methods surveillance and codes models

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2012, 09:13

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... data models (as in single-equation multiple-regression models) we are interested in testing two types of hypotheses: hypotheses about the variances and covariances of the stochastic error terms and ... refer to variables by the first part name and the question mark Thus, if we type a command using GDP? EViews uses all three GDP series for the USA, Canada, and Mexico Notice the button PoolGenr PoolGenr ... cross-section weights or SUR methods or any AR(p) specification is used, the results all asymptotically based so that the t-stats are approximately standard normal and the Wald F-stats are approximately...

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2013, 18:15

... assertion we review the concept of copulas and state a simple proposition which is the basis of comparing existing models and defining new and structurally different models Copulas Copulas are simply the ... function of a standard d-dimensional normal random vector with correlation matrix R, and Φ is the distribution function of univariate Ga standard normal CR is known as the Gaussian copula, and this ... Variable Models To understand that the use of the Gaussian copula leads to models that are structurally equivalent we introduce a formal definition of equivalence for latent variable models and present...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:21

... the internationally recognized standards and codes The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) instituted Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) that assess key areas ... accounting and auditing practices with international standards and good practices using International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and International Standards on Auditing (ISA) as benchmarks, and ... Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to prepare Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) The assessment focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the accounting and auditing...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... multiple methods of context similarity, and concluded that agglomerative clustering provides effective means of inference (Gooi and Allan, 2004) Pedersen et al (2006) and Purandare and Pedersen ... Reading and Learning to Read Andrew McCallum and Ben Wellner 2004 Conditional models of identity uncertainty with application to noun coreference In Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) Andrew ... of hand-tuned weights, dictionaries, and heuristics to define similarity for name disambiguation (Blume, 2005; Baron and Freedman, 2008; Popescu et al., 2008) These approaches are greedy and differ...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... segmentation and polarity labeling and compare them to the joint opinion extractor and polarity classifier by Choi and Cardie (2010) Secondly, we extend the global structure approach and add features ... points in intersection F-measure and points in recall The improvements over Choi and Cardie (2010) ranged between 10 and 15 in overlap F-measure and between 17 and 24 in recall This is not only ... Facts, Opinions and Bias in Time, and under grant 247758: Trustworthy Eternal Systems via Evolving Software, Data and Knowledge (EternalS) References Stephan Bloehdorn and Alessandro Moschitti...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... The previous section compared similiar joint and conditional tagging models This section compares a pair of joint and conditional parsing models The models are both stochastic shift-reduce parsers; ... Lari and S.J Young 1990 The estimation of Stochastic Context-Free Grammars using the Inside-Outside algorithm Computer Speech and Language, 4(35-56) Andrew McCallum, Dayne Freitag, and Fernando ... investigates closely related joint and conditional tagging models (the latter can be regarded as a simplification of the Maximum Entropy Markov Models of McCallum et al (2000)), and shows that MLEs outperform...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... November 25, 2008 Strikes and vols are expressed as differences from the respective ATM values Source: Bloomberg Andersen and Andreasen (2002), Piterbarg (2005), Wu and Zhang (2006) and Zhu (2007) In ... the pricing formulas for caplets and swaptions Section introduces stochastic volatility and derives the dynamics of rates and volatilities under generic forward and swap measures Hints on the derivation ... opportunities In fact, let us denote the FRA rate and the forward rate implied by the two deposits with maturity T1 and T2 by FX and FD , respectively, and assume that FD > FX One may then be tempted...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 07:20

... Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and International Standards on Auditing (ISA) as benchmarks and draws on international experience and good practices in the field of accounting and auditing regulation ... used for QC candidates (that is those who will be eligible to become auditors) and those used for CPAA candidates 40 Overall, examination standards are high and the examinations are set and assessed ... Accounting and Auditing ROSC Page 28 Appendix: Accounting Standard Monitoring and Enforcement Benchmarking against CESR Standard No 1, Enforcement of Standards on Financial Information in Europe Standard...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 22:20

