neurophysiology and functional neuroanatomy of pain perception

... Snider and McMahon 1998; Petruska et al. 2002). K.G. Usunoff · A. Popratiloff · O. Schmitt · A. Wree Functional Neuroanatomy of P ain With 19 Figures 123 34 Functional Neuroanatomy of the Pain ... 26 Functional Neuroanatomy of the Pain System ThecriticalroleoftheSTTinpainisuniversallyacknowledged,buttherelative in volvement in pain sensation of lamina I neurons and the wide-d ... “neuropathic pain. ” Here, we presen t an updated review of the functional anatomy of normal and neuropathic pain. 2 Functional Neuroanatomy of the Pain System 2.1 Primary Afferent Neuron The primary...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/12/2013, 10:33

... prepare own meals and handle money. A limited number of tests of physical performance for assessing the functioning of upper and lower extremities were carried out, using standard procedures. ... included: semi tandem stand, full tandem stand, rising from chair without using arms and shoulder external rotation (full). A younger member of the household present at the time of the interview ... Years of life expectancy free of problems with PADL 12.32 13.43 Years of LE free of problems with all ADL 7.81 8.33 % of total LE free of problems with PADL 93.3 91.2 % of ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 06:20

... HPRT and hypoxanthine. (C) PRTFDC1 and guanine. (D) HPRT and guanine. Table 2. K m and V max values for Hx and G in the presence of 1 mM PRPP, determined using the DE-81 filter paper assay and ... PRTFDC1 towards hypoxanthine and guanine is only 0.26% and 0.09%, respectively, of the activity of HPRT, the role of the PRTFDC1 in purine metabolism remains unclear and it is uncertain whether ... elucidation of the structure of PRTFDC1 and the definition of its ligand binding specificity from a large metabolome library provides an initial start point for defining the molecular function of PRTFDC1....

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... has structural and functional properties of RNase and participates in degradation of IL-1b mRNA Danuta Mizgalska 1 , Paulina We˛ grzyn 1 , Krzysztof Murzyn 2 , Aneta Kasza 1 , Aleksander Koj 1 , Jacek ... 2,3 and 4, lower band). The levels of mutant and wild-type MCPIP mRNAs were higher when these vectors were co-transfected with a vector overexpress- ing IL-1b (Fig. 5, lanes 3 and 4, upper bands). ... by many stimulants, and regulates the level of IL-1b mRNA and of its own transcript. Further stud- ies are necessary to clarify the biological role of MCPIP as a nuclease and to identify the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 14:20

... D and E + F), (b) a few hydrogen bonds, and a hydrophobic interaction between A + C, B + E and D + F, and (c) electrostatic forces in the central channel of the hexamer between B, C and F, and ... Glu204 (Fig. 3A,C), and a hydrophobic interaction between Thr131 and Phe133 (Fig. 3D). The central channel of the hexamer is made up of two layers of electrostatic forces on top of each other, with ... three lysines from the B, C and F subunits, and there is no direct interaction between subunits A and F, B and D, or C and E. A phosphate ion was found in the donor site of all subunits (Fig. 2B),...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... concentration of Rep245 pre- pared in 10 mm sodium phosphate (pH 7.4) was 5 lm. CD spectra were recorded at 60, 70 and 80 °C between 190 and 260 nm with a step increase of 0.2 nm, and a bandwidth of 1 ... plausibly involved in DNA recognition and binding and is positioned left of the active site [14]. Rep245 is both capable of de novo synthesis of DNA primers and of elongating them. Long DNA extension ... 5.0, 5.4 and 5.8), Tris ⁄ HCl (pH 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 and 8.0) and glycine ⁄ NaOH (pH 8.6, 9.0 and 9.6). (B) Dependence of Rep245 polymerase activity on metal ions. The results are the means of three...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... 29, 24 and 12 h at temperatures of 4, 13 and 26.5 °C, respectively. Inhibition of AK by the specific inhibitor Ap5A and its effect on growth of L. donovani promastigotes in vitro The effect of the ... inhibitor of AK, competitively inhibited activity of the recombinant enzymes with estimated K i values of 190 n M and 160 n M for ATP and AMP, respectively. Ap 5 A also inhibited the growth ofL. donovani ... K i values of 190 n M and 160 n M for ATP and AMP, respectively. Ap5A also inhibited growth of L. donovani promastigotes in vitro (Fig. 7) with IC 50 value of 27 ± 5 l M . The effect of Ap 5 A...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... described the isolation of full-length cDNAs encoding three subtypes of the Xenopus laevis brain TRHR (xTRHR1, xTRHR2 and xTRHR3) and their functional expression in Xenopus oocytes and mammalian cells. ... consists of a large, rapid and transient response that is typical of Ca 2+ -dependent Cl – channels activated after stimulation of PLC and the subsequent InsP 3 -dependent mobilization of Ca 2+ from intracellular ... (Cys335 and 337) and xTRHR2 (Cys339 and 341). By contrast, only one of these residues (Cys342) corresponding to the homologous Cys337 is present in xTRHR3 (also in fish TRHR2). Since palmitoylation of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

