meningococcal ligands and molecular targets of the host

... cellular outcomes, the sequence and structure of the activity domain of PMT differ considerably from those of the other dermonecrotic toxins [3] and point to a clear functional example of convergent ... Although the precise localization of the domains responsible for receptor binding and translocation activity remains unclear, these domains are located in the N-terminus of each of these toxins and ... is the detection of the modification, which involves the detection of a molecular mass change of Da in a relatively large protein substrate (20–45 kDa) Another challenge is the development of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:21

... With the exception of four a-helices and two pairs of short b-strands, the rest of the protein consists almost entirely of loops connecting the b-strands The loops extending from the Ó FEBS 2004 ... b-sandwich are composed of seven b-strands Many of the side-chains in the b-sheets are hydrophobic, and interactions between these residues appear to hold the b-sandwich in position With the ... was 1.8°, the standard deviation of the hydrogen bond energies was 0.7 and overall G-factor, a measure of the normality of the structure, was 0.0 Fig SDS/PAGE and activity analysis of recombinant...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... a4-helix to the b4 strand and the b9 strand to the b10 strand at the bottom of the Zn-stem loop in the pRN1 prim–pol structure However, because the Zn-stem loop is a fairly self-standing structure ... 70 and 80 °C between 190 and 260 nm with a step increase of 0.2 nm, and a bandwidth of nm Thermal stability of Rep245 was measured by incubating the protein at 60, 70 and 80 °C for 30 and then ... the two-metal-ion mechanism of both RNA and DNA synthesis [17] In a previous study, we reported the findings of an analysis of the complete sequence of the cryptic plasmid pIT3 isolated from the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... illustrates the overall saddle shape of the dimeric structure and the key heparin-binding residues in the N-terminal domain held coordinately by the two subunits on the top of the hollow (Fig 1A) The ... the C-terminal domain of apoCII interacts with the interface of the N- and C-terminal domains of LPL and part of the lid surface [32] Because the functional importance of LPL’s C-terminal domain ... not the lipase activity and that the normal affinity of these mutants for heparin (Fig 3, Table 1) implies conservation of the overall structure of the WW and WWW mutants – indicate that these...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... biologists and wish became the father of thought and the grandfather of observation: they claimed to see small but fully formed organisms in the sperm of men, horses, cocks and other animals and also ... distinct tissues come together, and here we will examine the generation of the neural tube in the newt and the formation of the ducted submandibular glands of the mouse The latter example in particular ... development, the position of epithelial folding, the direction of spindle orientation and hence the direction of cell growth, the amount of sac contraction, and the symmetry of epithelial drying...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 11:21

... properties of both conserved and unique components of the Cag-T4SS, together with potential implications for the current understanding of its mode of action The cagPAI and the Cag type IV secretion ... details of secretion apparatus assembly, as well as in the molecular mechanisms of effector protein secretion This minireview describes the composition of the cagPAI and the properties of both ... phosphorylation of its effector protein CagA into various host cells is a hallmark of CagT4SS activity Despite the molecular characterization of a number of effects in host cells, the exact function of CagA...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:21

... and sequenced as above The fulllength cDNA of lac1 was then generated by 3¢-RACE using the primer 5¢-TCTCAACCGTCGACAGCAG TGTTCGTG-3¢ designed from the sequence of the extreme 5¢ end of lac1 The ... abundance was evaluated in the exponential phase of the reaction (half of the maximum product) To further validate the assays, the optimized cycle number (23 and 28 for gpd and lac1, respectively) ... purified and characterized one of these laccases, lac1, and cloned and sequenced the cDNA encoding the protein RT-PCR was used to study the regulation of lac1 gene expression in V volvacea when the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... induced against the linear isoform of the HNE peptide Although the binding pattern may be somewhat blurred by these antibodies and by the polyclonal nature of the sera, the importance of residues ... with the intact protein (Fig 8B,F) For the binding of the sera to the HNE peptide, the importance of the Cys residues was relatively low, in comparison to the binding with the mAbs BH216, BH21 and ... Similarly, the e-amino group of K387 could form a salt bridge with the close carboxyl group of E395 and further stabilize the peptide structure within the complex with the antibody In the virus, the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... significantly in the presence or absence of the b1B subunit, whereas, under the same conditions, the rate of inactivation was increased in the presence of the b1 subunit The effects of b1B were further assessed ... in Fig 4A–D, the rates of activation and inactivation of the sodium current via 4768 N Qin et al (Eur J Biochem 270) Ó FEBS 2003 Fig The effect of b1B and b1 subunits on the function and expression ... part of intron adjacent to exon (Fig 1C and Table 1) As the site of divergence between the b1 and b1B subunit cDNAs was located precisely at the exon 3/intron boundary of the SCN1B gene, the human...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... disulfide bond These estimates of the molecular mass of ST94 were supported by the result of gel permeation HPLC (Fig 3) There was a minor band between 140 and 232 kDa in the native-PAGE of Fig 2A ... with trypsin The molecular masses of the subunits of ST94 and ST94t were similar to those of the proenzymes ( 70–80 kDa) and the activated enzymes by proteolysis ( 60–70 kDa) of a bivalve tyrosinase ... affect the activities of ST94 and ST94t Table Effects of tyrosinase inhibitors on the o-diphenolase activities of ST94 and ST94t The o-diphenolase activities of ST94 and ST94t were measured by the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... i.e DIMs and PGL-tb; and (b) to address the question of the function of the two related molecules DIM A and DIM B According to the accepted model of DIM and PGL biosynthesis [17], DIM A and PGL-tb ... bacteria of the PMM56 mutant strain were present in the spleen of these mice For the determination of the number of PMM56 bacteria present in the spleen of these four mice, we thus chose a value of ... roles of the various members of the DIM family, e.g DIM A and DIM B, in these functions have never been investigated The recent developments in our understanding of the biosynthetic pathway of DIMs...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 09:20

