proofs by mathematical induction

... proves quite good self-purification ability of Cau River 3.2 Modeling water quality of Cau River by QUAL2E The Enhanced Stream Water Quality Model (QUAL2E) is a comprehensive and versatile stream ... water quality model It can simulate up to 15 water quality constituents in any combination desired by the user The model is applicable to dendritic streams that are well mixed It uses a finite-difference ... all the natural processes that happened, so the regularly monitoring and assessing shouldnt be bypassed References Bộ khoa học Công nghệ Môi trờng, Tuyển tập toàn văn báo cáo kế hoạch phối hợp...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 10:20

... RuBisCO displays some unexpected catalytic properties By contrast to most enzymes, it is not substrate specic but catalyzes oxygenation by accepting molecular oxygen as second substrate, resulting ... rates [11] In the present study, we present a minimal mathematical model that was formulated based on mechanistic considerations and derived by the motivation to explain the dynamics of the fallover ... of the active site In the anaerobic case (A), reactivation is achieved by back transformation, and in the aerobic case (B) by inhibitor release The dashed lines indicate the corresponding relative...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... nano-particles in aqueous solution were prepared by means of thermal induction to produce nano-particles in glass matrix and corroding the glass host by hydrofluoric acid The nanoparticles in aqueous ... nano-particles may be interpreted by assuming that the nano-particles are a b-PbF2 solid solution in which Pb2? ions with ionic radius of 0.129 nm are partially substituted by Cd2? ions whose ionic radius ... been researched by our groups [16, 17] And the Er3? ion can be promoted to the 4I11/2 state through ground state absorption (GSA) of laser photons, and then to the 2H11/2 state by use of the excited...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... pandemics that may have reached New Zealand in the late 19th century – as suggested by Rice [2] and supported by the unusually low mortality rates in the older age groups for this pandemic in New ... figure was actually the total number of men who died in the camp in 1918 from all causes as reported by the Principal Medical Officer at the camp [3] Further examination of data on the cause of death ... conservative figure for the mortality impact and it is the one that we have used in this analysis Mathematical modelling approach A susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model for infectious...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... determined by real-time PCR (B) Protein levels of KLF4 were determined by western blot (C) mRNA levels of hSR-BI were determined by real-time PCR (D) Protein levels of hSR-BI were determined by western ... and HDL3 led to an induction of KLF4 in mRNA and protein levels in PBMC and PMA-differentiated THP-1 macrophages, the increment level induced by HDL3 was much higher than that by HDL2 Therefore, ... PMA-differentiated THP-1 macrophages stimulated by HDL3 The specificity of the assay was verified by using mutant oligonucleotides, which failed to bind to KLF4, and by antibody competition Meanwhile, the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... Erk activation Activation of Erk by various extracellular signals is often preceded by Shc phosphorylation Accordingly, we examined Shc activation, as indicated by its tyrosine phosphorylation, ... as indicated, followed by western blotting for Shc, phospho-Erk and total Erk levels (C) Rescue by ectopic Shc isoform expression of Erk activation that was suppressed by down-regulation of endogenous ... Erk phosphorylation was completely suppressed by the Src-specific inhibitor CGP77675 as well as by the MEK1 inhibitor UO126 and partially attenuated by the PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin No effect was...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... of ESE-1 to diminish COX-2 promoter induction in response to LPS or IL-1 exposure Results COX-2 induction by pro-inflammatory stimuli correlates with ESE-1 induction Our previous data had indicated ... expression in response to LPS in RAW 264.7 cells by western blot revealed that the temporal pattern of COX-2 protein induction upon stimulation by LPS correlated with the expression pattern of ... activation of the COX-2 promoter by ESE-1 and by LPS To examine whether the Ets sites in the COX-2 promoter are responsive to ESE-1 and to determine whether LPS induction of the COX-2 promoter...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... products were identified by thin-layer chromatography, immunologically and by high-performance liquid chromatography The biological activity of (2–5)A oligomers was verified by inhibition of the protein ... after synthesis with shrimp alkaline phosphatase and analysed by HPLC The reaction products were also analyzed by TLC, followed by autoradiography to determine the product Based on these data ... by the jak/STAT pathway and initiated by cytokines [28] At present, studies on the elucidation of this pathway in S domuncula are in progress in our group As a consequence of the activation/induction...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... 4-OHT addition, whereas no induction was seen for cPLA2 This finding was confirmed by northern blotting which showed a 10-fold induction of Cox-2 mRNA after h (Fig 2B and C) Induction was specific for ... (B) Analysis by northern blotting of PPARb induction in the presence of UO126 or actinomycin D Shown is a quantitative evaluation of a northern blot by PhosphorImaging detect any induction of ... dramatic ERK-dependent induction of Cox-2 transcription and to a modest increase in mPGES-1 and PGIS mRNA expression (Fig 2) Induction of Cox-2 by Ras-dependent signaling, inclu- Raf induction of PGI2...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... Bodipy-TMR-PI(4,5)P2 by the MARCKS peptide has been shown to be caused by sequestering of the labeled lipid into domains [12] We show that the quenching of the Bodipy fluorescence by the Y11L-NAP-22-peptide ... solubility limit of cholesterol [17] Fig Quenching of the fluorescence emission by the NAP-22-peptide (dashed lines) or by the Y11L-NAP-22-peptide (solid lines) of Bodipy-TMR-PI(4,5)P2 LUVs composed ... is caused by the slow rate of interconversion of two forms of anhydrous cholesterol crystals [15] The polymorphic transition of anhydrous cholesterol crystals is most clearly seen by DSC in heating...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... promoter modified with TCTP UTRs The Luc UTRs have been replaced by TCTP mRNA 5¢- and 3¢-UTRs (5¢ ⁄ 3¢), by TCTP mRNA 5¢-UTR (5¢), or by TCTP mRNA 3¢UTR The TCTP 3¢-UTR but not the 5¢-UTR stimulated ... improved expression by hypoxia is partially controlled by UTRs of the appropriate mRNAs in interaction with RNA-BPs [26,27] In the case of TCTP mRNA, this view is supported by our RNA–protein ... luciferase mRNA were replaced by human TCTP mRNA UTRs The UTRs (5¢-UTR, 134 nucleotides, and 3¢-UTR, 257 nucleotides) [16] were amplified by PCR, and restriction sites were added by primer extension The...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... antibody followed by western analysis The expression of phosphorylated Stat5 was determined by using a specific antiphosphorylated Stat5 antibody and normalized for total Stat5 expression Induction of ... gland differentiation This model indicates that induction of mammary differentiation by alternation of the n-6 ⁄ n-3 ratio is mediated in part by activation of Jak2 ⁄ Stat5 signaling pathway ... particularly DPA and EPA accumulated in the mammary gland, which is mediated by B-FABP MRG Increased n-3 PUFAs activates Stat5 by induction of Stat5 tyrosine phosphorylation, stimulates milk protein...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 10:20

