NGIT (Subject and predicate)
C hu tuT / ch u ngiir la dfe tai c&u cdn n h d m thuQc ttf / v j ngur c6 nhtym vu bd’ nghia (m odify) cho dfe t i i d6 ttfc bd nghia cho chu ngtf.
Vf du:
Ho Chi Minh City is a major cultural center
(Thanh p h6 Hb C h i M in h Ih mdt trung tdm vQn hoa Idn)
Chu ngtf (Subject): H& Chf Minh City
predicate: is a major cultural center
1) C h u t t f / c h u n g t f (Subject)
Khdng co gidi ttf di kem, thudng dtfng dau cau. Chu ngtf thudng diftjc bieu thj bang:
+ danh tit: T h e t e a c h e r explains the lessons
(Th'&y giao gia n g bai)
+ dai tit: - H e understands the cause o f the war
(Hdn h iiu n guy i n do c h ii'n tranh)
- W h o gave you this book?
(A i da cho anh quyin sach nay?)
- E v e r y o n e was silent for a minute
, + Tinh tit ho$c dbng tinh tie dfi danh ttf h6a - T h e p riv ile g e d stand in a queue
(Nhtfng ngtedi itu t iin ditng thhnh mQt hhng)
- The p o o r are generous to each other
(Ngtedi nghio r&ng rai vdi nhau) - The old receive pensions
(Ngudi gih nh&n ti'in httu)
, + S6 tit (S6 dim ho$c sd thtf t\f) - Two and two makes four
(Hai vdi hai Ih b6n)
- The fifth was an old woman t
(Ngudi thit n&m Ih mdt bh gih) + Ddng tit n guy in thi, cum n guy in t h i
- T o liv e is to work
(S in g la d i lam v iic ) - T o act lik e th a t is childish
(Hanh ddng nhu t h i Ih trb t r i con)
+ Ddng danh ttf, cum ddng danh ttf ho$c c&u true ddng danh ttf (gerund construction)
- R e a d in g is a pleasure
(Doc sdch Ih mdt n iim vui) (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
- S w im m in g is good for health
(Bai Idi thi tdt cho site khoe)
- L a n ’s c o m in g made him happy
(Lan d in liun cho anh &y sung sudng)
2) N h6m t h u6c tif/ v i n g t f (predicate)
Can ctf v&o c£u true vh nghi* cua nhom thuQc ttf, ta cd th i chia lam hai lo^i: nhom thuQc ttf ddn va nh6m thuQc ttf kfep.
+ N h d m thuQc tir don (Simple predicate) 0 6 dQng ttf dfi chia i thi da«| hay thi kgp
V i dy: - I read (Tbi dpc)
- Birds sing (Chim h it)
- I ’m reading (Tbi dang dqc)
• Who’s speaking? (A i gpi diQn th i? )
+ N h d m thuQc ttf k6p (compound predicate): gftm 06 dQng ttf dA chi / b iln vj + danh ttf / dai ttf / tinh ttf / dQng danh ttf / nguy&n th i / dQnj tinh ttf / mQnh rffe
Do tinh c h it k it h<?p cua dQng ttf b iln vj kh&c nhau n&n ta ph&n ra: a) dQng ttf U&n hQ + b l ngtf
b) dQng ttf + ttfc ttf/bl ngtf
c) dQng ttf -I- tiic ttf phtfc/bl ngtf phtfc
a) dQng ttf lifen hQ (link verb) di vdi b l ngtf (complement)
Subject + link verb + complement
Complement c6 t h i 1A: noun / pronoun / adjective / adjective phrase infin itive / participle / gerund / clause
Vf dy: - He is a w o r k e r (n)
(A nh dy Ih cbng nhttn)
- This book is m in e (pr)
(Q uyfn sdch nhy cua tbi)
- She remains silent (adj)
(Cb ta v&n im lon g )
- We are r e a d y to s ta r t (adj phrase)
(Chung ta sdn sang khdi hanh)
- She is t h ir t y (numeral)
(Nhh kia cho th u i)
H e is t ir e d (past participle)
(Anh dy mdi mQt) (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
