesting
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
10) The man, ...father is a professor, forgot his umbrella.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
11) The boy ...
A. for you are looking is Tom B. for that you are looking is Tom C. you are looking for is Tom. D. are looked for is Tom
12) The children, ...shouted in the street, are not from our school
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
13) Do you know the music which is being played on the radio?
A. being played B. playing C. to play D. is being played 14) Here is the factory in...my uncle Nam works.
A. which B. where C. that D. in which
15) This is the photograph of our friends...we went on holiday
A. with who B. whom C. that D. with whom
Exercise 2: Rewrite these sentences, using relative pronouns 1. Brenda is a friend. I went on holiday with her.
-> ____________________________________________
2. This is Mr Smith. His son Bill plays in our team.
-> _____________________________________________
3. Her book was published last year. It became a best seller.
-> ______________________________________________
4. This is the bank. We borrowed the money from it.
-> ______________________________________________
6. Do you know a restaurant? We can have a good meal there.
-> _______________________________________________
7. We study in a school which was built in 1956.
-> ______________________________________________.
8. John was the last student that left the lecture hall
-> ______________________________________________
Exercise 3: Choose the underline word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting 1. It’s the best novel which I have never read.
A B C D
2. This is the place when the battle took place forty years ago.
A B C D
3. Dr Harder, that is the professor for this class, will be absent this week because of illness.
A B C D 4. The girl is standing over there is from Australia
A B C D
5. It was a kind of machine with that we were not familiar.
A B C D 6. He is the second person be killed in that way.
A B C D
7. The 14th Asian games , held in Korea in 2002, attracted many participants.
Ngày soạn 20/4/2012
TIẾT 23: Relative pronouns: omission of relative pronoun + cleft sentence (it is ………..that .)…
Mục đích:
Các cách nhấn mạnh hay còn gọi là câu chẻ trong tiếng anh chủ yếu là ôn cách sử dụng đại từ quan hệ That
Yêu cầu:
áp dụng công thức để làm bài tập Nội dung:
* Bắt buộc dùng THAT:
+ N danh từ trước nó gồm người và vật
+ N trước nó có tính từ ở cấp so sánh nhất bổ nghĩa (the best, the most, …) + Các đại từ bất định (all, somebody, something, …)
+ N trước nó có số thứ tự (the first, the last, the only,..) * Không dùng THAT sau giới từ hoặc dấu phẩy.
* • Choose the best answer.
1. My wife, _______________ works as a journalist, is an excellent cook.
A. that B. who C. whom D. whose
2. The man ________________ she’s getting married to is an artist.
A. when B. whose C. whom D. which
3. This is Mr Smith, _______________ son Bill plays in our team.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. that
4. The new shopping mall is advertised as a place __________you can find anything you want to buy.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
5. We want to visit Da Lat, _____________ is the most beautiful city in Viet Nam.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
6. I don’t know the reason ______________ she didn’t come to the party yesterday.
A. that B. why C. when D. whom
7. He doesn’t know the time ________________ we will have a meeting.
A. when B. which C. that D. where
8. This is the nicest hat _____________ I‘ve ever seen.
A. which B. when C. that D. where
9. Ann quit her job at the advertisement agency, ____________ surprised everyone.
A. that B. who C. whom D. which
10.He never says anything ____________ is worth listening to.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
Cấu trúc nhấn mạnh . Đặc biệt nhận biết cách sử dụng đại từ quan hệ That 1. It is at the shop that she bought him a hat.
2. It was a book that was gave to me last week.
S + V ...so that + S + can/ could (not) + V = S + V ...+ in order (not) to + Vinf
3. It was her glasses that was broken by her younger sister yesterday.
It +be + subject + that + be + V3/ed ( passive) 1. fans gave Christina a lot of flowers .
2. They asked the policeman for direction to the post office.
3. they talked a lot about his house.
4. the Prince kissed my younger sister at the party .
