- 12 Kirschner doc noi tuy
10.PHUC HOI LUU THONG MACH MAU
ThUdng sau khi co' dinh xUdng va no'i xong gan duoi, gan gap, se den noi mach mau, d 1 ngon thtfdng co no'i 2 dong mach cua ngon, con khi bi cut d ban tay, co tay, c in co' no'i tat ca cac dong mach. Tuy co ngtfdi chi no'i 1 dong mach cho moi ngon de tiet kiem thdi gian, song co' no'i ca 2 dong mach cho mot ngon cut thi v in hdn. Ke ca bi cut nhieu ngon cung vay.
Trtfdc khi no'i dong mach, phai lam cho mau ttf cac dau tren chay ra da. Neu d dong mach dau tren khong thay dap thi:
- Lay bo chen ep mach mau
- Cat them dong mach phia tren cho den phan lanh - Stfdi am phong mo va benh nhan
- Cap dich du cho benh nhan - Nang huyet ap cho benh nhan
- Tudi mach mau dau tren vdi dung dich Ringer lactate am.
- Ttfdi rtia ben ngoai, ben trong mach mau vdi dung dich Papaverine 1:20. - Trao doi vdi ngtfdi gay me ve tinh trang chuyen hoa gay co mach. Vx du: bi nhi§m toan.
- Dam bao garo khong cang - Chd
Dong mach dau tren dtfdc cat cho den khi co noi mac lanh. Nhin thay dtfdi may phong dai cd ldn, noi mac co lanh mdi no'i. Neu khong no'i dtfdc thi ghep tinh mach hay lam ngan xtfdng. Noi mac phai rap nhau de dang khi khau.
Dung mot doan tinh mach ghep la kha pho bien den 20% ca, vi dong m ach bi thieu, khong noi tan dtfdc. Phia trtfdc co tay cd nhieu tinh m ach dtfdng kinh 1- 2mm. Chung la nguyen lieu ly ttfdng cho no'i ngon tay. Neu can ghep, lay ngay tinh mach d co tay va ngam trong Ringer lactate hay dung dich Papaverine. Hai m ieng no'i de dang thi nhanh hdn, thanh cong hdn la 1 m ieng no'i kho khan va cang.
Trtfdc khi no'i, cho 3000-5000 ddn vi Heparin vao tinh mach. Sau do, cti moi gid cho them 1000 ddn vi.
Ndi chung cti no'i 1 dong mach nen tim no'i 2 tinh mach. Sai lam ldn nhat khi no'i tinh m^ch la noi bi cang. Neu no'i hdi cang la ghep tlnh mach ngay.
• Noi than kinh
Khi noi chi co c it n g in xtfdng thi noi than kinh khong kho. vi ch o noi khong cang. Neu th in kinh mdi bi dtft thi dung kinh hien vi de noi ttfng bo ch o dung. Du co kinh hien vi, song doi khi kho biet c in c it bo bao nhieu than kinh: d hau het ca noi lai chi, th in kinh dtfdc noi ngay ky dau.
Khi khong the noi tan tan dtfdc. phai ghep th in kinh. Doi vdi ghep than kinh ngon tay vi da sd noi lai chi dtfdc lam vdi gay te vung. cho nen, ndi lay th in kinh ghep tot la th in kinh canh tay bi trong. Tim mom tren loi c i u trong (m om tren rong roc), than kinh nam d ben trong no 1 be rong ngon tay va d dtfdi no 2 be rong ngon tay, than kinh nam nong tren can cd. Neu bi cut nhieu ngon, cd the lay than kinh d ngon bo di.
Gitia ghep ky d iu va ky 2, chtfa ro stf khac nhau co y nghia thong ke ve hoi phuc th in kinh.
T h in kinh ngoai vi dtfdc noi vdi chi nylon ddn sdi hay Prolene 8-0 den 10-0 b in g khau bao, sau khi cac bo thang hang. C) than kinh ngon, chi dinh 2-3 mui khau. T h in kinh dtit d cao hdn c in khau bo, moi bo khau 2 mui.
• Khau da vd bang
C im mau khau da khong dtfdc cang. Ndi chung cac dtfdng rach canh ben cua ngon khong khau de cho cac mach mau ngon dtfdc giam ep. Ndi khau kh on g dtfdc gay chen ep mach mau. Co khi phai chuyen vat da tai ch6 hay va da 1/2 day. Neu c in giam ep, c in rach can.
Nep bot thtfdng de d phia trtfdc. Khi khau gan gap thi de nep d phia sau. • Sau mo
Gac tay cao, khuyu dat nghi tren gitfdng. Neu mau dong m ach den kem . cho ha thap tay. Neu mau tlnh mach thoat cham, cho nang cao tay.
Viec dung thuoc chong dong con dang thao luan. Mot sd khong dung co chang chi cho Aspirin. Mot so' dung nhieu thtf. Neu bi c i t gon. no'i de. kh ong c i n cho Heparin. Nen cho cac thtf sau:
- Persantine 50mg x 2 lin /n g a y — Dextran 40 x 500m l/ngay — Aspirine 300m g x 2 lin /n g a y
- Chlorprom azine 25m g x 4 lin /n g a y
Tat ca cho 7 ngay
Chlorpromazine co ldi vi gian mach ngoai vi, gay yen tinh, giam co mach. d5 lo lang.
Khi bi dap nat, giing giat cho Heparin tlnh mach, 1000 ddn vi moi gid, cho lien 1 tuan. Kiem tra dieu chinh vdi thdi gian thromboplastin, duy tri d mtic 1,5 thdi gian binh thtfdng. Neu mau chay tfdt bang thi giam lieu v i thay b&ng ngay. Ddi vdi cut tren co tay, khong dung Heparin.
Dieu theo doi quan trong nhat la nhiet do da d phan noi ghep. Phong benh nhan phai am, benh nhan khong hut thuoc. Cho khang sinh 1 tuan. Benh nhan nam 2-3 ngay sau do tap.
Doi vdi trUdng hdp kho khan, vi du benh nhan tre dtfdi 10 tuoi, dap nat v. v.. cho Heparin tinh mach lieu nhtf tren co ldi. Co the luon 1 ong thong Silicon vao canh than kinh tru va gitia de cho thuoc Bupivacaine 5ml dung dich 0,025% moi 6- 8 gid de gian mach.
• Noi chi ldn
Luon ngay Shunt de ttfdi mau dong m ach cho phan cut, neu mo m uon sau 4-6 gid. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
Cho benh nhan Bicarbonate tlnh mach trtfdc khi noi tinh mach. Khong dung chong dong
Hai nguyen nhan that bai la bi hoai tti cd dtfa den nhiem trung va giai ep khong du khi phuc hoi mach mau.
• K et qua