issues in natural language

... of set domain relational calculus used in TQA then provides a basis for either taking the initiative in automat- ically printing these implicitly requested values or for engaging in a dialog ... parcels in subplan- ning area 410?" 53 THEORETICAL/TECHNICAL ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES S. R. Petrick IBM T.J. Watson Research Center INTRODUCTION In responding to ... second NP dominates the string "WARD 1 BLOCK 2". The feature + UNIT on a node that dominates PARKING SPACE is not found in the corresponding structure involving PARKINGLOT, and this...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES FROM A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE David H D Warren Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA I INTRODUCTION ... shall discuss issues in natural language (NL) access to databases in the light of an experimental NL questlon-answering system, Chat, which I wrote with Fernando Perelra at Edinburgh University, ... within the English subset are answered in well under one second, including queries which involve taking Joins between relations having of the order of a thousand tuples. A disadvantage of much...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... chaining Inferencer Is then called to generate any ~nown preconditions for the act INGEST. The primary precondition (causative inference) for drinking is that the person doing the drinking ... establishing containment, since wine is known to be OUTPUTFROM bottles but bottles are not always assumed to hold wine. Another inference made during the initial analysis finds the ... completes the linking of tne causal chain between tne events described in the sentence. Second, it causes the filling of empty slots appearing in either the enabled act or In the enabling act, wherever...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... in is interpreted as an entire nucleus, complete with consequent state, for by definition the consequent state includes whatever other events were contingent upon Harry walking in, including ... points or culminations, they can be used to describe extended events such as our processes, in terms of a pair identifying their start- ing point and to the point at which they stop (in ... culmination (in the case of culminated processes). This means that a process expression like John ran will introduce two events, one indicating the start of the pro- cess and one indicating...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... Algorithm for Incremental Singular Value Decomposition in Natural Language Processing Genevieve Gorrell Department of Computer and Information Science Link¨oping University 581 83 LINK ¨ OPING Sweden gengo@ida.liu.se Abstract An ... sys- tem has seen dur ing training, it will invari- ably see something new at ru n-time in a do- main of any complexity. Any approach to au- tomatic natural language processing will en- counter ... natu- ral language problems involve sparse matrices, since there are many words in a natural lan- guage and the great majority do not appear in, for example, any one document. Domains in which...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... to boosting. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth Interna- tional Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Hinrich Sch ¨ utze. 1992. Dimensions of meaning. In Proceedings of Supercomputing, pages ... previously seen instances by counting the number of feature values that the two instances had in common. In computing the similarity score, features were weighted by their information gain, an in- formation ... memory-based learning method The order of prenominal adjectives in natural language generation Robert Malouf Alfa Informatica Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Postbus 716 9700 AS Groningen The Netherlands malouf@let.rug.nl Abstract The...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... instructions found mainly in the cooking domain. The example used by Karlin is (4). Steam for g minutes or until the mussels (4) open. Karlin asserts that 'the meaning of sentences in ... all processes in the cooking domain must have culminations. The validity of this approach is dis- cussed in the next section. However, before doing that we examine Karlin's final class, ... 1988. [3] Karlin, Robin "Defining the semantics of ver- bal modifiers in the domain of cooking tasks." Proc. 26th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Buffalo...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... structural parallel (e.g. X in front of Y, Y in front of Z). We are currently investigating ways to make this kind of structural parallel visible within r-specs and still maintain them as a concise ... that, accordingly, language generation entails a plannin~ process, selecting among these effects according to the desired outcome. As of the beginning of February 1982, the initial version ... guaranteeing not only that it will be included in the first r-spec, but that it will be the dominant atom in that r-spec. Another rule (in the Elaborate packet), proposes including the color...

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Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

... time. We discuss issues of achieving compatibility between these disparate resources. 1 NL Engine Natural language processing in the Unisys natural language understanding (NLU) system (Dahl, ... Hypothesizing case frame information for new verbs. In "Principles and Prediction: The Analysis of Natural Language& quot;, M. Eid and G. Iverson, eds., John Benjamin Publishing Co., ... WordNet. International Journal of Lexicography. Sager N. (1981) Natural Language Information Processing. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 399 p. word conc~t word gunpoint C ~_ muzzle<mouth...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... that any interval contains an infinite number of points creates a special problem for the representation of temporal information in databases. Typically, information about a tlme-varying attribute ... within a common framework, both concepts defined with respect to points in time and concepts defined with respect to intervals. The location of an object is defined relative to a point; ... counting and totaling that must be invoked for answering "how much" or "how many" questions. The mapping between a natural- language question and the corresponding database...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... Washington, 1972. 12. Clark, H.H. Bridging. Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing, 1975, pp. 169-174. 13. Finin, T.W. The Semantic Interpretation of Nominal Compounds. Proceedings ... /an- guages in order to focus on formally specifying domains and using ~hat specification in language processing rather than on defining new domain- independent representation languages. A ... deriving as many entities as possible using operators in the intensionai logic. In this section we illustrate this point by showing how definitely referenced sets, information about kinds, in- ...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... difference in the adequacy of the parsings of natural- language sentences will be alterations of the format itself in terms of in- creasing the degree of context-sensitivity. This in effect ... program will contain a set of self-contained and interchangeable subroutines designed to perform individual functions. The subroutines will be of two kinds: analytic sub- routines, the purpose ... pertinent in the case of a grammar having sufficient context-sensitivity to serve the needs of syn- tactic recognition adequate for the machine translation of natural languages. a) Since...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20