5. It was this story book that is given to me as a birthday present by my father.
6. It is Tet that was celebrated as the greatest occasion in a year by the Vietnamese people 7. It was I who was given to a lot of toys
8. It is the flowers (that are watered every day/ that is watered every day/ that were watered every day/) 9. It was a bicycle (that was bought for him as his birthday./who was bought for him as his birthday./ was bought for him as his birthday./)
Ngày soạn 21/4/2012
TIẾT 24: Used to, be/get used to+ Ving, should, .too ., .enough ., … … … … it is/ was not until that…
Mục đích:
Các cách phù hợp động từ cùng với chủ ngữ và các mệnh đề phụ tiếp theo
Yêu cầu:
Học sinh ghi nhớ cấu trúc và áp dụng làm bài tập
Nội dung
Cấu trúc 1 : S1 + be + adj. S2 + can’t / couldn’t + V (inf)…
= S1 + be + too + adj + (for + O) + to-V(inf)…
= S + be+ so + adj + that + S2 + can’t / couldn’t + V (inf)…
(Lưu ý : bỏ (for + O) nếu S1 trùng với S2)
Ví dụ :This boy is very young. He can’t do this work.
= This boy is too young to do this work.
The test was very difficult. We couldn’t finish it in time.
= The test was too difficult for us to finish in time.
She was so busy that she couldn’t answer the phone.
= She was too busy to answer the phone.
2. Phân biệt thói quen ở hiện tại và thói quen ở quá khứ used to Verb: Thói quen ở quá khứ
be/get used to V-ing: Thói quen ở hiện tại
3. Cấu trúc : adv / adj + enough + [ for + O] + to-V(inf) Ví dụ : He is tall enough to play volleyball.
She drives carefully enough to be safe.
The weather was fine enough for us to go picnic.
Lưu ý :enough còn có vị trí khác là đứng trước danh từ.
enough + noun : enough time, enough money Cấu trúc :
eg: Peter works hard so that he can pass the exam = Peter works hard in order to pass the exam
“ Too …..to” or “enough to”
1 .Too ….to : quá …không th ể . : Được dùng để chỉ một nguyên nhân đưa tới một kết quả phủ định.
*form: Too + adj/adv + to –inf
*eg: He is too young to go to school. / She ran too slowly to catch the train.
Nếu động từ theo sau diễn tả một sự việc được thực hiện bởi một chủ ngữ khác với chủ ngữ của động từ đi trước thì ta dùng:
*form: Too + adj/adv + for + somebody + to –inf
*eg : The questions are too difficult for us to answer.
2 .Enough to …: đ ủ …đ ể có th ể .
*form: 1 ) enough + N (for sb ) to inf : ex: - I don't have enough money to buy a car
Money là danh từ nên đứng sau enough
Được dùng để chỉ một nguyên nhân đưa tới một kết quả tất nhiên.
*form: 2 a ) adj/adv + enough + to – inf *eg: He is old enough to get married.
Áp dụng công thức để làm bài tập
1. _... I have time, I will go with you, A. If B. Unless C. So D. So that
2. He was too scare ... me what he really thought. A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. told 3. These boys were punished ...they went to school late.
A. in spite of B. as if C. even though D. because
4. They were sacked... their carelessness. A. because B. because of C. although D.
despite
5. It is ... to go swimming. A. too cold B. so cold C. such a cold D. enough cold that 6. The bed is not clean enough ... .
A. to lie in it B. to lie in C. for lying in D. in which to lie 7. He ...to be offered the job.
A. was such experienced B. was too experienced C. B and D D.not experienced enough 8. ... to go to the cinema. A. it was late so that B. that it was late C. it was too late D. such too late 9. We don’t...to go there now.
