post transcriptional and translational regulation

... and 3) Translational regulation of iPLA2c in myocardium Owing to the obvious complexity of the regulation of iPLA2c resulting from the combined presence of transcriptional and translational regulation, ... transcriptionally and/ or translationally regulated by as yet unidentified mechanisms To begin to identify the potential modes of the regulation of iPLA2c synthesis at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional ... contexts and in intact rat myocardium Herein, we demonstrate that iPLA2c synthesis is transcriptionally regulated by a transcriptional repressor domain nested in the 5¢-coding region and translationally...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... genes involved in transcriptional and translational processes As shown in Table 1, the up-regulated genes were COBRA1, ITGB4, STAU2, and HMGN3 with a SLR of 3.30, 2.61, 1.68 and 1.52, respectively ... green is less than reference, and gray is missing or excluded data Results Low concentration of ethanol selectively expresses genes involved in transcriptional and translational processes Figure ... induction of transcription factors (AP1, Elk1, Stat1, SRF and NFκB) and expression of apoptotic genes (Fas receptor, Fas ligand, FADD and caspase 8) [19] In addition, as confirmed by the functional...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:28

... occurrence of post- transcriptional regulation in Plasmodium parasites Such post- transcriptional regulation may also explain several discrepancies between mRNA abundance profiles and the expected ... electrophoresis intensity and level off for the rest of the time course, and two isoforms (4 and 5) that undergo a significant decrease through TP1 and TP2 and subsequent recovery in TP3 and TP4 (Figure ... translation and protein abundance In many other instances, though, changes in mRNA and protein levels are less well correlated, which may reflect sequence-specific factors and post- transcriptional regulation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... cycle, including positive-strand and minus-strand DNA synthesis, pre-genomic RNA packaging, and virion formation and release [17,18] This core protein is a phosphoprotein, and its function may be ... proteins, and thereby may influence host or viral gene expression at the post- transcriptional level In this review, we describe these viral SR proteins and also discuss the interplay between host and ... ICP27 plays multiple roles in post- transcriptional regulation, and is FEBS Journal 276 (2009) 1517–1526 ª 2009 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2009 FEBS 1519 Viral and cellular SR proteins M.-C...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... (MI:0007) Introduction In eukaryotes, the regulation of gene expression occurs at both transcriptional and post- transcriptional levels In the past, transcriptional regulations have been extensively investigated ... role played by post- transcriptional regulation in the control of gene expression As each step of the RNA metabolism is tightly regulated, the regulation of mRNA export, stability and translation ... metallinoproteinase13 and b2-adrenergic receptor are translationaly repressed by TIAR [9,10] In addition to the translational regulation of specific mRNAs, TIAR is involved in a broader translational...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 15:20

... nickel, cobalt and copper To discriminate between transcriptional and post- transcriptional actions, we performed cell transfection experiments and luciferase reporter gene assays in two different ... decay, and that this is associated with differences in the interaction of cytosolic proteins with the TCTP mRNA 5¢-UTR and 3¢-UTR Dioxin induced TCTP synthesis in a mixed transcriptional ⁄ post- transcriptional ... the finding that copper stimulates TCTP expression at the posttranscriptional level In earlier work, post- transcriptional events were postulated in the context of induction of human metallothionein...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... two stems (S1 and S2) and a hexanucleotide loop (L1), whereas HP2 contains a 9-bp stem (S3) and a 25-nucleotide large loop (L2) HP1 and HP2 are joined by an 11-nucleotide single-stranded region ... different mechanisms are involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA transport and splicing No significant sequence similarity was found between the sense and antisense strands of PRE-HBV1253–1582 (Fig S2A), ... similarity was found between the sense and antisense strands of PRE-ISS, suggesting a sequence-independent silencer mechanism Third, both the sense and antisense strands of PRE-ISS form complex secondary...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... binding sites, and the variable mRNA sequences to which the protein binds Specific autocontrol of translation: gp32 and gp43 Besides the two general post- transcriptional regulators, RegA and RegB, ... Uzan and Miller: Post- transcriptional control by bacteriophage T4: mRNA decay and inhibition of translation initiation Virology Journal 2010 7:360 Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and ... temporally regulated at the transcriptional level, gp32 inhibits its own translation when the protein accumulates in excess over its primary ligand, single-stranded DNA This regulation is achieved...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:21

... sion vector and 0.1 μg of LTR-2-Luc, and 10 ng of TKRenilla or μg HTLV-2Δp28 and 0.1 μg of LTR-2-Luc, and 10 ng of TK-Renilla Cell lysates were harvested at 48 h post transfection and dual luciferase ... nucleus, thus decreasing Tax and Rex protein and viral replication via a posttranscriptional mechanism [30] However, the specific role of p28 in the context of a proviral clone, and ultimately on virus ... been shown to interact with transcriptional co-activators/acetyltransferases, p300/CBP and TIP60, displaying both positive and inhibitory transcriptional effects on viral and cellular promoters [33-37]...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:20

