current issues in natural language processing

... Kingdom as well as in English-medium institutions around the world), and in content -language integrated learning programmes (increasingly popular in Europe where the teaching and learning of English ... testing such as reliability and validity need to be reinterpreted in TBA, particularly in relation to in- class contingent assessment in interaction, but testers such as Clapham (2000) insisting ... teacher training package (SBA Consultancy Team, 2005) which includes an introductory DVD and booklet, and two training CD-ROMs containing a range of student samples for benchmarking purposes In addition,

Ngày tải lên: 06/01/2019, 20:44

... Social Bias in Elicited Natural Language Inferences Rachel Rudinger, Chandler May and Benjamin Van Durme 16:00–17:00 A Short Review of Ethical Challenges in Clinical Natural Language Processing Simon ... subjects are any living individual about whom an investigator conducting research obtains Since these projects pose a minimal risk to subjects, they require minimal review Since most social media ... Zarrella 2011 Discriminating gender on twitter In Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pages 1301–1309 Fabio Celli, Fabio Pianesi, David Stillwell, and Michal Kosinski 2013 Workshop

Ngày tải lên: 13/04/2019, 14:02

... 149–156.Jenny Rose Finkel, Trond Grenager, and ChristopherManning 2005 Incorporating non-local informa-tion into informainforma-tion extracinforma-tion systems by gibbssampling In Proceedings of ACL, ... Xifeng Yan 2013.Mining evidencesfor named entity disambiguation In Proceedings ofKDD, pages 1070–1078.Ying Lin, Chin-Yew Lin, and Heng Ji 2017 List-onlyentity linking In Proceedings of ACL, volume ... this task.1 IntroductionEntity linking is the task of determining the iden-tities of eniden-tities mentioned in texts Most exist-ing studies on entity linkexist-ing have focused on link-ing entity

Ngày tải lên: 22/04/2024, 12:02

... 1996 Bagging predictors Machine Learning 24 (2): 123–140 (August) Brinker, Klaus 2003 Incorporating diversity in active learning with support vector machines Proceedings of the Twentieth International ... 2001 Limitations of co-training for natural language learning from large datasets Proceedings of the 2001 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2001), 1–9 Pittsburgh, ... Proceedings of the 2007 Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning, 783–790 ACL, Prague, Czech Republic 4, 37 Zhu, Jingbo,

Ngày tải lên: 02/06/2014, 09:22

... Abbreviations i-RMSD: Interface root-mean-square deviation; NLP: Natural language processing; PDB: Protein Data Bank; PPI: Protein-protein interactions; SVM: Support vector machines; TM: Text mining Acknowledgments ... sentences using dependency parsing In: Proc 2007 Joint Conf empirical methods natural language processing and computational natural language learning Prague: Association for Computational Linguistics; ... protocol (Fig 1) Text mining constraints in docking protocol TM constraints were incorporated in the docking protocol and the docking success rates assessed by benchmarking Basic TM tool [37]

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2020, 15:14

... rubber processing sector should be handled properly This paper is presented to discuss in detail about natural rubber processing sector in terms of its processing operations, major environmental issues ... processing is the same as for smoked sheet The processing of miscellaneous latex also exists in some factories (see Annex 6, Figure 6.) Referring to the whole steps in natural rubber processing, ... soaking and/or washing the lump, and then followed by hammer milling, crepe formation, milling, drying, bale pressing, and packing The flow diagram of crumb rubber processing is presented in the

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... Natural Language Processing with Python Natural Language Processing with Python Steven Bird, Ewan Klein, and Edward Loper Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Kưln • Sebastopol • Taipei • Tokyo Natural ... Automatic Natural Language Understanding We have been exploring language bottom-up, with the help of texts and the Python programming language However, we’re also interested in exploiting our knowledge ... credible commentators in the past week? Getting a computer to answer them automatically involves a range of language processing tasks, including information extraction, inference, and summarization,

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... lists and strings a Define a string and assign it to a variable, e.g., my_string = 'My String' (but put something more interesting in the string) Print the contents of this variable in two ways, ... simply typing the variable name and pressing Enter, then by using the print statement b Try adding the string to itself using my_string + my_string, or multiplying it by a number, e.g., my_string * ... arguments inside parentheses, like this: mult(3, 4), e.g., len(text1) 1.7 Further Reading This chapter has introduced new concepts in programming, natural language processing, and linguistics,

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... of each word in silly and join them into a string, to get 'eoldrnnnna' c Combine the words in bland back into a single string, using join() Make sure the words in the resulting string are separated ... can be used in automatically identifying the language of the text Accessing Substrings A substring is any continuous section of a string that we want to pull out for further processing We can ... document.txt using a text editor, and type in a few lines of text, and save it as plain text If you are using IDLE, select the New Window command in the File menu, typing the required text into this window,

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... converts any kind of sequence into a tuple, and list(s) converts any kind of sequence into a list We can convert a list of strings to a single string using the join() function, e.g., ':'.join(words) ... two kinds of equality might seem strange However, it’s really just the typetoken distinction, familiar from natural language, here showing up in a programming language 132 | Chapter 4: Writing ... sequence object, supporting common operations such as indexing, slicing, len(), sorted(), and membership testing using in • We can write text to a file by opening the file for writing ofile = open('output.txt',