... mistransmitted (Models 1, 3, 5), and how the N and V probabil- ities acquired by a given learner are coupled In ˆ Model there is no coupling (ˆ t and βt learned α independently), in Models 2–3 coupling takes ... −k2 k2 t t PB (k1 , k2 ) ≡ (2) αt and βt , the probability that a random member of Gt produces N and V examples as σ´ , are the σ ˆ ensemble averages of αt and βt over all members ˆ of Gt Because ... models are analyzed, allowing for much more detailed models of language learning and usage than those considered here (e.g Choudhury et al., 2006; Minett & Wang, 2008; Baxter et al., 2009; Landsbergen,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... : , and similarly elsewhere The theory defines the properties of seven nodes: an abstract V e r b node, nodes E n V e r b , A u x and M o d a l , and three abstract lexemes W a l k , M o w and ... the other hand, the value of 1The syntax presented in (Evans and Gazdar, 1989a; Evans and Gazdar, 1989b) permits nodes and paths to stand as local descriptors However, these additional forms can ... templates and inheritance In Ted Briscoe, Valeria de Paiva, and Ann Copestake, editors, Inheritance, Defaults and the Lexicon, pages 13-37 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Greville Corbett and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... improvement to the Ravichandran and Hovy (2002) algorithm based on Partially Untethered Contextual Pattern Models Learning a position-based model using absolute and relative positions and sequential order ... in question and, there has been a plethora of work in the seed-based bootstrapping literature which addresses this problem (Ravichandran and Hovy, 2002; Thelen and Riloff, 2002; Mann and Yarowsky, ... “A1 p A2 q A3 ”, where p and q are and respectively, is given using the rote extractor model probability as in (Ravichandran and Hovy, 2002; Mann and Yarowsky 2005): x,y∈r...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... equality constraints between terms and formulas built from the atomic constraints using the standard logic operators, namely disjunction, conjunction and negation, and that a notion of validity can ... t':c' and t":c" and c is logically equivalent to d, then t:d is also a unifier Similarly if, for some variable x and term r, we can derive x=r from c, then [r/x](t:c) is also a unifier for t':c' and ... w v a r i a b l e s and p( ) which can be defined is by: and f o r c o n s t r a i n t s ( k e e p i n g in m i n d that implication and e q u i w d e n c e are just shorthands): Rewriting lrue...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... Executive Summary i Chapter Background and Methods Chapter Representativeness of Sample and Characteristics of the Households and Study Population Chapter General and Psychosocial Health 25 Chapter ... 10 and below and from both parent and children for children aged 11 to 14 The scope of the survey included the followings: 1) general and psychosocial health, 2) physical health, 3) diet and ... injury and safety practices, 6) parenting, and 7) disease prevention and utilization of health care services General and Psychosocial Health The survey showed that 92.2% of children aged to and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... the United Kingdom, Netherlands and Switzerland (Emanuel and Emanuel 1994; Fisher 1980; Garber, MaCurdy and McClellan 1997; Lubitz and Riley 1993; Meerding et al 1998 and references cited therein; ... countries and, in the case of developing countries, an expansion of the unmet financial needs of the elderly (Alam 1998; Antolin and Suyker 2001; Antolin, Oxley and Suyker 2001; Bloom, Nandakumar and ... comparable and comprehensive measures of population health and comparative assessments of the burden of diseases, injuries and risk factors; and to investigate the costs, efficacy and effectiveness...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 13:20

... takes new tuples and a current state and output new tuples and a modified state and pass, prop, keep are three behavior functions that take punctuation marks and state as input and returns additional ... etc.) always return a sequence of length one and they are all nonmonotonic, and therefore blocking Continuous count and sum are monotonic and nonblocking, and thus suitable for continuous queries ... equivalent defines the two queries pUq and coalscp, the first on P and Q and the second on P only We will refer to them as the coalesce query and the until query, and observe that they are monotonic...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... Z-Score and ZETA® Models Background This paper discusses two of the venerable models for assessing the distress of industrial corporations These are the so-called Z-Score model (1968) and ZETA® ... sized distressed firms and is unquestionably relevant to both small and large firms Variable Selection After the initial groups are defined and firms selected, balance sheet and income statement ... of the model and in holdout sample testing Sample and Data Characteristics and Statistical Methodology Sample Characteristics Our two samples of firms consist of 53 bankrupt firms and a matched...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:44

... language and translation models and on their combination with general models in order to achieve a proper balance between precision (specialized in-domain models) and recall (general out-of-domain models) ... proper cooperation between ‘EU’ and ‘WNG’ models ‘EU’ models provides recall, for instance by suggesting translation candidates for ‘bombs’ or ‘price below’ ‘WNG’ models provide precision, for ... ‘WNG’ and ‘EU+WNG’ systems FE , FW and FEW refer to the GTM (e = 1) F-measure attained by the ‘EU’, ‘WNG’ and ‘EU+WNG’ systems, respectively ‘Source’, OutE , OutW and OutEW refer to the input and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... Automatic transliteration and back-transliteration by decision tree learning In Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, pages 1135–1411 Sarvnaz Karimi, Andrew Turpin, and Falk Scholer 2006 ... transliteration In String Processing and Information Retrieval, pages 255–266 Alexandre Klementiev and Dan Roth 2006 Weakly supervised named entity transliteration and discovery from multilingual ... Research and Development on Information Retrieval, pages 365–366 Dmitry Zelenko and Chinatsu Aone 2006 Discriminative methods for transliteration In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Empirical Methods...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20