open problems in natural language processing

... chaining Inferencer Is then called to generate any ~nown preconditions for the act INGEST. The primary precondition (causative inference) for drinking is that the person doing the drinking ... completes the linking of tne causal chain between tne events described in the sentence. Second, it causes the filling of empty slots appearing in either the enabled act or In the enabling act, wherever ... primitive, indicating that they are containers (link = INSIDE) with default object contained being wine. The second, the COMMON-SOURCE test, looks for known SOURCEs of wine by following the associative...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... Algorithm for Incremental Singular Value Decomposition in Natural Language Processing Genevieve Gorrell Department of Computer and Information Science Link¨oping University 581 83 LINK ¨ OPING Sweden gengo@ida.liu.se Abstract An ... sys- tem has seen dur ing training, it will invari- ably see something new at ru n-time in a do- main of any complexity. Any approach to au- tomatic natural language processing will en- counter ... from text. 1 Introduction Dimensionality reduction techniques are of great relevance within the field of natural lan- guage processing. A persistent problem within language processing is the over-specificity...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 02/06/2014, 09:22

... nhƣ: Ví dụ 1: Khai báo biến i kiểu Integer Dim i As Interger Ví dụ 2: Khai báo biến i kiểu Integer, st kiểu String độ dài 15 ký tự Dim i As Integer, st As String*15 b.2. Phạm vi biến Nhƣ chúng ... ".txt" For Append As #1 Print #1, temp Close #1 List1.Clear Open App.Path & "\" & temp1 & ".txt" For Input As #1 While Not EOF(1) Line Input #1, temp List1.AddItem ... String) As String + Input: Từ “word” . + Output: Trả về dạng nguyên thể của “word” + Thuật toán: - Chỉ nhận từ có kết thúc bằng đuôi “ed” hoặc “ing”. - Kiểm tra st = “word” – (“ed” or “ing”)...

Ngày tải lên: 26/04/2013, 14:55

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... nominal compounds. For example, the phrase natural language processing should generate language +natural and processing +language, while dynamic information processing is expected to yield processing+ dynamic ... Natural Language Processing. " Position paper at the workshop on Future Directions in Natural Language Pro- cessing in Information Retrieval, Chicago. Harman, Donna. 1988. "Towards interactive ... cessing components that assist the system in database processing (stemming, indexing, word and phrase clustering, selectional restrictions), and translate a user's information request into...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... of set domain relational calculus used in TQA then provides a basis for either taking the initiative in automat- ically printing these implicitly requested values or for engaging in a dialog ... clear in the sequel, the transformational apparatus utilized in the TQA Ques- tion Answering System provides a principled basis for handling these and many other problems in natural language ... second NP dominates the string "WARD 1 BLOCK 2". The feature + UNIT on a node that dominates PARKING SPACE is not found in the corresponding structure involving PARKINGLOT, and this...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES FROM A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE David H D Warren Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA I INTRODUCTION ... N. Logic for natural language analysis. PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1982. 6. Warren D H D. Efficient processing of interactive relational database queries expressed in logic. Seventh ... within the English subset are answered in well under one second, including queries which involve taking Joins between relations having of the order of a thousand tuples. A disadvantage of much...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... for manipulating data. Objects can be classified into classes and instances. A class defines a procedure [called a method) for handling incoming messages of its instances. A class inherits methods ... transfers a message containing a pointer to the head noun to a null NP occupying the gap in the relative clause. Intermediate objects serve as re-transmitting nodes as in computer networks. ... can interact only in a constrained way. This is a stronger claim than that allowing arbitrary communication. The more principled and constrained way modules of the linguistic component interact,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... in is interpreted as an entire nucleus, complete with consequent state, for by definition the consequent state includes whatever other events were contingent upon Harry walking in, including ... mesoning about processes and plans. In Cognitive Science, 6, I01-155. Moens, M. & M. Steedman (1986). Temporal Information and Natural Language Processing. Edinburgh Research Papers in ... culmination (in the case of culminated processes). This means that a process expression like John ran will introduce two events, one indicating the start of the pro- cess and one indicating...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... Confer- ence on Intelligent User Interfaces, pages 37–46. Ren ´ e Witte and Thomas Gitzinger. 2007. Connecting wikis and natural language processing systems. In Proc. of the Intl. Symposium on ... in Natural Language Process- ing, pages 404–411. Simon Tucker and Steve Whittaker. 2009. Have A Say Over What You See: Evaluating Interactive Compres- sion Techniques. In Proceedings of the Intl. ... Workshop at the 15th International Conference on World Wide Web. Freddy Y. Y. Choi. 2000. Advances in domain indepen- dent linear text segmentation. In Proceedings of the 1st Meeting of the North...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... Speech and Audio Processing, 8(2): 37-50. Collins, M. 2000. Discriminative re-ranking for natural language parsing. In ICML, 175-182. Collins, M. 2002. Discriminative training methods for hid- den ... local linear models via a dynamic program. In the CMM, the local linear models are trained independently, while in the CRF model, the local models are trained jointly. We call these two linear ... each training or test sample  ,   , generated using a baseline model. Then, a linear model of the form in Equation (1) is used to discriminatively re-rank the candidate list using additional...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... to boosting. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth Interna- tional Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Hinrich Sch ¨ utze. 1992. Dimensions of meaning. In Proceedings of Supercomputing, pages ... previously seen instances by counting the number of feature values that the two instances had in common. In computing the similarity score, features were weighted by their information gain, an in- formation ... memory-based learning method The order of prenominal adjectives in natural language generation Robert Malouf Alfa Informatica Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Postbus 716 9700 AS Groningen The Netherlands malouf@let.rug.nl Abstract The...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... soaking and/or washing the lump, and then followed by hammer milling, crepe formation, milling, drying, bale pressing, and packing. The flow diagram of crumb rubber processing is presented in ... more interesting. Raw materials used for making crumb rubber can be field latex or low quality lump. The steps included in crepe rubber processing using field latex are latex coagulation, milling, ... concentrate processing 24 ANNEX 4 Latex Coagulation Lump (100%) Pre-breaking Hammer milling Filter Calendar hammer milling Drying Weighing Bale pressing Packaging Storage...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20