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... river bank, a financial institution, the act of tilting to the side, or the act of depositing something in a financial institution The basic classification task has a number of interesting variants ... strategy instead Transformational joint classifiers work by creating an initial assignment of labels for the inputs, and then iteratively refining that assignment in an attempt to repair inconsistencies ... task of choosing the correct class label for a given input In basic classification tasks, each input is considered in isolation from all other inputs, and the set of labels is defined in advance

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... around the tagger class that turns it into a chunker During training, this second class maps the chunk trees in the training corpus into tag sequences; in the parse() method, it converts the ... training set However, it is very important that the test set be distinct from the training corpus: if we simply reused the training set as the test set, then a model that simply memorized its input, ... contained the following passage: (5) The Washington Monument is the most prominent structure in Washington, D.C and one of the city’s early attractions It was built in honor of George Washington,

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... chunking Section 13.5 of (Jurafsky & Martin, 2008) contains a discussion of chunking Chapter 22 covers information extraction, including named entity recognition For information about text mining ... types in the CoNLL Chunking Corpus using a regular expression–based chunk grammar RegexpChunk Use any combination of rules for chunking, chinking, merging, or splitting ◑ Sometimes a word is incorrectly ... looking up the values of ?n and ?t in the bindings Finally, we can inspect the resulting parse trees (in this case, a single one) >>> for tree in trees: print tree (S[] (NP[NUM='sg'] (PropN[NUM='sg']

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... 9.3 Extending a Feature-Based Grammar | 345 10.3 First-Order Logic In the remainder of this chapter, we will represent the meaning of natural language expressions by translating them into first-order ... at how unification interacts with structure-sharing, things become really interesting First, let’s define (23) in Python: >>> fs0 = >>> print [ ADDRESS [ [ [ NAME [ [ [ SPOUSE [ [ nltk.FeatStruct("""[NAME=Lee, ... variety of linguistic issues, and demonstrate the benefits of incorporating features into the grammar Subcategorization In Chapter 8, we augmented our category labels to represent different kinds of

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... enumerate(merchant.findall('ACT')): for j, scene in enumerate(act.findall('SCENE')): for k, speech in enumerate(scene.findall('SPEECH')): for line in speech.findall('LINE'): if 'music' in str(line.text): print ... using software The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative began in 1995 to develop conventions for finding, sharing, and managing information The Dublin Core metadata elements represent a broad, interdisciplinary ... in place of z1 in the preceding formula This change in labeling is innocuous? ?in fact, it is just an illustration of alphabetic variants After this excursus, let’s return to the task of building

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... stemmer, 107 language codes, 65 language output, generating, 29 language processing, symbol processing versus, 442 language resources describing using OLAC metadata, 435–437 LanguageLog (linguistics ... further reading, 286 information gain, 243 inside, outside, begin tags (see IOB tags) integer ordinal, finding for character, 95 interpreter >>> prompt, accessing, using text editor instead of to write ... statement in, 63 function invoked in, 64 used as function parameters, 55 lists, 10 appending item to, 11 concatenating, using + operator, 11 converting to strings, 116 indexing, 12–14 indexing, dictionaries

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... 2012 Exploring adaptor grammars for native language identification In Proceedings of the 2012 Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language ... Uszkoreit 2011 Inducing sentence structure from parallel corpora for reordering In Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 193–203, Edinburgh, ... alignment In Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing of the AFNLP, pages 932–940, Suntec, Singapore,

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:26

... Tamer Ozsu. On indexing sliding windows over online data streams. In EDBT, pages 712–729, 2004. ¨ [43] Lukasz Golab and M. Tamer Ozsu. Processing sliding window multi-joins in continuous queries ... quite important since large scale data stream processing is becoming increasingly popular. Time issues in distributed stream processing is a broad topic with a lot of interesting problems to study. ... Store Time DBMS query processing … Time DSMS query processing Figure 1.1: DBMS processing paradigm... seamlessly integrate continuous query processing into a full-function database

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:01

... On-line methods in children’s language processing Edited by Irina A Sekerina, Eva M Fernández and Harald Clahsen Developmental Psycholinguistics On-line methods in children’s language processing ... Cataloging -in- Publication Data Developmental psycholinguistics : on-line methods in children's language processing / edited by Irina A Sekerina, Eva M Fernández, Harald Clahsen p cm (Language ... Thegrowingimportanceofon-linemethods in child language researchwas evidentattheforumthatbroughtthisvolumeintobeing,theWorkshop on On-  Introduction Line Methods in Children’s Language Processing heldattheGraduateCenterofthe

Ngày tải lên: 27/08/2016, 13:29

... CURRENT ISSUES IN EUROPEAN FINANCIAL AND INSOLVENCY LAW Recent case-law and legislation in European company and insolvency law have significantly furthered the integration of European business ... Austria, Insolvenzgeld funding, 87–8 bankruptcy see insolvency and insolvency law Business Recovery Professionals (R3), 48 centre des intérêts principaux see under COMI centre of debtor’s main interests ... receivables financing, 56–8 restructuring emphasis, 211 security and insolvency 129–36, 137–153, 155–8 insolvency outcomes see insolvency, outcomes research Insolvenzgeld funding, 87–8 interbank

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2016, 11:12