... twin to the
umbilical vein ofthe other. This abnormal connection
can cause serious complications including loss of the
pregnancy.
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOFGENETIC DISORDERS
7
Acardia
The GALE
ENCYCLOPEDIA ... activity. These
individuals have no symptoms of AKU. However, they
are carriers of AKU and can pass the gene on to their off-
spring.
All ofthe offspring of two parents with AKU will
inherit the disorder. ... some
feminization. The degree of severity is a direct result of
the degree of severity ofthegenetic alteration in the
androgen receptor and resulting amount of functional
androgen receptor. The internal...
... visual center ofthe brain (the visual cortex) at the
back ofthe head.
The visual cortex sends instruction to the eye
based on whether the object of vision is near or far
and whether the surrounding ... influence ofthe ciliary
body, the lens further bends and directs the incoming
light back to the retina. There it is received and trans-
ferred through the optic nerve at the back ofthe eye to
the ... pain
in the upper body, the ‘‘LI4’’ point is recommended.
It is located in the web between the thumb and index
finger, on the back ofthe hand. Using the thumb and
index finger ofthe other hand,...
... their mother or
father. Sometimes the change occurs spontaneously when
the egg and sperm come together to form the first cell of
the baby. The children of a person with NF2 have a 50%
chance of inheriting ... fashion.
The cells that make up blood are produced in the bone
marrow and the lymph system. The bone marrow is the
spongy tissue found in the large bones ofthe body. The
lymph system includes the ... brain
stem. The brain stem is the stalk-like portion ofthe brain
that joins the spinal cord to the cerebrum, the thinking and
reasoning part ofthe brain. Different parts ofthe brain-
stem have different...
... parts ofthe larynx are affected and whether the
cancer has spread to neighboring areas ofthe neck or dis-
tant parts ofthe body.
The glottis is the middle part ofthe larynx. It con-
tains the ... not grow
back. However, other parts ofthe brain can take over
some, or all, ofthe function ofthe missing part of the
brain. Depending on the part ofthe brain removed, the
effects may be quite ... cells—Flat epithelial cells, which usu-
ally make up the outer layer of epithelial tissue,
the layer farthest away from the surface the epithe-
lium covers.
sounds. Scars and alterations ofthe lips...
... levelled the
city of Carthage and treated the surrounding fields with
salt to destroy the agricultural capability ofthe land,
thereby preventing the rebuilding ofthe city.
The attraction of chemicals ... present
in the molecules, formula units and moles of product to
the right ofthe equation arrow. The combinations of the
atoms may change (indeed, this is what chemical reac-
tions do) but the number of ... accord with the laws of thermodynamics, all
chemical reactions change the energy state ofthe reac-
tants. The change in energy results from changes in the
in the number and strengths of chemical...
... the
“GB20” points at the base ofthe skull in the back of the
head, just behind the bones in back ofthe ears. Disperse
these points for two minutes with the fingers or thumbs.
Also find the “yintang” ... Deep in the back ofthe abdomen, on
either side ofthe lumbar spine, lie the psoas muscles.
They flex the hips. An abscess can develop in one of
these muscles, usually when it spreads from the appen-
dix, ... also important that the size ofthe needle is selected
based on the thickness ofthe medication to be given and
the depth ofthe injection, while maximizing the patients
level of comfort during...
... has been made to ensure
the reliability ofthe information presented in
this publication, TheGale Group does not
guarantee the accuracy ofthe data contained
herein. TheGale Group accepts no ... violence toward others.
In addition, the cost of a drug habit often gives a
person with a substance addiction another reason
for resenting the needs ofthe dependent person. A
majority of workplace ... to
avoid further abuse, they are often unconsciously
attracted to people who remind them of their family
of origin. Abused adults are also likely to fail to com-
plete their educations, or they accept...
... deficiency.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of dermatitis is made on the basis of
how the rash looks and its location. The doctor may
scrape off a small piece of affected skin for microscopic
examination or direct the ... hydrocephalus
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
597
Dementia
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GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2
V
CONTENTS
List of Entries vii
About theEncyclopedia ... are
reintroduced into the system with nutritional supplements.
Fasting is another major therapy in detoxification.
Fasting is one ofthe quickest ways to promote the elimina-
tion of stored toxins in the body...
... also important that the size ofthe needle is selected
based on the thickness ofthe medication to be given and
the depth ofthe injection, while maximizing the patients
level of comfort during ... each other—as the shock wave
travels along. The frequency of a sound is the num-
ber of vibrations per second. Within the audible
range, frequency means pitch the higher the fre-
quency, the higher ... hospital admissions. These calculi can cause painful
inflammation ofthe gallbladder and also obstruct the
bile ducts that carry digestive enzymes from the gall-
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NURSING AND ALLIED...
... Page 5
The
GALE
ENCYCLOPEDIA
of
NEurological
Disorders
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GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
25
Alcohol-related neurological disease
Institute of Allergy ... 20
16
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Agenesis ofthe corpus callosum
early intervention. Administration of clonidine, a drug that
inhibits the fight-or-flight response, and of other ... Beach, CA
xviii
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Contributors
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GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
7
Acupuncture
any part ofthe body can...
... 534
524
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIAOF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Meninges
Anatomy
The outer surface ofthe dura adheres to the skull,
while the inner surface is loosely connected to the arach-
noid layer. The ... is mutated, the location ofthe mu-
tation in the gene, the importance this gene has on the
function ofthe mitochondria, and whether there are com-
pensatory mechanisms. Overall, the prognosis ... sutures, the fibrous joints between the
bones ofthe skull.
Microcephaly A rare neurological disorder in
which the circumference ofthe head is smaller than
the average for the age and gender of the...
... media ofthe normal eye and
resulting in the focusing of images on the retina.
Refractive power The degree of refraction of an
eye.
Strabismus—Failure ofthe two eyes to direct their
gaze at the ... partici-
pants may find themselves becoming more mindful of
their breathing patterns, the repetition of their footfalls,
and the reorientation ofthe entire body that occurs as
they move through the circular ... fatty acids. The body’s
highest concentration of lecithin is found in the vital or-
gans, where it makes up about 30% ofthe dry weight of
the brain and nearly two-thirds ofthe fat in the liver.
General...
... symptoms
One ofthe reasons for the ongoing difficulty in clas-
sifying schizophrenic disorders is incomplete under-
standing of their causes. It is thought that these disorders
are the end result of a ... heat. The silky nature
of the solution further reduces the separation between
the floater’s skin and its surroundings, so that the body
seems to gradually disappear. The combined elements of
the ... number of areas on
the body, including the back, chest, palms, and soles of
the feet. All ofthe study participants treated with the
scallion mixture recovered in a day or two. One applica-
tion of...