problems in natural language understanding

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

... We discuss issues of achieving compatibility between these disparate resources. 1 NL Engine Natural language processing in the Unisys natural language understanding (NLU) system (Dahl, Norton ... Figure 2. Integration of KB Server data with core KB (WordNet-based KB concept names from ISI see text) 984 Integration of Large-Scale Linguistic Resources in a Natural Language Understanding System ... Hypothesizing case frame information for new verbs. In "Principles and Prediction: The Analysis of Natural Language& quot;, M. Eid and G. Iverson, eds., John Benjamin Publishing Co.,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... instructions found mainly in the cooking domain. The example used by Karlin is (4). Steam for g minutes or until the mussels (4) open. Karlin asserts that 'the meaning of sentences in ... all processes in the cooking domain must have culminations. The validity of this approach is dis- cussed in the next section. However, before doing that we examine Karlin's final class, ... 1988. [3] Karlin, Robin "Defining the semantics of ver- bal modifiers in the domain of cooking tasks." Proc. 26th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Buffalo...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... chaining Inferencer Is then called to generate any ~nown preconditions for the act INGEST. The primary precondition (causative inference) for drinking is that the person doing the drinking ... establishing containment, since wine is known to be OUTPUTFROM bottles but bottles are not always assumed to hold wine. Another inference made during the initial analysis finds the ... completes the linking of tne causal chain between tne events described in the sentence. Second, it causes the filling of empty slots appearing in either the enabled act or In the enabling act, wherever...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... of set domain relational calculus used in TQA then provides a basis for either taking the initiative in automat- ically printing these implicitly requested values or for engaging in a dialog ... clear in the sequel, the transformational apparatus utilized in the TQA Ques- tion Answering System provides a principled basis for handling these and many other problems in natural language ... second NP dominates the string "WARD 1 BLOCK 2". The feature + UNIT on a node that dominates PARKING SPACE is not found in the corresponding structure involving PARKINGLOT, and this...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES FROM A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE David H D Warren Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA I INTRODUCTION ... shall discuss issues in natural language (NL) access to databases in the light of an experimental NL questlon-answering system, Chat, which I wrote with Fernando Perelra at Edinburgh University, ... within the English subset are answered in well under one second, including queries which involve taking Joins between relations having of the order of a thousand tuples. A disadvantage of much...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... parsing begins again with a set of states, each containing the new input string on alpha and one of the saved tuples containing beta and gamma. Each of these states is a distinct parse path. ... be used. In addition to synactic information indicating the allowable sentences, the grammar formalism also contains semantic information that determines what the meaning of each input sentence ... non-deterministic, there are potentially points during a parse at which more than one turing machine instruction can apply. Each of the parse paths resulting from an application of a different turing...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... in is interpreted as an entire nucleus, complete with consequent state, for by definition the consequent state includes whatever other events were contingent upon Harry walking in, including ... points or culminations, they can be used to describe extended events such as our processes, in terms of a pair identifying their start- ing point and to the point at which they stop (in ... culmination (in the case of culminated processes). This means that a process expression like John ran will introduce two events, one indicating the start of the pro- cess and one indicating...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... Algorithm for Incremental Singular Value Decomposition in Natural Language Processing Genevieve Gorrell Department of Computer and Information Science Link¨oping University 581 83 LINK ¨ OPING Sweden gengo@ida.liu.se Abstract An ... sys- tem has seen dur ing training, it will invari- ably see something new at ru n-time in a do- main of any complexity. Any approach to au- tomatic natural language processing will en- counter ... natu- ral language problems involve sparse matrices, since there are many words in a natural lan- guage and the great majority do not appear in, for example, any one document. Domains in which...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... to boosting. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth Interna- tional Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Hinrich Sch ¨ utze. 1992. Dimensions of meaning. In Proceedings of Supercomputing, pages ... previously seen instances by counting the number of feature values that the two instances had in common. In computing the similarity score, features were weighted by their information gain, an in- formation ... memory-based learning method The order of prenominal adjectives in natural language generation Robert Malouf Alfa Informatica Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Postbus 716 9700 AS Groningen The Netherlands malouf@let.rug.nl Abstract The...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... for automatic spoken language understanding in such a theory. Most obviously, where in the past parsing and phono- logical processing have tended to deliver conflicting structural analyses, ... Processing of Com- binatory Grammars', Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the ACL, Stanford, July 1987, 73 80. STRUCTURE AND INTONATION IN SPOKEN LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING* Mark ... 153-198. [5] Grosz, Barbara, Aravind Joshi, and Scott We- instein: 1983, 'Providing a Unified Account of Definite Noun Phrases in Discourse, Proceed- ings of the 21st Annual Conference...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... "morning"; hence the training algorithm includes contributions with two word clumps containing these extraneous words. This is the price we pay for not using supervised training data. Intriguingly, ... less linguistic knowledge to produce a bilingual training corpus. The fertility models introduced below maintain these benefits while slightly improving performance. 2 Fertility Clumping Translation ... for Natural Language Understanding. Ph.D. thesis, New York University, September. Epstein, M., K. Papineni, S. Roukos, T. Ward, and S. Della Pietra. 1996. Statistical natural lan- guage understanding...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... Language Understanding Engine Test Environment (ETE) is a GUI software tool that aids in the development and maintenance of large, modular, natural language understanding (NLU) systems. Natural ... of the various intermediate data structures. 7. providing a basis for quantifying both regression and improvement in the NLU system. 1 Testing Natural Language Understanding Systems Application ... for domains which need to be tested. King (1996) discusses the general issues in NLU system evaluations from a software engineering point of view. Flickinger et al. (1987) describe in very...

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Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20