A. have time enough B. enough time C. have too time D. have enough time 10. Fail to pay the bill ...they will cut off the electricity
A. unless B. and C. so D. if
Exercise 2: Chọn một lỗi sai trong những câu sau:
1. They can speak(A) English and use(B) a computer so as to(C) they can easily get(D) a good job.
2. In order that to(A) buy his new car(B), he had to borrow(C) his friend some(D) money.
3. He was(A) tired so that(B) he couldn’t(C) continue(D) his work.
4. Those students are trying(A) their best(B) in order that(C) to get(D) the scholarship.
5. Sound is carried(A) from(B) the eardrum to the nerves so as to(C) we can hear it(D).
6. Many teachers have devoted(A) all(B) their lives to teaching so(C) teaching is(D) not a well paid job.
7. Mai has such(A) many things to do(B) that she has(C) no time to go(D) out.
8. Because(A) it was(B) late, so that(C) he tried to type the contract as fast as(D) possible.
9. I was such(A) nervous that(B) I didn’t think(C) I would pass(D) the exam.
10. My only regret(A) is that I didn’t study(B) English good(C) enough to get (D)a good job.
11. The ceiling is ______.
A. too high for me to reach B. too tall for me to reach
C. so high for me reaching D. enough high of me to reaching 12. He goes to England_____.
A. so that he learns English B. so that he may learn English
C. so to learn English D. so he learns English
13. It was too late _____.
A. to go for them to the party. B. for them to go to the party.
C. because they go to the party. D. so they go to the party.
14. She hid the present______ _______.
A. so that the children wouldn’t find it B. in order to the children not to find it C. for the children not find it D. in order that the children not to find it 15. “ I tried to study English well. I wanted to get a good job.” means________.
A. I tried to study English well so that I can get a good job B. I tried to study English well in order that I can get a good job C. I tried to study English well to get a good job
D.I try to study English well in order that I can get a good job
16. “They whispered. They didn’t want anyone to hear them.” means _____.
A. They whispered in order to make anyone hear them B. They whispered so that no one could hear them C. They whispered to make everyone hear them
D. They whispered in order that make everyone hear them
17. “We preserve natural resources. We can use them in the future.” means_____.
A. We preserve natural resources so that we can use them in the future B. We preserve natural resources so as to we can use them in the future C. We preserve natural resources in order to we can use them in the future D. We preserve natural resources for fear that we can use them in the future 18. The teacher was explaining the lesson slowly and clearly_____.
A. to make his students to understand it B. in order that his students can understand it C. so as to that his students could understand it D. so that his students could understand it
Ngày soạn 22/4/2012
TIẾT 25: Because, because of, so, but, however, therefore, Not only .but… also, both..and, neither nor, either or… …
Mục đớch: Ôn lại các dạng mệnh đề phụ khác Mệnh đề chỉ lý do, nguyên nhân kết quả, nh- ợng bộ ...
Yêu cầu: Học sinh áp dụng công thức để làm bài tập từ đó rút ra quy tắc làm bài Nội dung:
1. MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ LÝ DO NGUYÊN NHÂN
REASON (lí do) MAIN CLAUSE
Clause Because /since / as + S + V, S + V
Phrase Because of / Due to/ thank for + N (phrase) / Gerund (phrase), CONCESSION ( Mặc dù, cho dù)
Clause Although/ though / even though + S + V,
Phrase In spite of / despite + N (phrase) / Gerund (phrase),
2. (So, but, however, therefore)
So: vì vậy/ But: nhưng (đứng trước vế thứ 2 trong 1 câu ghép. (phía trước có thề có dấu “ , ” hoặc không có)
Therefore: vì vậy/ However: tuy nhiên
1. So và Therefore (bởi vậy, vì vậy) dùng để giới thiệu kết quả
eg: He was lazy, so he failed the exam. (Anh ta lười bởi vậy anh ta đã trượt kì thi) He was lazy. Therefore, he failed the exam.
- So không đứng đầu câu và trước dấu phảy
2. But và However (nhưng, tuy nhiên)dùng để diễn tả nghĩa đối lập nhau trong câu.
eg: I like coffee, but my brother likes tea.