... lipoprotein lipase and functional studies of the carboxyl-terminal domain Yoko Kobayashi, Toshiaki Nakajima and Ituro Inoue Division of Genetic Diagnosis, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, ... modeling, addition of hydrogen, modification of bonds, potentials of forcefield, and fixation of heavy atom, backbone, and Ca, were performed for molecular mechanics calculations. and then the energy minimization ... chimeras of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase. Localization of heparin and cofactor binding. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 30979–30984. 22. Sendak, R.A. & Bensadoun, A. (1998) Identification of a heparin- binding...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... long a-helices and a final b-strand, F, which protrudes from the core of the monomer and runs anti-parallel to the same strand of a second monomer, allowing for the formation of the dimer. The surface of ... glutamate and aspar- tate residues confined to the portion of the molecule involving a-helix A, the nearby loop, the first and last turns of helices E and F, and the C-terminus helices I and J. In ... structure of only three of these unique components (CagZ, CagS and CagD) is now available, along with Caga ATPase. The lack of a clear picture of the biological func- tion and organization of some...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:21

... the C-termini of other members of the secre- tion family, such as PilQ of Myxococcus xanthus [28], ExeD of Aeromonas salmonicida [29], PilQ of P. aerugi- nosa [25,30], and PilQ of N. gonorrhoeae ... compilation ª 2006 FEBS N-terminal domain of PilQ, and the colocalization of PilQ with PilW in inner and outer membranes and the results from the pilW and pilQ mutant studies, it is tempting to ... assembly and stability of PilQ multimers at the inner membrane and transport of these subassemblies to the outer membrane. The presence of the pilin-like PilA4 protein in the inner and outer...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... Pisarchik and A. Slominski (Eur. J. Biochem. 271) Ó FEBS 2004 Molecular and functional characterization of novel CRFR1 isoforms from the skin Alexander Pisarchik and Andrzej Slominski Department of ... isoform where exon 3 and exon 6 are spliced out (U16273); CRFR1d isoform where exons 6 and 13 are missing (AF180301); CRH-R1e with deletion of exons 3 and 4 (AF369651); CRFR1f with deletion of ... with deletion of exon 11, 27 basepairs of exon 10 and 28 basepairs of exon 12 (AF369653); and CRFR1h with addition of a cryptic exon (AF374231) [15–18]. In rodents, three CRFR1 isoforms have already...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... Here we confirm and extend earlier studies of these AAA-peroxins and give a further detailed functional analysis of their cassette structure and interaction. The interaction of Pex1p and Pex6p involves their ... parts of the N-terminal fragment and ⁄ or the second cassette; AB DC EF Fig. 5. Effects of point mutation of the WalkerA and B motifs of the AAA-cassettes of Pex6p on the morphological appearance of ... localization and I. Birschmann et al. Domain function of Pex1p and Pex6p FEBS Journal 272 (2005) 47–58 ª 2004 FEBS 57 Structural and functional analysis of the interaction of the AAA-peroxins Pex1p and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... distribution of VBARP is independent of the cycling stage of the cells. Identification of biological function(s) of VBARP using a siRNA assay To examine the role of endogenous VBARP in the regulation of ... prosite motif scan and netphos software, also predicted the presence of several potential serine, threonine, and tyrosine phosphorylation sites (cAMP, PKC, and CK2), and the presence of nine potential ... consisted of a 576-bp fragment absent from the shorter VBARP-S and contained a 114-bp UTR (Fig. 2A). Intron and exon analysis of VBARP revealed that VBARP-L and VBARP-S con- tain 11 and 9 exons,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... dose-dependence of the regula- tion of the activity of the zebrafish ST by these divalent metal cations and their modes of action. Fig. 6. Effects of divalent metal cations on the sulfating activity of the zebrafish ... zebrafish SULT1 ST1 and ST2 mRNAs in cultured zebrafish cells (lanes 1 and 3) and whole zebrafish (lanes 2 and 4) by RT-PCR. The primers used for amplification of zebrafish SULT1 ST1 and 2 were the same ... 3-chloro-4-biphenylol and 4,4¢-dihydroxy-3,3¢,5,5¢-tetrachlorobiphenyl in zebra- Fig.7. (A)DetectionofzebrafishSULT1ST1andST2mRNAsand (B) Western blot analysis of zebrafish SULT1 ST1 protein. (A) Detec- tion of zebrafish...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20