... Beng Huat and Dr Leong Wai Teng, for their guidance in my research Prof Chua gives valuable and comprehensive comments and critiques of my drafts and helps to improve my research arguments and writings ... Hsien, Jia Lin and Gui Kai Chong Finally, I own special thanks to my parents, Prof Xu Changfa and A/P Ye Cuihua in Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) and my husband Dr Wang Bang ... authorities and important media are centered The two important media regulation agencies, the party’s Central Propaganda Department (CPD) and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:04

... regulation) ; 2) maturation and translation of the mRNA (translational regulation) ; and 2) regulation at the protein level (post- translational regulation) Post- translational regulation of proteins ... cycle regulation 21 Protein post- translational regulation and modification 2.1 Common regulatory mechanisms of protein activity 23 2.2 Protein sub-cellular localization 24 2.2.1 Nuclear import and ... 2.3 Post- translational modifications (PTM) 25 2.3.1 Phosphorylation 25 2.3.2 Acetylation 30 2.3.3 Ubiquitination and sumoylation 34 Materials and Methods Materials 3.1 39 3.2 Plasmid DNA and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:56

... for and trial designs will enable testing of multiple drugs specific trials; and monitor responses to therapy at once, and provide more meaningful insight into what does and doesn’t work, and ... researchers to more quickly and easily identify those that can guide research and patient care A SCO’s Blueprint for Transforming Clinical and Translational Research 11 yy Biomarkers and diagnostic assays ... Clinical and Translational Research 17 industry to convene stakeholders in trial develop- approaches, identify new standards and develop ment to examine current exclusionary criteria and strategies...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 21:20

... Diamond, D W., and Dybvig, P H 1983 Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity Journal of Political Economy 91 (June): 401-19 Dothan, U., and Williams, J 1980 Banks, bankruptcy and public regulation ... approach under alternative private information structures, and we draw on some of these results as well See Ramakrishnan and Thakor (1984) and Boyd and Prescott (1985) Banking Theory 59 is made (to ... banking, and various regulatoryreductions and changes Some of these changes are accelerated by the current high rate of bankfailure;many of the changes are drivenby technology and competitionand are...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 11:20

... beverages and candy/frozen desserts ($11.6 million each), and juice and non-carbonated beverages ($10.2 million) Relative to overall in-store and packaging expenditures for the reported brands, the ... appeared on packages and store displays for fruit snacks, breakfast cereals, candy, yogurt, frozen waffles, toaster pastries, macaroni and cheese, and fruits and vegetables Multi-brand food companies ... baked goods, and fruits and vegetables Cross-promotions targeting an adolescent audience were used for snack foods, candy, and carbonated drinks ES-3 Marketing Food to Children and Adolescents...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 07:20

... positions 1, and and RNP position (see the following section and Fig 1) The RNP and RNP motifs are located in the central strands of the b-sheet, namely b3 and b1, respectively, and are highly ... Figs and 2) can have different lengths and are often disordered in the free form An exception to this is loop that often forms a small two-stranded b-sheet (b3¢ and b3¢) (Fig 2) The N- and C-terminal ... RRM and the linker region are observed In the case of PABP, the interdomain interactions are mediated through many salt bridges and van der Waals contacts between a2 and b4 of RRM and b2 and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... for-loop You can see how simple it is to implement this using a for loop, because they both (inner and outer) are counter-controlled Program 7-4 #include #include using namespace...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 08:20

... of the Regulations These Regulations apply to the education, the tests and examination of the Master’s Degree Programmes International Economics and Business, Economics of Competition and Regulation ... Globalization Energy and Environmental Economics Thesis Economics of Competition and Regulation Component Empirical Economics Markets, Competition and Regulation Markets and Strategy Corporate ... and expertise in social, professional and economic contexts; applying (international) economic theories and models for the testing and / or development of economic policies of organisations and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

... Policy and Regulation; Corporation and Securities Law; Regulated Industries and Administrative Law; Economics of Regulation; Firm Organization and Market Acknowledgements The research and writing ... policy and setting regulation standards and rules (including the authorization of firms); approval and registration of senior management and key personnel; investigation, enforcement and discipline; ... of England which emphasised the need for fit and proper standards for senior managers and directors of banks In both the US and UK, the soundness principle and prudential regulatory standards...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 10:20

... miR-29b and miR-29c) in the border zone of murine and human hearts during myocardial infarction [25] This study also showed down -regulation of miR-149 and increased expression of miR-21, miR-214 and ... including heart, lung, kidney and liver (Fig 1) miRNA and cardiac fibrosis Cardiac fibroblasts are the most numerous cell type in the heart and are central to the regulation of cardiac ECM metabolism ... shown that miR-133 and miR-30 target the down -regulation of CTGF expression in cultured rat cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts Investigations using rodent models of cardiac hypertrophy and samples from...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20

... kinases ATM and ATR ATR and ATM in turn phosphorylation-dependently activate the downstream checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Chk2, respectively, and the tumour suppressor p53 Furthermore, ATM and ATR ... activation loop between p73 and HIPK2, as previously described for HIPK2 and p53, also remains to be clarified Post- translational modifications of p73 by acetylation through p300 and by phosphorylation ... tightly controlled by its post- translational modification status and that of its E3 ubiquitin ligases, in particular through site-specific phosphorylation, acetylation and ubiquitination [13,14]...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:20