... student’s EnglishLanguage Proficiency (ELP), as defined by Cambridge
University, is his or her level of attainment of skills in listening, speaking, reading,
writing, and comprehension in the English ... process of globalization.
1.1.2. Language Proficiency and Language Proficiency Needed in the Context of
Globalization
1.1.2.1. Language Proficiency
Oxford English Dictionary defines language proficiency ... motivation of students is one of the most important factors
influencing success or failure in teaching and learning a language. There are two types
of motivation: instrumental and integrative. Instrumental...
... the
effectiveness of various types of L2 instruction are being redefined and stipulated according
to various moderator variables. These include the internal status of a learner’s inter -language,
age, language ... years of schooling in English) , but still couldn’t read well.
In summarizing the findings, the authors note that all four oral language proficiency features
yielded differences among low, intermediate, ... an International
Reading Association resolution (1998) suggest that if native language reading instruction
does not precede or coincide with English reading instruction, then English reading
instruction...
... for
training a PSMT system or input to the decoder.
The processing steps are shown in figure 1.
For the development of the reordering rules, we
used a small sample of the training data. In par-
ticular, ... Computational Linguistics
Determining the placement of German verbsinEnglish to–German
SMT
Anita Gojun Alexander Fraser
Institute for Natural Language Processing
University of Stuttgart, Germany
{gojunaa, ... such
as English and German. When translating from
English to German, verbsin the German output
are often incorrectly left near their position in En-
glish, creating problems of fluency. Verbs are...
... after reading the proof of this series.
CONTENTS.
THE ART OF WRITING AND SPEAKING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 7
WORD-STUDY
INTRODUCTION THE STUDY OF SPELLING
The Art Of Writing & ... brain complain daily dairy daisy drain dainty explain fail fain= gain gait gaiter grain hail jail
laid maid mail maim nail paid= pail paint plain prairie praise quail rail rain raise raisin remain ... rail rain raise raisin remain sail= saint snail
sprain stain straight strain tail train vain waist wait waive
ai for i or e obscure.
bargain captain certain curtain mountain
oa for o: long.
board...
... parts of a sentence simply by using stress on important
words. In writing, of course, we cannot do this. Instead, we can emphasise particular words
or phrases by putting everything into a kind of ... definition, that is a definition that explains precisely the essential, intrinsic
characteristics of an object.
the nominal definition, that is one that helps to determine the meaning of ... include:
in a certain way
from a certain point of view
with regard to …
as regards …
in being
in that it is
inasmuch as it is
more + adjective
less + adjective
A is superior to
inferior...