... creates a better understanding of the specicity and selectivity of this enzyme and allows for further exploration and design of new therapeutic inhibitors The majority of the currently known DPPIV ... observed the relax of beta barrel structure of Pla and the progressive approximation and stabilization between the cleavage site of Plg into the extracellular loops of Pla, followed of the increase of ... domain of the protein and to stabilize the role of the cofactor in the activity and in folding stabilization of the enzyme After h of the limited proteolysis with endoproteinase Asp-N the product...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:20

... is the angle between the projection of the tilt of the z axis on the xÂ, y plane (dened direction of tilt of z and the x axis), and j % a + c denes the location of the rhombic (x, y) axes The ... The two structures of WT metHb and rWT metHbH2O, exhibit signicant differences in the interaction of the FG loop with the heme and in the position of the B-helix, with Tyr32(B10) closer to the ... of WT and the other of rWT metHb, exhibit differences that include important portions of the protein that we have characterized above Thus parts of the FG corner move away from the heme and the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:22

... identification of the minimal essential region required for the interaction with the middle domain, which mediates the dimerization of HSP90, and the other, the identification of the minimal region of the ... roles of the C-terminal domain of HSP90 (Eur J Biochem 270) 147 and geldanamycin, a specific inhibitor of HSP90 molecular chaperone; and the other is in the C-terminal domain Minami et al [16] and ... middle and C-terminal domains of GRP94 The bacterial two-hybrid system was used to evaluate the binding activity The value of the combination of the middle and the C-terminal domains was set...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:22

... activity, because the number of the metal-binding sites found in the crystal structures of the enzyme–metal ion complex formed in the absence of the substrate varies for different enzymes and different ... of human RNase HI with the substrate and Mg2+, the RNA ⁄ DNA hybrid binds to the protein, such that the RNA backbone fits in one groove containing the active site and the DNA backbone fits in the ... encoding RNases HII The question arises whether the number and types of the RNase H genes contained in the single bacterial genomes are correlated with the evolutionary relationships of their source...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... sequences of the A ⁄ B and E regions of LaEcR-A and LaRXR with those of other arthropods are shown in Fig We compared the deduced amino acid sequences of LaEcR-A and LaRXR with those of EcRs and USPs ... the elucidation of EcR and USP (RXR) structures is important for understanding the molecular mechanism of the action of 20E In this study, we report the cloning of cDNAs for EcR and RXR from an ... we determined the cDNA sequences of the EcRs and the USPs (RXRs) of Chilo suppressalis [14] and Leptinotarsa decemlineata [15] Dissociation constants of the binding of PonA to these receptors...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... illustrated by the superimposition of the 3D structures of kistrin [32] and cardosin A (Fig 8) The importance of both motifs and in particular their basic residues was further emphasized by the complete ... of charge and is positioned at the tip of a loop and is therefore reminiscent of RGD sequences present in integrin-binding molecules because of its exposed location On the basis of these structural ... test further the specificity of the interaction, native cardosin B was used in the binding assays Despite the high similarity between the two pistil aspartic proteinases, neither the RGD nor the similar...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... distribution of Tax-2 molecules was analyzed in the presence and in the absence of CIITA In the absence of CIITA, Tax-2 localizes both and in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of 293T cells often with ... results and drafted the manuscript GT participated in the design and coordination of the study and in the discussion of the results RSA conceived the study, and participated in its design and coordination ... in the presence of CIITA were performed by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy In the absence of CIITA, Tax-2 localized both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus in the great majority of the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... distribution of Tax-2 molecules was analyzed in the presence and in the absence of CIITA In the absence of CIITA, Tax-2 localizes both and in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of 293T cells often with ... results and drafted the manuscript GT participated in the design and coordination of the study and in the discussion of the results RSA conceived the study, and participated in its design and coordination ... in the presence of CIITA were performed by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy In the absence of CIITA, Tax-2 localized both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus in the great majority of the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... situated on the side of the species in the majority represented in the neighbourhood, the sessile oak The comparison of the mean values of the groups on the first axis of DFAa by means of the F-test ... means of the comparison of the RAPD marker frequencies of a subsampling of these progenies and of the adult population Analysis of the morphological characters MATERIALS AND METHODS Sampling The ... analysis In the second case of the figure, the heterozygote deficit (f) must be considered The frequency of the phenotype A+ is the sum of the frequency of the genotype P : +/+ All of the 41 ied...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21