... gonorrhoea and other STIs, and highlight thesupport needed. The commitment of governments, and support from international donors and agencies, such as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and ... rates of STIs, including HIV, andof maternal andchild mortality. The emergence of different forms of AMR in N.gonorrhoeae is often followed by rapid spread ofthe disease, both nationally and ... control the spread andimpactof antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae21 – recent travel history of both the index patient and their sexual partner(s) – the place and type of sexual...
... partici-pated in the design ofthe study andthe statistical analysis.BF, GM, TM and LB participated in the design and coordi-nation ofthe study. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.AcknowledgementsThis ... cost of ART.A complete listing ofthe data and assumptions used in the model will be provided upon request. Much ofthe dataare derived from either the Botswana AIDS Impact SurveyII or the ... reduced even further than the initial reduction of 60%,then the number of infections averted increases, and the net cost per infection decreases.If the cost net of user fees of circumcision...
... nature of delay andof cost and that theimpactof these practical barriers to child- friendly health needs further study. The survey also provides a useful indication of how valuable children’s ... health care professional andthechild s experience. Firstly, it asked whether thechild had time alone with the person they were seeing – 54.2% said that they did, 25% said they did not and 20.8% ... logistical and methodological – and it is important that the Council of Europe and other organisations continue to learn from, and improve, their work in this field. How the bodies who ask children and...
... of REACH. The estimation used the mean values ofthe average and maximum prices for the single tests. The test categories are specified in the Appendix V to VIII oftheREACH proposal of ... to use the minimum price; second, to use the mean ofthe minimum and the maximum price; and third, to use both of these substitutes. The reasons not to use these substitutions are the same ... interested in the size ofthe variation relative to the size ofthe observation. Thus, we can compare the variability of a test price with a mean of 800 Euros to one of 80,000 Euros. The standard...
... ofthe study and helped draft the manuscript. ES participated in the acquisition ofthe study and helped draft the manuscript. GN participated in the interpretation of data and helped draft the ... non-PI-con-taining therapy, as compared to patients continuing stablePI-ART. However, these aspects need to be further investi-gated and there is a need for further study ofthe effect of different ... planning and design. LEE participated in the coordination, carried out the statistical analysis and interpretation of data and drafted the manuscript. GAB participated the coordina-tion and acquisition...
... laboratory. The laboratory in Hanoi has the skills and is doing quite well in the application ofthe ELISA but this laboratory needs further contact with AAHL to increase their understanding ofthe ... management and control. Since women at the village level are the primary animal handlers and managers, they will be major beneficiaries ofthe final outcome of better diagnosis and control of animal ... feed, the energy to provide animal feed and to run other aspects ofthe farm. 6.2 Gender and Social Issues Application of new diagnostic tests will improve the ability of regional and provincial...
... Summary Over the life ofthe project there was improvement and advances in both activities in the field and laboratory. The quality of both the diagnostic tests andthe field data collected ... The project highlighted the need to have coordination between the laboratory andthe field staff in the control of FMD and in understanding the serosurveillance data post-vaccination and ... identification ) and in the field the field data to allow the interpretation ofthe laboratory results. The whole veterinary network is important in the control of disease, there needs to be...
... to the A component ofthe vaccine (100% positive on the ELISA) but only 25% on the O ELISA. This is most likely to be a problem with the sensitivity ofthe O ELISA, given the response to the ... ELISA. This should have been further investigated immediately at both the laboratory and field level. Given the range of P.I. values for each ofthe ELISAs, andthe fact that it was all assays ... that some ofthe cattle recorded as having just O vaccine have been administered trivalent vaccine due to the seropositive percentages of 32 and 22% respectively for A and Asia 1. Of these none...
... outbreaks of AI and PRRSV. Nevertheless, the management and implementation of highly effective measures for the diagnosis and control of FMD was particularly successful in the south of Vietnam. ... laboratory and field-based personnel. During the course ofthe project there was a clear improvement and advances in both laboratory and field-based activities for the diagnosis and control of FMD. The ... recognition ofthe achievements made in relation to the understanding and control of FMD in Vietnam. FMD is a disease of importance in Vietnam andof strategic significance not only to Australia and...
... far in the project and continue to provide support to the establishment ofthe technologies transferred to the laboratories. The next round ofthe sero-surveillance for the collection ofthe samples ... management and control. Since women at the village level are the primary animal handlers and managers, they will be major beneficiaries ofthe final outcome of better diagnosis and control of animal ... animal feed, the energy to provide animal feed and to run other aspects ofthe farm. 6.2 Gender and Social Issues Application of new diagnostic tests will improve the ability of regional and provincial...
... far in the project and continue to provide support to the establishment ofthe technologies transferred to the laboratories. The next round ofthe sero-surveillance for the collection ofthe samples ... visiting the laboratories at Can Tho and Da Nang. The focus ofthe visit to the four collaborating laboratories was to implement the use ofthe Vietnam antigen produced at HCMC into the FMD ... samples and how to collect information necessary for the history ofthe animals for the villages in the project. The data on the animals from the sero-surveillance is critical to allow analysis of...