... was able to bind speci®cally (Fig 3D, lane 3) and could be supershifted by an Ets-1 speci®c antibody (lane 2), but not by an unrelated antibody (lane 13) Increasing amounts (10 and 100-fold molar ... 12, 1043±1053 Lim, F., Kraut, N., Framptom, J & Graf, T (1992) DNA binding by c-Ets-1, but not v-Ets, is repressed by an intramolecular mechanism EMBO J 11, 643±652 Jorcyk, C.L., Watson, D.K., ... using both PCR fragments with arti®cial restriction sites at the ends and DNA fragments obtained by restriction digestion The oligos used for point mutations in the three ETS response elements...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... promoter can be induced by a single dose of Gy The data presented indicate that radiation induction of the Egr-1 promoter is at least in part mediated by protein factors secreted by U87 cells in response ... effectively and quickly activated by growth factors, such as EGF, bFGF and other serum compounds [5,30,31], mechanisms leading to induction by radiation are by far less well understood Most likely ... factorb1 autoinduction J Biol Chem 264, 7041±7045 Santiago, F.S., Lowe, H.C., Day, F.L., Chesterman, C.N & Khachigian, L.M (1999) Early growth response factor-1 induction by injury is triggered by release...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... conditions, protected constructions and research  on  shoreline  recovering  measures  by artificial  beach nourishment.  The application of LITLINE is underpinned  by the  equation  of  the  continuity  for  sediment  volumes Q(x) [1]:  ... (Gia  Loc  ‐  Cai  Vo  segment)  is  4325  m  long,  characterized  by surface eroding and lowering process, which is  caused  by action  of  South  and  South‐East  breaking  wave  in  the  South‐West  ... m,  is  characterized  by erosion  process because of long‐shore tidal currents.  ‐ The third segment (shoreline of Got ‐ Hang  Day  inlet),  425  m,  is  characterized  by erosion  process because of tidal current impact. ...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 12:20

... macrophages by blocking mTOR activity G-CSF functions as an anti-inflammatory cytokine by activating antibacterial defense by neutrophils and by reducing the release of proinflammatory mediators, thereby ... both PI3K and mTOR [26], we speculated that the induction of Oct-2 expression by LPS might occur through an mTORdependent pathway and be inhibited by the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin In addition, ... expression of Oct-2 mRNA and Oct-2 protein in RAW264.7 macrophages, and the induction of Oct-2 protein by LPS is blocked by a PI3K or an Akt inhibitor (A) RAW264.7 cells were treated with 100 ngÆmL)1...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... ligand-stimulated NF-jB activation can be blocked by antioxidants, it appears that the generation of ROS may be involved in the induction of PAI-1 expression by TNFa via the activation of NF-jB Results ... followed by incubation with TNFa (50 ngÆmL)1) and the released PAI-1 antigen was determined by ELISA Figure 1A shows that the treatment of endothelial cells with TNFa increased PAI-1 antigen by almost ... complex is retained in the cytoplasm by IjB proteins Activation of NF-jB involves its phosphorylation by IjB kinase (IKK) and subsequent degradation of IjB by 26S proteasome To inhibit NF-jB,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... [estimated by the absorbance at 260 nm (A260)] The reaction was stopped by the addition of EDTA to a final concentration of mM and then cooled on ice The S1 fraction was obtained as the supernatant by ... the fractions were analyzed, by electrophoresis, on a 2% agarose gel, followed by staining with ethidium bromide The proteins precipitated from each 2.2-mL fraction, by adding 2.8 mL of 10% (w/w) ... acetonitrile is shown by a dotted line The relative absorbance at 229 nm (upper panel) and fluorescence (excitation, 330 nm, emission, 510 nm; lower panel) are shown by bold lines by sucrose density-gradient...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:22

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:29