I like coffee. However, my brother likes tea. hoặc I like coffee; however, my brother likes tea.
3. Because, since (vì, bởi vì) + a clause, ...
Eg: Because Nam was lazy, he didn’t pass the exam.
3. I. CÁC CHỦ TỪ CÓ ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA SỐ ÍT
1. Chủ ngữ gồm nhiều danh từ nối với nhau bằng “And” nhưng chỉ cùng một người, một vật 2. Chủ ngữ là một khoảng thời gian/ tiền bạc/ khoảng cách/ trọng lượng.
3. Chủ ngữ bắt đầu là That hoặc V-ing
4. Chủ ngữ là một nhóm từ/ tên một quyển sách, bài báo, câu chuyện, bộ phim/ câu trích dẫn (thường trong ngoặc kép)
5. Chủ ngữ là News (tin tức), Môn học: mathematics, physics, Bệnh: mumps, measles, Địa danh:
The Philippines…
6. Danh từ không đếm được: furniture, water, traffic, knowledge, homework…
7. Chủ ngữ là những đại từ bất định.
Sentence 1. However, sentence 2 Clause 1; however, clause 2.
Sentence 1. Therefore, sentence 2 Clause 1; therefore, clause 2.
Each, every, either, neither + N(số ít)
Each, every, either, neither + of + N (số nhiều)
II. CÁC CHỦ TỪ CÓ ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA SỐ NHIỀU
1. S1 + and + S2 + V(số nhiều) Ex. Lan and Tam are classmates in this school year.
2. Khi chủ ngữ là 1 đại ngữ: several, both, many, few, all, some.
Ex. Several of the students are absent.
3. Danh từ được thành lập bởi mạo từ The + Adjective để chỉ 1 nhóm người: The rich, The blind,….
III. SOME SPECIAL CASES (một số trường hợp đặc biệt)
1. Hai chủ ngữ được kết nối với nhau bằng: Either……or; Neither…….nor; Or; Not only…..but also thì động từ phù hợp với chủ từ thứ 2
2. A number of + N(số nhiều) + Verb số nhiều The number of + N(số nhiều) + verb số ít.
3. Với các từ sau: giới từ (of, on, with..) along with (cùng với), together with, as well as (cũng như), like (như là), accompained by (được đi kèm bởi), plus (cộng với) ==> thì động từ phù hợp với chủ từ thứ 1
4. One third ./ two third // half / all / some, + N đếm được + Verb số nhiều
none, no, plenty, most, the rest, a lot/ lots + of + N không đếm được (số ít )+ Verb số ít
Bài tập áp dụng:
1. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. in spite the fact that 2. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain C. it was raining D. there was a rain 3. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although 4. _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired 5. John could not continue the match _____ his badly injured leg.
A. because B. since C. as D. because of
6. You need proper shoes to go hiking in the mountains, ______ the ground is rough and hard.
A. though B. due to C. because D. because of 7. The children slept well, despite _______.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy 8. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. though B. because of C. In spite of D. Despite of
Exercise 2: Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order to make the sentence correct.
1. Although its height, Mount Whitney, one of North America's highest mountains is popular with hikers.
A B C D 2. .Because of they had collaborated well together, they were successful in their project.
A B C D
3. Despite of his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A B C D
4. They had to sell their house because of they had been broke.
A B C D
5. In spite of my father is old, he gets up early and does morning exercise.
A B C D
6. Despite she was in her middle age, she looked very graceful and charming.
A B C D 7. I tried to finish my work though my tiredness.
A B C D
8. John didn’t go to work because of he was seriously ill.
A B C D Exercise 3: Choose the best answer
1. Although his legs were broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
A. Despite his legs to be broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
B. Despite his broken legs, he was able to get out of the car before exploding.
C. Despite his legs were broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
D. Despite his broken legs, he was able to get out of the car before it exploded.
2. It rained heavily. He stayed at home.
Every/ any/ no/ some (body, thing, one)