- The story is e x c it in g (present participle)
(Chu chuyin n&o nitc/mi ly)
- M y aim is h e lp in g th e m (gerund)
(M uc d ich cua tbi Ih giu p chtlng)
- The results are w h a t w e e x p e c te d (clause)
( K i t q u i Ih nhtfng g i chung ta mong chd)
b) DQng tOr di vdi tuc ttf (object)
Subject + verb + object Tiic ttf C6 t h i 14 - trtfc t iip (direct object)
- gidn t iip (indirect object) - gidi ttf (prepositional)
• Tuc tit true t ii p (direct object) du<?c bilu thj b&ng: - d a n h t it
Vf dy: - We have b r e a k fa s t
(C hu ng tbi On sdng / d iim t&m)
- He bought some a p p le s
(A nh dy mua mbt it tdo)
- I don’t like c o ld w e a t h e r
(T b i khbng th ich thdi t i i t lanft)
• d p i t it
V f dy: - She dresses h e r s e lf
(Cb dy tu may qu&n do Idy)
- I read it
- She wants s o m e o n e to take care o f children
(Cb 6y mu6n r in g ai dd trdng hb c&c dita tre ) - tin h tit, ddng tin h tur da danh tit hda
Vf dy: - We love the g o o d , the b e a u tifu l and the t r u e
(C hu ng tay&u chubng cdi t6t, cdi dep v i su thd i)
- The enemies le ft the s ic k and w o u n d e d behind.
( K i d ich bd lai nhOng ngudi 6m vh nfutng ngudi 6/ thuang)
- S 6 d&'m hay s6 th it tu
V f dy: The teacher congratulates the fir s t and s e c o n d on their succn
(Th'&y gid o khen n g o i thanh tich cua hoc sin h d itn g hgng nU vd hang n h i)
- dbng tit ng u y in t h i (in fin itiv e) V f dy: - I like to r e a d (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
(T b i th ich doc sdch) - I came to se e the teacher
(T b i d$n g&p th'&y gido)
- H e refuses to g o further
(N o tit chtii khbng di xa th im nita)
- danh dbng tit (gerund)
V f dy: - H e enjoys w a t c h in g television
(Hdn th ich thu xem truy'&n h in h )
- Do you mind his s t a y in g with us ?
(A n h co p h i i n g i v& sve luu lai cua anh 6y vdi ch u n g tbi?) - m in h d'i phu tuc tit phitc (object clause)
V i du: - H e says th a t h e is ill
(A nh &y bao r in g anh 6y b in h )
- I hoped th a t I w o u ld h e lp y o u
• Trie tit/bd ngur gi£n tiip (indirect object)
Du<?c bilu thj bkng danh tuf ho§c dai tflf, niu d$t sau tuc tflf tn/c tiip 1 phai c6 gidi tOr
Vf dy: - I give the book to my friend
(Tdi cho ban tdi quyin sdch)
- Please explain this problem to me
(Liun an giang b ti to&n niiy cho tdi)
- Will you find Tom ’s book fo r h im ?
(Anh tim hd quyin sdch cua Tom cho anh tfy n h i ?)
- Please get three tickets for me
(Liun an mua hd tdi ba v i)
• Trie tur gid i tCr (prepositional object)
Bilu thj b&ng: preposition + noun / pronoun / gerund / phrase / clause lifng sau nQi dQng tuf
Vf dy: - I agree w ith my friend (noun)
(Tdi cam k it vdi ban tdi)
- She waits for you (pronoun)
(Cd 6y dai anh)
- I insist on your coming (gerund)
(Tdi nOn n i anh di'n) (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
- I listen to him talk over the phone (phrase)
(Tdi lin g tai nghe anh dy noi qua d iin thoai)
- The test will be finished in from so minutes to an hour’s time (prepositional phrase)
(Bid k iim tra se xong trong nhi'iu phut d in mdt gid)